Vladimir Putin fired Dmitry Livanov from office Special Representative of the President of the Russian Federation for the development of trade and economic relations with Ukraine. The corresponding decree No. 570 was published on the official legal information portal.

The position was largely nominal. Dmitry Viktorovich was quietly wiping a sirloin on a chair in his Moscow office. But even here, they say, he managed to show his worst side.

A theoretical physicist, innovator and optimizer, Livanov served as Minister of Education and Science in 2012-16. Russian Federation. Teachers and scientists still remember “Chubais from education” with strong words. The most harmless epithets found in conversations are enemy, fool and boor.

"I think there is no need to give a grade for literacy!"- Livanovna proclaimed at the first meeting of the Council on the conduct of the final essay in graduating classes on July 8, 2014. He sharply criticized Dima Yakovlev’s law (providing for a ban on the adoption of Russian children by Americans), opposed a single history textbook and patriotism lessons in schools, and actively promoted Unified State Examination, lobbied for the idea of ​​reducing the number of places in state educational institutions etc. There was an intensive thoughtless reorganization of schools and universities (“ Reducing the number of schools in Russian cities does not affect the quality of education", the minister said on August 26, 2015), Livanov was accused of deliberate destruction pedagogical universities. A separate topic is the large-scale reform of the Russian Academy of Sciences with the transfer of property to the raking hands of the Lebanese boys from FANO (abolished on May 15, 2018).

Back in the spring of 2013, all four factions of the State Duma recognized Livanov’s work as unsatisfactory, three factions - the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, the Liberal Democratic Party, the Socialist Republic - signed an appeal to Putin with a request to consider the advisability of Livanov’s further work as Minister of Education and Science, then-Speaker of the State Duma Sergei Naryshkin emphasized that " This position was also supported by the United Russia faction."; almost the only public defender of Livanov was the head of the Cabinet of Ministers, Dmitry Medvedev. State Duma deputy from United Russia Vladimir Burmatov demanded that Mr. Minister be brought to criminal responsibility for the thefts that occurred at MISiS when Livanov was rector (2007-12).

But only on August 19, 2016, Livanov was relieved of his post as minister. On the same day, he was appointed special representative of the President of the Russian Federation for trade and economic relations with Ukraine. Instead of Mikhail Zurabov - former Russian Ambassador to Ukraine, ex-Minister of Health and social development of the Russian Federation, ex-head of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, ex-adviser to Boris Yeltsin on social issues, an extremely odious character, a successful businessman and owner of the largest pharmacy chain in Kyiv.

While Livanov held the post of minister, his wife was one of the five richest ministerial wives. One must assume that during her husband’s work as a special representative, she did not turn into a beggar. Olga Anatolyevna Mordkovich belongs to a wealthy Moscow family (father Anatoly Grigorievich Mordkovich is involved in automation in the energy sector, general director, co-founder of ASU-VEI LLC, working with PJSC FGC UES, PJSC RusHydro and other giants; in 2013 awarded the medal of the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II degree). Olga studied at the famous mathematical school No. 57, often called the “Jewish school”(the site of a recent high-profile pedophile scandal). Among her classmates were, for example, the future oligarch (Rusagro Group), senator, member of the presidium of the Russian Jewish Congress and sponsor of the Jewish Museum and Tolerance Center Vadim Moshkovichor the future billionaire, owner of the Metropol Hotel and Russia's largest chain of business hotels AZIMUT Hotels, member of the Board of Trustees of the Jewish Museum and Tolerance Center, large landowner Alexander Klyachin, whom the press called “the most aggressive absorber”, a collective farm raider." In 1991, Moshkovich assigned his friend Mordkovich as the “chief computer specialist” at the Congress of Exchanges of Konstantin Borovoy, from which her dynamic career began. Then Ms. Mordkovich held prominent positions in various companies ( "Relcom", "Golden Telecom", "Sovam Teleport", Protek, etc.), created the first website about elections in Russia, where voting results were published online, married the future Minister of Education Dmitry Livanov. In 2004, he headed the Department of State scientific, technical and innovation policy in the Ministry of Education - at the same time, Mordkovich headed the billing and IT department at the mobile operator Tele2. In 2012, Livanov became a minister - Mordkovich immediately became the director of the Tele2 holding for information technology." The wife of Education Minister Dmitry Livanov Olga Mordkovich and her company Tele2 receive billions from government contracts"- wrote journalist Oleg Roldugin in 2015.

