In the 70s of the twentieth century, the norm of upper arterial pressure was calculated according to the formula 100 + the age of the subject. Since then, medicine has made a huge leap forward, but the controversy over optimal blood pressure, how to measure it and how to treat hypertension has not subsided. However, it is known for certain that high blood pressure can cause a heart attack, stroke, visual impairment, and even dementia. We've put together 15 important facts about high blood pressure that could save your life.
1. Not everyone is affected by hypertension, but blood pressure rises with age.
Heredity is one of the significant factors in the development arterial hypertension, and "good" genes combined with a healthy lifestyle can protect a person from hypertension. However, starting from the age of 40, the level of systolic (upper) pressure inevitably increases. This is because with age, the vessels lose their elasticity and harden (atherosclerosis develops). To slow down this process, doctors recommend eating more whole grains, dairy products, fish, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. But with red meat, sugar and soda, you should be careful.
2. High blood pressure may not have symptoms.
High blood pressure is not always accompanied by headache, tinnitus, shortness of breath and dizziness. Sometimes the only way to detect a hypertensive crisis is to measure the pressure. As a rule, the pressure drops at night and rises in the morning, but this is not the case for all patients. That is why the gold standard for diagnosing hypertension is daily monitoring of blood pressure. A special device measures the pressure 3-4 times per hour during the day and every 30 minutes at night. This method allows doctors to detect hidden "day" and "night" hypertensive patients. The cost of services in Ukrainian clinics - from 1100 UAH.
3. People over 50 should monitor their upper blood pressure
Upper systolic pressure is the blood pressure when the heart muscle contracts. Lower diastolic pressure is the pressure between beats when blood flows back to the heart. The top number is the most important because it measures the peak stress that the arteries and vital organs experience with each heartbeat. Too high top pressure can harm the kidneys, eyes, and brain, but lower blood pressure usually peaks at age 50-55, after which it gradually falls.
4. Experts Don't Know What Ideal Top Pressure Should Be
Researchers are still debating the optimal upper blood pressure readings for people over 50 years of age. Until recently, pressure up to 140 mmHg was considered the norm, but recently more than 9,300 patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease showed that maintaining upper pressure at up to 120 mmHg, patients reduce the risk of heart failure, myocardial infarction and stroke by a third within five years.
5. Safe blood pressure will be determined by a doctor
For people at low risk for cardiovascular disease, more high level systolic pressure may be acceptable. The same indicators can become critical for patients who have already been diagnosed with vascular atherosclerosis or coronary heart disease. That is why, when choosing medicines, you should not listen to the advice of friends and acquaintances: only a doctor can choose the optimal drug and dosage for you.
6. A healthy lifestyle reduces blood pressure like pills
Moderate salt intake a large number of vegetables and fruits in the diet, physical activity and weight loss can reduce systolic pressure by 5-10 points, therefore, with moderately high blood pressure, you may not need medication: just change your lifestyle to a healthier one.
7. Coffee raises blood pressure, but not for long
A small cup of coffee can really cause a jump in blood pressure. In 2011, scientists reported in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition that 200-300 mg of caffeine increased systolic blood pressure by an average of 8 points. The effect lasts about 3 hours, but does not have a long-term negative effect.
8. Deep calm breathing will help reduce pressure.
If you slow your breathing down to 6 breaths in 30 seconds, your systolic blood pressure will temporarily drop by 3 points. Let this be a little, but in some cases this method helps a person to avoid a hypertensive crisis.
9. The older you get, the more careful you need to be with salt.
Not all people are sensitive to salt. With age, a person's taste buds may become dull, and he involuntarily chooses more salty foods. A lot of salt is found in processed foods, so people over the age of 50 should carefully read information about the sodium content of foods. When adding salt to food, keep in mind that a quarter teaspoon of salt contains 575 mg of sodium, and for people over 50, the recommended daily intake is 1500 mg of sodium.
10. Wrist band exercises can help relieve pressure.
Carpal expander exercises have been recognized as an effective alternative way to lower blood pressure by several points. All you need to do is squeeze the expander for 2 minutes. Performing such exercises three times a week, it will be easier for hypertensive patients to control the level of blood pressure.
11. Modern drugs for hypertension are not always better than traditional ones.
Doctors usually begin treatment of hypertension by prescribing diuretics. They remove excess salt and water from the body, reduce the load on blood vessels. More modern drugs are called ACE inhibitors: they inhibit the action of an enzyme that converts the biologically inactive hormone angiotensin I into angiotensin II, which constricts blood vessels and increases blood pressure. So far, there is no evidence that ACE inhibitors are superior to diuretics in terms of effectiveness. However, they often have fewer side effects and are better for patients with diabetes.
12. For most patients, high blood pressure medication alone is not enough.
One drug, as a rule, is able to effectively lower the pressure in only 20-30% of hypertensive patients. The rest are prescribed combination therapy - several drugs at the same time. This approach allows you to block several factors that increase blood pressure at once.
13. Over-the-counter drugs can raise blood pressure.
Some over-the-counter medications contain pseudoephedrine, which narrows blood vessels and raises blood pressure. These drugs include Gripex, Gripend, Clarinase, Mulsinex, Nurofen Stopkold, Tylenol, etc. Pseudoephedrine can raise your upper blood pressure by 3-6 points, so check with your cardiologist before taking these medications.
14. