The Soviet education system was based on the unity of education and upbringing of the younger generation. An integral part of this system was the additional education of children, which was carried out through the Houses of Pioneers and Schoolchildren. During the reforms of the 1990s, additional education, as part of the educational process, died a long time. But today, our government has begun to talk about the revival additional education. I present my views on how it should be in the new socio-economic conditions in this article.

Modern additional education is conducted in the following areas:

civil and military-patriotic, carried out through the work of school museums, military-patriotic and search clubs.

scientific and technical - conducted as circles of interest. This includes computer circles, modeling, robotics, etc..

ecological and biological;

cultural and aesthetic;

sports and recreation.

IN major cities and megacities such as Kazan, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk and others, additional education is implemented through various children's leisure centers or centers children's creativity. Such cents are located in separate buildings (most of them are former houses of pioneers and schoolchildren). However, in small towns (district centers) and in rural settlements there are no such centers at all. Teachers of additional education are forced to be content with school classrooms, which for the most part are practically not equipped with anything.

In order for additional education to become effective in small towns and rural areas, it is necessary:

First: to build and open centers for children's creativity in rural areas. Once upon a time, in the countryside, there were houses of pioneers and schoolchildren, in which teachers of additional education conducted classes in many areas, giving children the opportunity to realize their interests and talents, to reveal their capabilities. The time has come to think not only about talented city children, but also about those who live in the countryside today .

Secondly: it is time to return additional education to the federal administration, under the auspices of the Ministry of Education and Science Russian Federation, thereby correcting the absurdity of the situation around additional education. The fact is that additional education today is at the mercy of municipal districts. Through the municipal budgets, the maintenance of associations of additional education is carried out and the wages of employees of additional education are calculated. And, as you know, the budget municipal districts very limited and not many of them can properly maintain such associations and pay a decent wages their leaders. In order not to burden the budget, managers municipalities, under the pretext of optimization, seek to reduce the association of additional education. This situation leads to the fact that children from rural areas are deprived of the right to receive additional education, prescribed in the Law on Education.

Thirdly: to systematize the work of teachers of additional education through the creation of a unified program of additional education. What should be in this program? I believe that, first of all, it should be adapted to modern realities, that is, meet all the modern requirements that modern society to the education and upbringing of the next generation. At the same time, one should not forget that such a program existed in the Soviet educational system. In addition, it is necessary to publish textbooks and teaching materials, at least in key areas of additional education .

Everything that I have outlined here is the minimum that should be necessary for additional education to be an effective form of education and upbringing of children.

What are the priority tasks facing teachers of additional education today, in addition to those that I spoke about above? In addition to revealing the talent of children and realizing the interests of the child, the teacher of additional education is obliged to think about how and how to give the child more in-depth knowledge about the subject, for example, about computers. After all modern life in many ways already dependent on computer technology and gadgets. Most kids want to get their hands on a more powerful computer or a more modern smartphone or tablet. But, not every one of them understands the harm that an excessive passion for IT technologies entails. Therefore, at the same time as training should be carried out and educational work in the field of additional education, in order to instill in the child an Internet culture, a general culture of behavior, a sense of civic responsibility, love for the Motherland, without which there is and cannot be a full-fledged personality.

Consequently, a teacher of additional education is not only a person who gives in-depth knowledge, but also an educator who has a special task - to educate a citizen in the full sense of the word. But in conditions when additional education is viewed only as the implementation of additional educational services, educational work in associations of additional education, cannot be carried out in due measure. In order to reverse this negative trend, teachers alone are not enough. It is necessary that the government finally understand the need for additional education, not as some kind of appendage to general education, but as an independent system of education and upbringing, carried out outside the school, as was the case in the Soviet Union.

Thus, additional education in modern conditions it is necessary to return the status that he had in the USSR. Only then it will be possible to talk about the effectiveness and unity of the educational and upbringing process in the field of additional education for children.

The concept of additional children's education appeared in the 90s of the last century and is reflected in the then adopted law on education. It includes a phased, systematized, purposeful process of educating and teaching schoolchildren using additional programs.
At the same time, additional education for children (SCE) has become an obligatory component of general education. But its peculiarity is that different types of DOD correspond to the inclinations, interests and goals of each student.

The history of the appearance of DOD

For many years, many elements have operated in our country. preschool education as an extracurricular activity. Various sections, circles, workshops, clubs and summer recreational institutions existed in the 19th century. They are still there, but their features and functions have changed many times. So today various forms out-of-school education and additional education of children are concepts, though close, but different.