Olga Mordkovich:

There is a holiday in the country. This person has been transferred to another job. In the government, his position was considered “execution”. We were told that “a minister is not a ruble to please everyone.”

It sounded harsh, but strange. The educated people in our country are overwhelmed by the thirst for profit. The intelligentsia just wants to live with dignity and mind their own business. Teachers, doctors, engineers begin to worry about the ruble only when the government cannot improve the economy and turns them into beggars.

Why does the country love Lavrov and Shoigu? Yes, because they love the country and do their job well. And both of them have more difficult areas than the Ministry of Education. Livanov was required to be a professional and take care of schools, universities, and scientific institutions. Treat people decently who work honestly and have become dependent on him. Alas, we did not expect this from Dmitry Viktorovich.

An interesting paradox: the country's leadership considers education to be the most important government priority. Over the past 15 years, the amount of spending on the university sector alone has increased almost 20 times. And education is falling apart. The officials and pseudo-scientists implementing them, as well as the group of grant recipients formed as a result of very peculiar competitions, are happy with the reforms.

Parents are clutching their heads when they see what and how their children are taught from an early age. And the heads of companies and institutions in almost all spheres of the country’s life have been in deep anxiety for many years due to the insufficient qualifications of new generations entering life. And there is no change for the better. What is the huge amount of government money actually spent on? To nonsense that is obvious to professionals. To things completely unrelated to reality educational process, such as the purchase of equipment for universities, on which there is no one to work, mega-grants for foreign scientists and conveyors for preparing articles for Western journals.

By force, contrary to the opinion of the university community, a bachelor's degree was introduced. In fact, specialist training was reduced by one year. They dropped 20 percent of classroom activities from the curriculum. Huge amounts of money were paid to mercenaries who distorted educational plans. Significant efforts were required for universities to switch to this disgrace. So what, the quality of preparation won? And the master's program is a parody of graduate school, much shorter and with a much weaker output. As a result, six years of study give much worse results compared to a five-year specialty. Graduate school was turned from a form scientific activity into education, and our science will feel the severe consequences of this transformation in the very near future.

Only the lazy don’t talk about the Unified State Exam. In high school, instead of developing creative qualities, our children are forced to train themselves to solve tests. The most important years for the development of creativity are spent on activities that are essentially harmful. Really modern Russia, unlike the USSR, a creative personality type is not needed? It should be added that the introduction of the Unified State Exam destroyed the traditional and very important mechanisms of interaction between schools and universities, and at the same time the work on career guidance for high school students. It was not difficult to eradicate abuses in admission to universities - just jail five to ten bribe-takers from “elite” universities. Instead, the interaction of all universities with applicants is now focused not on conscientious teaching staff, but on some kind of crook. The abuses have not decreased, but instead of strengthening universities in the provinces, talented children are being pulled to the center. True, poor families cannot support them there during their studies. Are we turning the province into a septic tank for the poor and untalented? A good future for the country...

The list of harmful changes is huge. Not only for universities, of course. It's even harder for schools. I have been working as a rector for 25 years, there is something to compare what is happening with. But I cannot rejoice at a single ministerial innovation of the Livanov period. It’s funny and bitter: today’s Ministry of Science and Education has not learned to evaluate the results scientific research, nor the quality of education. Doesn't even know what it is. All the steam goes into collecting pieces of paper, subordinating those who disagree, and self-promotion. Administrative resources are systematically used to the detriment of the cause: the destruction of academic science, the beating of qualified management personnel, the installation of “our own” in key positions, the purchase of allies with essentially unjustified funding, the formation of a pseudo-expert community, relationships based on the principle of “support us or leave.”

To be fair, it should be said that many Lebanese reforms were planned even before Livanov. However, even then their harmfulness was obvious to specialists. Dmitry Viktorovich made the controversial inevitable. Under him, the ministry turned into an absolutely ideological and dictatorial body, unencumbered by common sense. From the outside it might seem that these are reforms for the sake of reforms. When every step causes dire consequences, and eliminating the consequences gives rise to even worse results. And the only point is that someone is making money from this terrible process. But the ideological aspect was absolutely clear: to destroy all the achievements of the USSR and achieve at least a remote resemblance to the West. Everyone who does not agree with this vector of change is an enemy. And the enemy either surrenders or is destroyed.

Livanov is a fanatic of the idea of ​​mindlessly copying the West. To call him mediocrity would be unfair. A bright personality, a talented organizer, a born official, a man with iron willpower. The scale of these qualities is comparable only to the depth of his ignorance in the field of science and education.