Types of DOD institutions

At the moment, there are four options for organizing additional education.

• A random set of circles and sections in a general education school that do not constitute a single structure. Their work depends only on personnel and material base. This model is most common in Russia.
• An association of sections of a general orientation, which often becomes part of the school's basic education.
• Maintaining close communication and developing a joint program of work between the general education school and centers for children's creativity, sports and music schools, theaters, museums, etc.
• The most effective concept for the development of additional education for children involves the formation of educational complexes in which general education is harmoniously combined with additional education.

Additional education programs

Similar programs each educational institution develops independently. It can be based on a standard program developed by a state body and focused on the standards of additional education. If an educational institution includes elements of military training in the program being developed, then it must be coordinated with the authorities that have the appropriate authority from the government. By creating such a program, educational institution in the process of its implementation, it can itself determine the content of the course, the form of conducting and the duration of the classes. It is not necessary that the implementation of such programs be carried out by educational institutions themselves, but it can take place in independent centers (studios, clubs, stations, palaces) that specialize in additional training schoolchildren of different ages.
When implementing a program of additional children's education, an institution must follow certain principles:

A selection of useful sites that can make life easier for students and parents and help in solving pressing school problems. 1. History of...

• parents or children can choose both institutions and additional education programs themselves, focusing on the interests and abilities of the child;
• the child must be offered a choice of several similar programs;
• teachers, implementing additional education programs, must preserve the mental and physical health students;
• during training individual characteristics pupils must develop;
• classes should proceed against the background of the creative interaction of students with teachers;
• the process of implementing such programs should be continuous, their continuity should be observed, and if necessary, it would be possible to correct them.

Thanks to this, each student receives the right to receive a full-fledged additional education that contributes to the development of his personality and encourages the child to learn and creative activity.

Main functions and goals of DOD

Regardless of the form of implementation of the DOD, its goals are aimed at educating in each student a comprehensively developed, full-fledged personality, creatively and professionally realized. Education within the DOD is not compulsory, which can be considered its great advantage.
Main goals:

• the formation and subsequent development of various children's creative abilities;
• education of such moral character as spiritual values, respect for elders, love of work, patriotism;
• teaching a culture of communication and other communication skills: the ability to maintain a conversation, politeness, respect for the interlocutor, the ability to listen to comments and accept criticism;
• assistance to children in choosing a profession and the opportunity to develop acquired skills;
• meeting the cultural and communication needs of schoolchildren;
• physical development;
• protecting schoolchildren from the aggressive and harmful effects of society.

From the tasks and goals of additional education of children, its main directions logically follow. For the comprehensive development of students, their subsequent personal and professional implementation, any direction of additional education is important.
Modern pedagogy has six such areas:

1. Socio-pedagogical, which includes work with gifted children, volunteering, caring for people who require special treatment.
2. In the artistic direction, the makings of creativity in children are actively developing - abilities for literary work, fine arts, etc.
3. The technical direction prepares students for the relevant professions.
4. The tourist and local history branch is intended for children who want to study their native land and travel.
5. A natural science direction that focuses on the study of chemistry, physics, biology and other natural sciences.
6. Sports and physical education branch aimed at physical development (strength, endurance, agility, flexibility).

Each of these areas is able to fully realize the goals and main functions prescribed for additional children's education. It is quite natural that DOD is implemented in an optional form that has long become familiar to children, parents and teachers, as well as in the form of various sports sections, creative circles, dance studios, outdoor and school children's camps.

Under the sensitive period is understood the time interval, which is characterized by the presence of the most suitable conditions for the development of certain psychological ...

DOD organization

Additional education of children is a very important and topical issue, which any teacher must pay enough attention to. And although a lot has been written and said about its importance, but, unfortunately, most teachers continue to underestimate DES, even though universal teaching methods, the main types of activities of structures aimed at DES, and the main goals pursued are spelled out in Russian legislation.
Particularly interesting should be the novelties that appear in additional children's education and relate not only to the methods of education and training, but also to the activities of the schoolchildren themselves. After all, pedagogy, as a humanitarian science, does not stop its development. incessant technical progress causes the emergence of new professions, therefore, the DOD system should not lag behind and develop, meeting the needs of children's education.
Whatever aspects of learning are changing, they must be tracked. This kind of PCE monitoring is extremely important and is done in order to catch new trends instantly while monitoring children's behavior in any of the PCE programs.

Education and additional human opportunities

A person can reveal his potential, talents and abilities at any age. In sections and creative teams, an environment of interest is formed. For example, in sports sections for most people there may be quite an accessible organization of free time. In the process of participating in competitions and improving results, a person can reveal his athletic talents.
Specialized courses dedicated to advanced training should also be included in the field of additional education. In the houses of creativity there are no age restrictions for visitors. Quite often it happens that a person works all his life in some specialty, and when he retires, he suddenly discovers new abilities in himself. And additional education only expands a person's freedom of choice, helps a more complete realization.

1

0

Modern Russian system education of children and adolescents has long been based on a tandem of a mass general education school and institutions of additional education. And if the main task of schools is to give each student fundamental knowledge in all subjects of the humanities and natural science cycle, A school program is entirely aimed at entering a higher educational institution, then additional education has long been a means of identifying, supporting and developing the creative potential of students.

Young people are not indifferent to education, but would like it to be more vital and personally oriented. It is obvious that only one basic education unable to solve this problem. Therefore, it is so important to skillfully use the huge opportunities of additional education, thanks to which the student really gets the opportunity to independently choose the type of activity, determine his own educational path.

What is additional education?

Additional education ... gives the child the opportunity to develop Creative skills, purchase additional knowledge, skills and abilities.

Giving their child to any circle, sports section or music school, parents provide him with the opportunity for additional development. However, choosing a direction and specificity is not so easy. It is worth giving a child to that educational area which is of interest to him. And do not persist and impose any additional education if the child is not interested in it.

The system of additional education helps to build

• interpersonal relationships,
• improves the state of the emotional sphere,
• promotes self-understanding
• and alleviate behavioral problems.

All this together helps to reveal and develop the creative potential of children, as it is focused on meeting their intellectual needs and solving the problems of their creative development outside of school time.

And all this, because the fundamental factor is

• individual approach to each child, which becomes possible thanks to personal lessons,
• small groups
• and a certain freedom of the teacher himself, who has the opportunity to develop the program himself, taking into account the basic requirements, personal experience and own developments.

What else gives additional education?

The opportunity to see the result of their work, from which the guys are sometimes delighted. It is very important to reveal creative abilities in children, a certain talent, to find something that is interesting to the pupil, but due to life circumstances, the child did not have the opportunity to find an occupation due to his interest, spiritual need. And if the child is interested, then, of course, the results will follow.

The role of additional education cannot be underestimated. WITH early years the child learns to plan his time. This skill, over time, will be honed and will enter adulthood with it. The circle of communication, which could be limited only by the school and the yard, is becoming wider. This fact affects communication skills. In addition, in institutions of additional education, the child finds friends who are close in spirit and hobbies. And in the case of sports sections - there is a strengthening of his physical form and immunity. As a result, the knowledge, skills and abilities acquired in institutions of additional education form an expanded outlook and an active life position in the child.

Employment of students during extracurricular time helps to strengthen self-discipline, develop self-organization and self-control of schoolchildren, the emergence of meaningful leisure skills, allows children to develop practical skills for a healthy lifestyle, the ability to withstand the negative effects of the environment.

Classes in additional education groups develop the personality of the child, he receives knowledge, skills and abilities that allow him to work together with the teacher, under the supervision of the teacher, on his own, instill the need for constant self-improvement and self-development not only in school years, but throughout life. After all, life is overcoming obstacles, where you constantly need to prove to others and to yourself your importance.

In our school, additional education for children is currently represented by a number of circles and sections. In the classroom where I am class teacher For two years, the “Skillful Hands” circle has been operating, the organizer and leader of which I am. In the classroom we are engaged in applied arts.

Decorative and applied art is the most ancient art on earth. His role is great not only in the aesthetic education of the child, but also in the spiritual and moral development, familiarization with the origins and traditions of his homeland. Since ancient times, the entire transmission passes through creativity and art. Immersion in the world of culture allows the child to master the first step to building complete picture peace. Therefore, one of the main tasks facing the teacher of arts and crafts in the conditions of additional education is teaching and familiarizing children with various types of art, with the best examples of national culture, developing their creative imagination and thinking.

How does the circle live?

Every year we participate in competitions with the guys and there are diplomas in our “piggy bank”.