The minister turned out to be absolutely impervious to any ideas other than those born in his ideological circle, even if his ideas were delusional. He destroyed everything inherited from the USSR. But what he built turned out to be stillborn. He did not understand that education is part of the culture of the people, inextricably linked with it by thousands of invisible threads. I thought that I could change it, like a suit in a wardrobe. I had a very vague idea about Western education. Surprisingly, having worked as a minister for so many years, Dmitry Viktorovich is still not aware of the truths known to the ancient Greeks - for example, that education consists of training and upbringing. That is, it simply cannot exist without education. As a result, the state has transferred the function of education to the means of mass communications, and education in schools and universities is failing.

Livanov’s worldview is based on the idea that money is not a means, but the goal of a person’s life. Hence his understanding of education as a service and his desire to turn it into a business. He seriously believed that schools and universities would dramatically improve the quality of their work if they were made commercial entities. But this did not happen - simply because it could not happen. Misunderstanding of the essence of education did not allow Livanov to organize monitoring of the work of universities without scandals. It also forced us to turn to ratings - quackery, widespread abroad. When you cannot develop quality criteria, it is logical to leave its assessment to Western wizards. There is no basis for the reformers' assertions that university science in Russia is more promising than academic science, that large universities, in principle, work better than small ones. Etc. and so on.

One of the most negative processes of our time is the total subordination of scientists and teachers to officials, the spread of the vertical power structure to the academic sphere. IN Russia XXI century, the concept of academic autonomy rapidly dissolved. Possession of bureaucratic power now turns out to be more important than knowledge and professionalism. Under the banner of democratic reconstruction, a stupid command-administrative spirit is being implanted, which did not exist either under the Tsar or in the era of militant communism. And the office is increasingly replacing the real deal. After all, the state controls our work only on paper; no one cares about what actually happens in classrooms and scientific laboratories.

With whom can we compare the minister who vacated his chair last Friday? It contains, and not a little, from various historical and literary characters. From Dzerzhinsky's ardent associates to Baron Munchausen. I also remember the wizard from Pugacheva’s song: “I wanted to make a thunderstorm, but I got a goat.” But the closest is, perhaps, Trofim Lysenko. Times change, but Lysenkoism does not leave the historical arena. Only now anti-science and dense ignorance are dressed up in the garb of “reforms,” “progress,” and “increasing competitiveness in the global world.”

What will happen next? Here's the question. Livanov, after all, is a representative of a whole layer of managers who profess the notorious “neoliberal” ideology. And this layer has proven in practice its business failure. Apparently, a change in the vector of development is on the agenda. Despite all the hardships of the past years, Russian education and science still have enormous potential. The only question is how to use it wisely for the benefit of the country.

Minister of Education and Science Dmitry left his post, and an official was appointed in his place. Earlier today, unconfirmed information about the resignation of the minister, who had held this post since 2012, was leaked to the media. The fact that the resignation of the head of the department had already been discussed the day before was confirmed to Gazeta.Ru by two sources in the education system.

"IN last days it was in the air,” a source in the Ministry of Education told Gazeta.Ru.

Soon after this, the minister’s resignation was officially confirmed - it was accepted by President Vladimir.

The decision on this was announced by President Vladimir Putin in Crimea, where he arrived to meet with members of the Security Council, as well as to attend the All-Russian Youth Forum “Tavrida”.

Vladimir Putin agreed with Prime Minister Dmitry’s proposal to appoint Olga Vasilyeva, an employee of the presidential administration, as the new head.

At the same time, it became known about the new position of the former minister: Livanov will become the special representative of the head of state for trade and economic relations with Ukraine. “Okay, we’ll do that, I agree,” Putin said, responding to Medvedev’s proposal during a meeting at the Belbek military airfield near Sevastopol.

At the same time, Putin dismissed the special representative for the development of trade and economic relations with Ukraine from his post. The corresponding decree published on the official legal information portal.

At a meeting with the head of state, Medvedev noted that the government had intensified work on priority projects, including in the field of education. “In order to bring to life the ideas that have been formulated, new approaches, new powers, and in some cases, new people are required,” the prime minister noted. “I would propose to replace Dmitry Livanov with a woman, Olga Yuryevna Vasilyeva, who has a good track record,” the head of government emphasized.

It is known that on August 20, Livanov was supposed to attend the All-Russian Pedagogical Meeting in, which is taking place these days. The Ministry of Education and Science reacted to the message about the resignation as follows: “The Ministry of Education and Science faces tasks aimed at developing education and science in Russia, including ensuring accessibility quality education for all segments of the population as the basis for social mobility, ensuring the current and future needs of the economy and social sphere in professional personnel with the necessary qualifications, creating conditions for development continuing education, creating conditions for the development and effective use of scientific and technical potential. The Ministry is focused on completing its tasks and continues to work as usual, concentrating on preparing educational organizations by the beginning of the school year."

Livanov's new position - special presidential representative for trade and economic relations with Ukraine - was previously held by former ambassadors in Ukraine: Mikhail Zurabov and. After Mikhail Zurabov resigned, Russia proposed a candidacy for his place, and the Ukrainian side refused to approve his figure. Therefore, at the moment, the interests of Russia in Ukraine are represented by a charge d'affaires ad interim, and the issue of appointing a new ambassador is suspended. Now, due to the absence of the ambassador, part of his functionality on trade and economic cooperation will be assigned to Special Representative Livanov.

“As for the diplomatic representative, the ambassador (to Ukraine), we’ll talk separately. But the development of trade and economic ties should be in the field of our constant attention,” President Vladimir Putin said on Friday. “This is not diplomatic work, and Livanov will now deal with purely economic relations, albeit in cooperation with the Russian trade mission,” explains Gazeta.Ru’s interlocutor in the diplomatic environment. Before the Crimean referendum and the conflict in Donbass, Ukraine was one of Russia's leading economic partners. However, today the economic relations between the countries have deteriorated. Exports of services from Ukraine to Russia in 2014 compared to 2013 fell by more than half.

It is known that, as Minister of Education, Livanov promoted quotas in universities for refugees from Ukraine.

In any case, Livanov will have to establish new connections in this country. Most of his acquaintances in Ukraine are officials of the Yanukovych government who left the political arena after the revolution. A Ukrainian political scientist suggested that Livanov would become Russia’s unofficial ambassador to Ukraine, since Ukraine did not agree to Babich’s candidacy. “Therefore, such a neutral option was chosen, an understudy ambassador, an unofficial, illegitimate, non-status representative of the president, who will actually begin to pave the way for ambassadorial functions and will in fact largely play the role of an ambassador,” the expert told Interfax-Ukraine.

Dmitry Livanov's positions were among the weakest among government members. United Russia members regularly criticized Livanov in the Duma at the beginning of the year for his United Russia party.

“Livanov’s work does not find support in the party. We have repeatedly criticized his activities, but there was no reaction,” an interlocutor close to the leadership of United Russia explained in February the negative attitude of the party members.

Unofficially, there were rumors in academic circles and circles close to the Kremlin that the head of the corruption committee or the chairman of the Duma committee on education could become the new minister of education.

Criticizing Livanov’s speech at the government hour at the beginning of the year, Nikonov said that in his report the minister ignored real problems that concern pupils, students, scientists and teachers, for example, a decrease in the literacy of young people entering universities, delays in the payment of salaries in the regions . According to him, “after it was forbidden to terrorize businesses, everyone rushed to terrorize schools, kindergartens and universities.”

The resignation could work to increase United Russia's rating, political scientist Abbas is sure. According to him, much depends on the official interpretation of the resignation. “You shouldn’t hope that we dismissed an unpopular minister and that’s enough. The mere fact of resignation indicates not only that the government is cleaning itself up, but also that there are serious problems in the industry. If serious explanatory work is not carried out, then the dominant point of view may become that all reforms of the education system have failed and the authorities are desperately looking for a switchman,” argues Gallyamov.

Meanwhile, Livanov consistently defended the interests of the ministry in terms of financing.

As Gazeta.Ru found out, at the end of July, at one of the meetings with Dmitry Medvedev, the ministry said that in the event of a reduction in funding, a 40% cut would have to be made in 2017. budget places in universities, there will not be enough money for scholarships for students, and by 2019, 10.3 thousand research workers at universities, the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Sciences will remain without work.

During Livanov’s reign, the minister also received criticism from the scientific community, related not only to the reform of the Russian Academy of Sciences. For more than three years now, the media have been constantly reporting scandals related to the written-off dissertations of various officials, but fighters against plagiarism in dissertations were dissatisfied with the ministry’s actions to improve the situation.

Contrary to the requests of Dissernet activists, from January 1, 2014, the statute of limitations for appealing candidate and doctoral dissertations in Russia began to be ten years, while those who defended their dissertation before 2011 now do not have to worry about written off scientific work.