Thus, additional education at school can solve a whole range of tasks:

Align the starting opportunities for the development of the child's personality;

Contribute to the choice of his individual educational path;

? provide each student with a “success situation”;

? promote the self-realization of the child's personality and a teacher.

Additional education objectively has the ability to combine the education, upbringing and development of the child into a single process.

The goal of creativity is self-giving,

Not a hype, not a success.

Sad, meaning nothing

Be a parable on everyone's lips.

And we must live without imposture -

Live so that in the end

Attract the love of space

Hear the call of the future.

Boris Pasternak

MBOU secondary school No. 1 st. Olginskaya

"The role of additional education in the life of a child"

Sorokina Yulia Alekseevna

"Only the individual can act on the development and definition of the individual."
K.D. Ushinsky.

Upbringing creative personality, the development of a moral, competent person of the future is one of the most important tasks modern education. In my opinion, one of the most striking, emotionally rich means of aesthetic education and art education children is the theater. After all, theatrical pedagogy has a powerful potential for a holistic impact on the child, since it contributes to the development of creative and creative abilities, the formation of a competent and successful personality, since theatrical activity is based on close interaction and integration. different types arts (theater, choreography, literature, visual arts). This contributes to the creation of such educational environment which has a beneficial effect on the formation of independent and independent thinking, the creative potential of the individual. Allows you to enter the space of the possible and the impossible - through the game ...

Who is he, the man of the future? What questions does he ask himself? What is important to him? How to direct it without harming its uniqueness, individuality? Where to get directions? How to awaken the need for self-knowledge and the need to get in yourself the best that is in it and boldly show it to the world? How to lay the foundation on which the courage to solve problems, and not run from them, sprouts? I think that each of the teachers, and even more so the teachers of additional education, asks himself these questions, and more than once. And I am no exception. It is hardly possible to become such a wise Teacher as Life itself… But to touch this risky profession, and to understand something, the task turned out to be quite feasible for me… And how not to become “grunting” or omniscient at the same time (as it suits you) “ naphthalene”, serving the cause for more than 20 years? Where to get resources for endless renewal of yourself and discoveries in the profession additional education teacher?!..

... I will not dissemble that becoming a teacher was not part of my life plans at first. What can students of a creative university of the theater department dream of? With healthy ambitions? At least - Prima theater ... Success in student work inspires! But "someone's hand" (and most likely mine) suggested another way... And I was lucky. Lucky from the very beginning to get into the Nursery theater school Volgodonsk, where the director was Nikolai Nikolaevich Zadorozhny, a student of M.O. Knebel, who, in turn, was a student of K.S. Stanislavsky. It was there, I believe, that there was a turning point in the direction of theatrical pedagogy.

A year later, having plunged into the atmosphere of boundless goodwill, the highest workmanship of children and adults, teachers, graduates of the Etude Studio and the Master himself, I had a dream...

It was there that the idea came that someday I would be able to create my own studio, my own children's theater. Theater for kids! But there was still a great desire to play on stage myself, and not go to “coaching” work ... Then I was 23 years old ... But, honestly, I can say: I saw the level, the bar of working with a children's team of unprecedented height and skill! And I haven’t seen anything like it anywhere else, more than 20 years later… This “meeting” has become a guideline for me, as it can and should be! Outrageously professional, inimitably tasty and serious! And dreams tend to come true!

It was from this “bar” that my march through the pedagogical expanses began ...

Further, for many years combining acting and pedagogical activity Having tasted all the "difficulties and delights" of integrating general and additional education, I learned to set goals and achieve them, to look for ways to solve the tasks. The children of the most ordinary school, with whom I studied acting, studied the same with me. Working in a team of young teachers, together we studied all the “innovations in education”, together we created the author’s unique program that combined the Children’s Studio, the Children’s Theater and the Student Theater, which won the All-Russian competition educational programs. The classes were complex, conducted by whole classes of a general education school and by subgroups ...

School teachers adored "creative" classes. Children, acquiring the skills of productive communicative communication and joint creative activity in an informal setting, gradually changed, became different: friendly, proactive, active, although these were far from the best classes, and they did not always study with "five". And all this in the second half of the 90s, when there was complete confusion in the country ... Despite the non-payment of salaries and a half-starved existence against the general background ... In classes, rehearsals, we tried to create a situation of success for children (participation in concerts, sketches, productions) and demand while the "adults" were playing games on the collapse of the country ...

We believed that what we are doing is not in vain, that children and we need, in spite of everything, to live on, and moreover, to take place in the future! Let already in a new, changed country ...