“I want to ask Vasilyeva the following questions: will you fire plagiarizing rectors (more than 70), and if not, why not? Will you disband those dissertation councils that distributed false dissertations (the lists were transferred to the Ministry of Education and Science and the Higher Attestation Commission and published on Dissernet many times)? Will you remove from the expert councils of the Higher Attestation Commission those individuals who contributed to the defense of false dissertations?” - asks the co-founder of Dissernet.

It is known that Olga Vasilyeva moved to the ministerial post from the position of deputy head of the department for public projects presidential administration.

This department is headed and the work of the structure is supervised by the first deputy head of the presidential administration.

Previously, Vasilyeva worked in the government department of culture. In 2013, she gave a closed lecture on patriotism before, Kommersant wrote. At the lecture, the official spoke about the unification of the people under Stalin during the war; this happened, in her opinion, through the popularization of pre-revolutionary Russian history and literature. One of Gazeta.Ru’s sources describes her as the author of 160 articles and eight monographs, coming from a school and scientific background.

According to the source, she interacted with the party in power, gave lectures as part of the “Candidate” project, and her “lectures had shades of moralizing and looked like propaganda.”

At first, the new minister will have to make great efforts to gain support in this environment and prove his effectiveness, the deputy head believes.

Sociologists noted that Livanov is the most unpopular minister and the majority of respondents rate his activities as two points.

Vasilyeva spoke at the All-Russian Youth Educational Forum “Territory of Meanings on Klyazma” at the end of June. According to the forum’s website, her topic was the history of “the formation of the national idea of ​​Russia - from the period of its formation to the present.” “Our country is the only country in the world that, after 1917, in 1991 experienced a second socio-political crisis. Both in the post-revolutionary period before 1934, and in the period from 1991 to 2002, they did not talk about patriotism; the very concepts of patriotism, love for the Fatherland, heroism were eradicated and were absent from the public consciousness,” the official said.

On Klyazma she talked about the patriotism of the heroes of the Second World War. “Vasilieva, as a history teacher, noted the importance of addressing in this education both the biography of individual personalities of the war era, and the heroes of our time, such as, who died on March 17, 2016 while on duty during the battles for the city of Palmyra in Syria, or - a Russian officer who, at the cost of his life, saved the soldiers subordinate to him in the explosion of a live grenade,” says the forum website.

Two different sources of Gazeta.Ru reported that Vasilyeva is a deeply religious person and is personally acquainted with Patriarch Kirill. Vasilyeva holds the position of head of the department of state-confessional relations at RANEPA. Sphere scientific interests Vasilyeva is the history of Russian Orthodox Church in the twentieth century, state-church relations in Soviet period. Total work experience in the field of education is 36 years. Vasilyeva is a doctor historical sciences and a member of the International Association for the History of Religions.

The first deputy chairman of the synodal department of the Moscow Patriarchate for relations between the Church and society and the media said that after the appointment of Olga Vasilyeva to the post of Minister of Education and Science, the dialogue between the state will acquire a “more meaningful” character. “I have no doubt at all that the dialogue will be easier and more productive,” said Shchipkov.

The State Duma Committee on Education greeted the news of Livanov’s resignation positively. Committee member Oleg Smolin added that he knows Olga Vasilyeva well personally

“as a person with a position in defense of Russian education.”

“I understand that the minister is partly a forced person; he is obliged to play by the rules that are proposed to the government team as a whole. But I hope that Olga Yuryevna will use her powers as minister in order to preserve the best that remains in our education system. I hope that the course of educational policy will be, if not changed, then at least significantly adjusted,” the parliamentarian emphasized. He explained that the Communist Party of the Russian Federation hopes, in particular, that under Vasilyeva it will be possible to “initiate changes in the Federal Target Program for the development of education” or at least slow down the rate of reduction in the number of universities - according to , the five-year plan to reduce the number of universities and their branches has already been “exceeded “, and the communists hope that the Ministry of Education will at least slow down. The head of the committee, Vyacheslav Nikonov (United Russia), noted that Livanov and Vasilyeva “ different people": "Livanov is a tough technocratic leader who is used to pushing his decisions through his knees. And Vasilyeva is a man of meaning, a man of dialogue, conversation, who will establish dialogue with the teaching community.”

Dmitry Livanov - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Russian statesman and scientist. From 2012 to 2016 he was the Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. Today we will introduce you to biography of Dmitry Livanov.

Origin

Dmitry Viktorovich Livanov was born on February 15, 1967 in Moscow in the family of aircraft designer Viktor Livanov, who later became the general director of the Design Bureau named after. Tupolev and one of the creators of the famous Il-96-300 aircraft. Dmitry's mother Tatyana Olegovna was a Doctor of Economic Sciences and president of the Titan-Aero aviation company. Her brother Dmitry Rogozin served as Deputy Prime Minister.

Education

Average education Dmitry Livanov received at Moscow school No. 91. He was an excellent student. The only subject in which the future politician did not have an “A” in his certificate was pre-conscription training. In 1990, Dmitry Viktorovich received higher education at the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys (MISiS) at the Faculty of Physics and Chemistry. After graduating from the educational institution with honors, Livanov went to full-time graduate school.

Scientific activity

In 1992, Dmitry defended his dissertation on the topic “Heat Transfer in Superconductors and Normal Metals” and became a candidate of physical and mathematical sciences. Subsequently, the future minister was actively involved in science, studying metals, superconductors, as well as the properties of amorphous and low-dimensional metal systems. Soon Livanov got a job in the synthesis laboratory at the MISiS Institute as a research assistant. Later, Dmitry Viktorovich became an associate professor of the Department of Theoretical Physics and senior researcher.

In 1997, the young scientist defended his doctoral dissertation on the topic “Thermoelectric effect and heat transfer in electronic systems.” In the same year, he became deputy vice-rector of his native university for scientific work. In 2000, Livanov became vice-rector of MISiSA for international cooperation. At the same time, he continued to work at the physics department, but now with the rank of professor.

In parallel with the institute career Dmitry Livanov received a second education in absentia. In 2003, he was awarded a diploma in jurisprudence from the Moscow Law Academy.

Department Director

In 2004 Dmitry Viktorovich Livanov appointed to the position of director of the department of state scientific and technical policy under the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia. He continued to work part-time as a professor at MISiS, only now at the department of non-ferrous metals. Dmitry Viktorovich remained here until 2012.

Secretary of State

In November 2005 Dmitry Livanov Deputy Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Andrei Fursenko was appointed State Secretary. In this post he became widely known. The reason for this was Livanov’s speeches, in which he criticized the draft updated charter of the RAS ( Russian Academy sciences). The newly appointed official believed that everyone state academies it is necessary to adopt another version of the charter, prepared by the Ministry of Education and Science. This document implied, first of all, the division of the academy’s functions into scientific and managerial, and also deprived it of the right to freely manage budget funds.

In addition, the model version of the charter proposed by the Ministry implied the introduction of supervisory boards consisting mainly of government representatives. The RAS did not want to agree to this option, believing that it infringes on the rights of the academy. Activity Dmitry Livanov at the same time they called it an attempt to “collapse fundamental science.”

One way or another, at the end of 2007, the government approved an updated charter written by the Academy of Sciences itself. Nevertheless, due to a number of amendments to the law “On Science,” the RAS lost its full independence. She lost the right to independently approve her president and freely dispose of land property.

While working in the ministry, Dmitry Viktorovich Livanov began to represent the state on the board of directors of the Russian Venture Company. This structure was created after the relevant government decree in order to stimulate the development of the venture investment industry in the Russian Federation. The company was engaged in the purchase of shares of venture funds, the development of innovative economic sectors and the promotion of Russian high-tech products to the international market.

Rector

In April 2007, Dmitry Viktorovich became rector of MISiS. In five years he will be re-elected to this post. At the end of 2008, by decree of Dmitry Medvedev, the educational institution received the status of National Technological research university. Having become the head of the university, Livanov, who always called himself a student of A. Fursenko, began to introduce into the work of the educational institution the standards for the development of science, developed by him in the ministry. Thus, MISiS became one of the innovators in developing an independent university development strategy and transition to a system of master’s and bachelor’s degrees.

Minister

On May 21, 2012, when V. Putin again became the President of the Russian Federation, and D. Medvedev received the post of Prime Minister, the Minister of Education and Science A. Fursenko was replaced by his “student” D. Livanov.

After his appointment, Livanov immediately made a number of high-profile policy statements. He proposed reducing the number of budget places in Russian universities by half and starting to move towards a complete abandonment of free higher education. To finance the training of specialists, the minister proposed using other mechanisms, one of which is an educational loan.

It is worth noting that even before his appointment to a high post, Livanov actively opposed the increase in the number of students in universities, complaining that the overabundance of students casts doubt on the prestige of technical schools and vocational schools. Dmitry Viktorovich believed that universities should switch to standard foreign testing systems, including in English.