For a long time, my priority was still acting ... And our studio children, looking at us, their teachers, playing in performances, studied, admired, imitated. We were for them an example of how to "be". We were called "practicing teachers". And we understood this responsibility. Sacrifice? Not at all! We were happy, young, full of hope and just loved what we did. And it took time, a rethinking of myself, before I was able to go completely to the "coaching" work - to the teachers of additional education.

How important it is sometimes not to interfere creative person to make it really worth it!

Further, in 2006, already in my native Tomsk, having slightly transformed this “model” of interaction with children, my wonderful team was born on the basis of the Career Planning Center - the Theater-Studio "Sintez" ... In the Palace of Children and Youth Creativity, it takes on that form and the content that I always wanted, dreamed about. Ever since youth. How important it is sometimes not to interfere with a creative person in order to get a really worthwhile business! The first thing that had to be created was the program! Plan! Instruction! For business! Three subjects: "Acting", "Stage speech" and "Fundamentals of stage movement" - the main ones, and two additional ones - "Choreography" and "Theater history. Costume history. For 5 or more years of study ... The slogan “Come to us, become better at the Theater in which Children play!” Appeared, which, in the best possible way, reflects the essence ...

In the first year of operation, there were 24 people in the Synthesizing Palace. Six years later - more than 70! Age - from 8 to 17! Four groups. Close in age and years of study. Junior, Intermediate and Senior. Approximately equal. The fact that the number of studio students is growing year by year, and we already have to make a “selection”, since we can’t accommodate everyone who wants it, of course, without false modesty, this is an indicator for me as a teacher ... Children remain. New ones come and stay. They come again and again. And even graduates, having completed a five-year study, continue to study ...

First, intention. It works.

Of course, children go “to the teacher”. Often, when a teacher or leader changes, the team or organization “goes into decline,” or, conversely, everything begins to sparkle with new colors, gush with ideas, opportunities ... Everything comes from a person. And even more so - from the leader. Or rather, from his intentions. First the intention - then the possibilities for implementation. And not otherwise. And in our profession - especially! It works!

Recent example. Before I had time to think about charitable activities, they say, “it would be necessary, it would be time,” as almost immediately an offer was received for the participation of children in the “Special Fashion” gala concert Regional competition young designers for models with disabilities. “This is an opportunity to give children a lesson in kindness, acceptance of otherness, to make, so to speak, their own contribution ...”, I thought. The children were supportive. This year we are invited again. And we'll go again.

Or here's another example. In 2014-2015, I got excited about creating a big project, trying my hand, and winning a grant. Thanks to friends, colleagues, like-minded people, it took place - “International real-virtual competition “Constellation.ru” confidently declared itself. It united the efforts of children, teachers, leading Russian experts in the field of art. It wasn't easy. But I got "profit" in the form of colossal experience. And undoubted growth, thanks to everything new. And the children of my Synthesis, like thousands of other participants in the competition, became the most active participants.

Don't teach, but share what you know!

My main methodological principle of teaching the basics of acting is mastering the laws of human behavior in stage conditions. Know how to look and see. Listen and hear.

The ability to solve complex problems is the competence of the future!

According to forecasts by World Economic Forum analysts, in 2020, as well as in 2015 (it was then that this study was conducted), the ability to solve complex problems (Complex Problem Solving) will remain in first place in terms of demand. I love the word “task” and use it often in class. Children understand what it means: "Your task is to make him ...". Subsequently, they learn to set tasks for each other, for themselves. She is always specific. It is aimed at a partner. The ability to understand the task of the hero in an etude or play and find ways to achieve his goal is a very important skill that will be useful to them in their future life, in any other profession, and not just on stage.

creativity and critical thinking- vivat!