At the same time, Livanov continued to show his dissatisfaction with the activities of the Russian Academy of Sciences, demanding its reform. He noted that the Academy of Sciences lags behind universities in the quantity and quality of scientific publications. Commenting on Livanov’s appointment to the post of minister, experts predicted that his conflict with the Russian Academy of Sciences would enter a new phase. The situation was complicated by the fact that the politician had to be responsible for the adoption of the updated law “On Education”, the development of which was carried out under Fursenko.

Rebuke

In September 2012, the president, at a meeting on the draft budget for the next three years, said that he was dissatisfied with the way his instructions were being implemented. In particular, in decrees signed in May 2012, Putin demanded an increase in the salaries of public sector employees, as well as costs for road construction, maintenance of contract military personnel and the need for housing and communal services. These and other decrees were based on Putin's election promises and required more than a trillion rubles from the budget. However, the new budget, on the contrary, implied a reduction in spending on education, culture and health care. Therefore, on September 19, Putin reprimanded Livanov, Govorun (Minister of Regional Development) and Topilin (Minister of Labor).

"Ineffectiveness of universities"

In the fall of 2012, Livanov and his departmental employees published a list of Russian universities with “signs of inefficiency,” for which they were subjected to sharp criticism. This list includes 130 educational institutions Russian Federation, including a number of prestigious Moscow universities, such as Moscow Architectural Institute, Russian State University for the Humanities, them. Gorky and others.

The people who published this list were accused of incompetence, and their methodology for evaluating educational institutions was accused of imperfection. She took into account the number square meters premises per student, but did not take into account such serious aspects as volumes innovative projects, the demand for graduates in the labor market, their level of employment, and so on.

The issue with orphans

At the end of 2012, Ekaterina Lakhovaya, a State Duma deputy from the United Russia party, introduced a law banning the adoption of Russian orphans by American citizens. Livanov sharply criticized this law. In response to this, Lakhova accused him of incompetence and stated that he did not understand the work of his department. Meanwhile, according to the relevant provision, issues of children's rights fall within the competence of the Ministries of Education and Science. In addition, one of the structural divisions of the department is the Department responsible for state policy in the field of protecting children's rights.

Conflict with the Russian Academy of Sciences and a drop in ratings

On March 24, in one of his interviews, he called the Russian Academy of Sciences an organization that is “ineffective and unfriendly to the people who work in it.” In addition, he added that in terms of productivity, the Russian Academy of Sciences is deteriorating. The politician justified his last judgment by the age of the academy’s leaders. Offended by this attitude towards themselves, the latter demanded the resignation of the minister.

In March 2013, VTsIOM conducted a survey, the task of which was to find out the level of trust in the government on the part of the population. The majority of respondents believed that the Minister of Education and Science does the worst job. Livanov's average rating in the survey was 2.6 on a 5-point scale. Nevertheless, already in November of the same year, the minister restored his reputation, taking 63rd place in the ranking of “100 leading Russian politicians” according to the Nezavisimaya Gazeta publication.

In July 2013, Livanov stated that he had no direct connection with the bill on the reform of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which caused a negative reaction in the scientific community. On July 9 of the same year, the Prosecutor General's Office submitted a report to the minister regarding violations related to the implementation of programs to modernize the education system in the regions.

At the beginning of 2016, the Minister of Science and Education received another submission from the prosecutor’s office. This time the reason was violations of the rules of the state data bank on orphans by Livanov’s subordinates.

Reduction in the number of universities

On April 7, 2015, Dmitry Viktorovich said that the ministry under his control plans to reduce the number of lagging universities in the next two years and begin more active support for leading universities. The reduction would mainly affect private educational institutions and those that are branches of state universities.

According to Livanov, the quality of education in such institutions leaves much to be desired and undermines the reputation of Russian higher education. The Minister of Education and Science noted that in 2015 the number of universities in Russia was five times higher than the number in the USSR. The reason for this was the emergence of a huge number of private educational institutions in the 90s. Most of them, according to Livanov, cannot boast of having mechanisms for establishing educational process, qualified employees and other attributes of a good university.

Number of scientists

In September 2015 politician Dmitry Livanov stated that for the first time in the last 15 years the number of scientists in Russia has increased. Due to the loss of funding and interest among young people in science, the field experienced a major setback in the 1990s. As a result, scientists either changed jobs or went abroad. Since then, the negative trend has been gaining momentum. In 2014, the number of Russian scientists beginning grow, which, according to Livanov, indicates the right direction of state policy in the field of science.

On August 19, 2016, Livanov was appointed to the position Special Representative of the President of the Russian Federation for Trade and Economic Relations with Ukraine. He was replaced as Minister of Science and Education by Olga Yuryevna Vasilyeva.

Dmitry Livanov: awards and achievements

In addition to two dissertations, Dmitry Viktorovich has in his track record more than 60 scientific publications, 80% of which were written for foreign publications. He is also the author of the textbook “Physics of Metals,” published in 2006. As a young scientist, Livanov received for one of the cycles scientific works gold medal Russian Academy of Sciences. In 2011, he was awarded a government prize as a representative of the educational sector.

Dmitry Livanov: family

Livanov is married to Mordkovich Olga Anatolyevna, who was born in 1967. In 1989, she graduated from the University of Oil and Gas with a degree in applied mathematics. Since 2004, Olga Anatolyevna has been working at Tele2 as head of the billing department and information technologies. In 2012, Livanova was awarded the IT Leader Award. The couple have three children: two natural and one adopted. As Dmitry Livanov has said many times, children are successfully involved in music and tennis.

Income

According to the anti-corruption declaration, in 2014, Dmitry Livanov, whose biography we reviewed, earned 37.5 million rubles. He is a co-owner of a land plot of 160 m2, as well as the owner of a residential building (49 m2), two apartments (total area - 249 m2), and a garage (20 m2).

August 19 Russian President Vladimir Putin by the proposal Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev Minister of Education Dmitry Livanov. He will become the special representative of the Russian President for trade and economic relations with Ukraine.

An employee of the presidential administration will be appointed as the new head of the Ministry of Education and Science Olga Vasilyeva.

Livanov has served as Minister of Education since 2012. In his post, he was repeatedly criticized for education reform and reduction in the number of schools.

Dossier

Dmitry Viktorovich Livanov born in Moscow on February 15, 1967 in the family of aircraft designer Viktor Livanov, the future general director of the Ilyushin Aviation Design Bureau and one of the creators of the Il-96-300 aircraft. It’s interesting that Livanov Sr.’s second marriage was to his own sister. Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin.

Dmitry Livanov. Photo: RIA Novosti / Maxim Blinov

Education

He studied at Moscow school No. 91, his certificate included “A’s” in all subjects except basic military training.

In 1990, he graduated with honors from the Faculty of Physics and Chemistry of the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys with a degree in metal physics.

In 1990-1992, he studied full-time at MISiS graduate school, while simultaneously working abroad under an experience exchange program.

In 1992 he defended his dissertation for the academic degree candidate of physical and mathematical sciences on the topic “Heat transfer by interacting electrons in superconductors and normal metals.”

In 1997, he defended his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences on the topic “Thermoelectric effect and heat transfer in electronic systems with interaction.”

In 2003 he graduated from Moscow State University in absentia legal academy, having received a diploma in the specialty “jurisprudence” (specialization “Civil Law”).

Professional activity

From 1992 to 2000 - Researcher and senior scientist at the Fusion Laboratory; Associate Professor at the Department of Theoretical Physics at MISiS.

From 2000 to 2004 - Vice-Rector for International Cooperation; Professor of the Department of Theoretical Physics at MISiS.

From 2004 to 2005 - Director of the Department of State Scientific, Technical and Innovation Policy of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation.

From November 2005 to March 2007 he was Secretary of State - Deputy Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Andrey Fursenko.

In April 2007, he was elected rector of MISiS and was re-elected to this post in February 2012.

On May 21, 2012, after the inauguration of Vladimir Putin, who was elected for a third term as President of Russia, and the appointment of Medvedev as Prime Minister, Livanov replaced Fursenko as Minister of Education and Science in the new government of the Russian Federation.

Among his high-profile statements were a proposal to halve the number of budget places in universities and a gradual abandonment of free higher education, the transition of universities to standard foreign testing systems, and further reform of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

September 19, 2012 President Vladimir Putin reprimanded Livanov for untimely implementation of the instructions of the head of state. A year later, on October 1, 2013, Vladimir Putin lifted the disciplinary sanction, thereby annulling his decree.

Awards and titles

Awarded the RAS gold medal for young scientists (2000).

Laureate of the 2011 Russian Federation Government Prize in the field of education.

Family status

Married. Wife - Mordkovich Olga Anatolyevna, born June 15, 1967, graduated from Russian University in 1989 State University oil and gas named after I.M. Gubkin with a degree in applied mathematics, then received an MBA degree from the Moscow International higher school business "MIRBIS", in 2004 headed the billing and IT department at the mobile operator Tele2 Russia.

The family has two children and one adopted son.