The complication of processes in all areas requires non-standard solutions. Unfortunately, this is not taught in modern school(and in many universities). Here is the opinion of Tatyana Chernigovskaya, a well-known scientist in the field of neuroscience and psycholinguistics: “Is this how we teach children?.. Why teach meaningless things? We feed our kids with them. It is important for me to know in what year did Napoleon marry Josephine? No, it doesn't matter. It is important for me that a person understands what is happening on this planet. Everything else - Google already knows. I don't need people who know what Google knows professionally, because Google already exists. I need someone who comes up with an unusual thing. You know, discoveries are mistakes. If we propose to pass the exam to the following people: Mozart, Beethoven, Pushkin, the loafer, the loser, and also take the chemist Mendeleev (deuce in chemistry, remember?), Einstein, Dirac, Schrödinger, etc. Here they are all screwed up. We'll say: "Two to you, Niels Bohr." He will say: “A deuce is a deuce, but Nobel Prize waiting for me." And precisely for this "wrong" answer! So what do we want? Discoveries or an army of fools who learned Newton's binomial? Of course, there is a big danger here. I know her. If everyone knows a little bit about everything, then there is a risk that we will start releasing amateurs. What to do with it, you need to think. I totally agree! This “non-standard” I especially welcome in children! The ability to “not look at your neighbor”, or “go beyond the usual” is very valuable.

Eat special exercises, techniques in acting, aimed at finding non-standard solutions. And children love them very much, and at 10, and at 13, and at 16 years old ... For example, composing and translating etudes. From three words. Not related, for example, snow, turtle, nail. The task is to come up with and connect them into one story, that is, according to all the laws of dramaturgy - a plot, a climax, a denouement. I forcefully remind them not to “go along with stereotypes by finding an unusual meaning for simple words, of things". And they find! They not only invent, link together, but also present “their product” on the stage, that is, they independently distribute roles among themselves, agree on goals, tasks, and the actions of the characters they have created - they create! Let "here and now", momentarily ... This is a training! This is an investment in the future! Experience! Then we discuss together, we analyze. Reflection! By creating, they train both mental, and communicative, and regulatory abilities child. And… out of the box thinking. And they do it with great joy and pleasure! No other genius!

Cognitive flexibility and empathy are also a priority. Understand and empathize with the feelings of another, with respect for internal processes. It is important! Just to feel! And how is a person of the future without this? ..

Of course, participation in productions, performances is what they strive for. Everything is like in adults - to get “in the main roles”, in the “main cast” ... And at the same time, I cultivate in the team, there is no other way to say it, an atmosphere of goodwill and respect for each other. The atmosphere is not competition, but cooperation! Theater is a collective, synthetic art. Everyone matters here! They themselves (including) choose each other for roles or put forward themselves, argue their choice. This is how children learn to accept the opinion of others. Whether they rest in a summer camp or have fun on holidays, work - rehearse, argue, create and get up - but they know - "we are a team"!

Reaching high enough professional level, I set myself the task of bringing the team I lead to the international level. Realized in the second year! And it has become an annual good tradition! We are in trend - at festivals and competitions different levels- from urban to international, filming on TV, trips to festivals in Yekaterinburg, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, etc.... Of course, this is the creation of a situation of success, and self-confidence, and summing up certain results of work - for everyone. And our theatrical session at the country summer camp! Almost the entire team! Easily! It would be intention!

In my work, I deliberately do not set career-oriented tasks for myself. Although "senior and middle" more than half. Rather, the opposite. And not because I have a bad attitude towards the professions of “actor, director” ... I just know that you need to go there, if you cannot live without it, that is, there is no choice. Otherwise there is nothing to do! “And if you have a choice, it’s better not to go,” I tell the children. It's probably right. Let it be better, having played plenty of games in childhood, they will enter adulthood, and they themselves will decide “to be or not to be” ... Let everything be joyful! I am convinced that not only in any profession they will be able to apply their skills to "live on stage", but also in any life situation because the knowledge and experience of theater pedagogy are universal! They help to bring up a wise, competent, understanding person. And in this situation, in our country, I think it is much more important!

Thus, theatrical pedagogy is the area for me where all the best qualities that people have are most fully concentrated and manifested. This is an area where you can nurture and develop the qualities that you want to see in yourself in the future. Where everyone is given the opportunity to express themselves by participating in the common process, the tasks of socialization and cooperation are solved with the greatest intention - to give, with the inescapable need to develop oneself.

It doesn’t matter that someone sings, and someone enlightens, someone ... We all awaken something in people, children ... I want to be able to touch the very insides of those who “have ears and hear”. Words! .. But the form is not important. It is only important how much clarity, simplicity and purity we can bring with our work, with ourselves into the world.

It’s not enough, gentlemen, only to give your heart ... You need to grow yourself. And educate only by example!

Anna Ivanovna Grigorova,
additional education teacher,
DTDiM, Tomsk

Editorial opinion may not reflect the views of the author

Every parent wants their child to be fully developed. Therefore, additional education comes to the aid of general education. In other words, the time free from one type of education is also spent on education, only another: satisfying the creative needs of the child and his desires.

But then the child has less and less time for the most ordinary games and walks. How to find a balance between employment and freedom - and is it necessary?

Why is additional education needed?

The main task of additional education is the realization of the innate abilities of children and the acquisition of new abilities. Every person has an arsenal hidden opportunities which are important to discover and develop in time. Development is the main direction of any extracurricular activity.

Additional education is connected with the process of upbringing. Through additional educational programs, a number of educational tasks are solved. Moreover, this happens unobtrusively, in the process of activity, without notations and moralizing.

The opportunities for further education are enormous. We list just a few of them:

Like-minded people gather in a small one - children united by a common activity. Here universal human values ​​are promoted, the desire to express oneself is respected, any manifestation of activity, independence and creativity is encouraged.

Additional education is always aimed at the individual, taking into account his level and abilities. It is purely individual: even in a group of children, each has its own tasks.

Additional education has great potential and is able to meet any needs:

• artistic;
• physical culture and sports;
• military-patriotic;
• socio-pedagogical;
• culturological;
• technical.

• Additional education contributes to the prevention of antisocial behavior of children and adolescents, providing employment in their free time.

  Additional education systematizes the interests of the child, orienting him to future professional activities.

  Additional education contributes to the socialization of children.

The school gives the child a general education, and it is the additional education that contributes to the multifaceted development of the personality.

How to choose the direction of additional education?

Choice options additional program there may be several.

Option 1. We try everything that is interesting to the child.

Remember the poem about Lida Agnia Barto?

"Drama circle, photo circle,
Horkruzhok - I want to sing,
For the drawing circle
Everyone voted too.

And now the girl Lida is looking for herself, because she is interested in everything. Of course, at some stage there will be a “spraying” of the child. But to understand whether you like a dish or not, you can only try it. Therefore, it is perfectly acceptable to let the child, as long as the search process is not endless.

Option 2. We direct the child depending on his abilities.

It is not easy to correctly determine the abilities of children, since there is not always an opportunity for their manifestation. Maybe your son is great at curling. But how can you understand this if there is no corresponding section in your city? In any case, it is important to pay attention to any manifestation of children's interests.

In order to objectively assess the child's abilities, answer the following questions:

• What does your child do when he is alone?
• What actions does he repeat after adults?
• What qualities did nature endow him with: activity, sociability, flexibility, speed, plasticity, artistic abilities, etc.

By comparing all the answers, you can determine the direction of development for the child.

Option 3. We occupy the child's free time.

It is likely that you have a completely ordinary child without outstanding abilities and interests. In this case, the main task of additional education is to keep the child busy in order to prevent any negative impacts on his fragile psyche. In this case, you need to choose something simple, accessible to everyone, but very exciting.

If two principles work: accessible and interesting, then your child will quickly get involved in the activity.

As for the direction itself, here the priority will be the territorial location of the children's association.

Should a child have free time?

Additional education is implemented in free time from the main activity, that is, outside of study and preparation for it. First you need to determine the amount of free time and its scope.

So, we take the end time of the lessons, add the way from school to it, take into account lunch, dinner and the time for preparing homework. Somewhere between these periods is free time.

Now it is important to determine the scope of free time.

If your child is hardy enough and school lessons do not cause him severe physical fatigue, then you can include additional education in the time period after school. This will unload the child's psyche and provide an opportunity for relaxation. As you know, the best rest is a change of activity.

If the child is physically weak, then immediately after school it is better to give the child the opportunity for normal rest, inactive. After a short “quiet hour”, the child can be asked to complete homework, and only after that go to additional classes. This is due to the fact that the child may receive excessive psychological stress during extra classes, which will not allow him to concentrate on the lessons later.

If your family does not have a family tradition for spending the weekend, then include extra education in your weekend plans.

Free time in its full understanding should be, but within reasonable limits. The child should not be bored and look for something to do, otherwise you can “stumble upon” very dangerous things on the Internet or in thoughtless wandering around the area. Free time can be spent reading a book, watching your favorite movie, chatting with friends. Yes, parents should control the children's daily routine, but you can not control every second of the child's life. It is important to create a balance.

And yet, being carried away by various types of education, do not release the child from everyday work duties. Help around the house, taking care of yourself and your loved ones should not be replaced by a pseudo-striving for comprehensive development. In this case, you risk missing another important point education is moral.

Svetlana Sadova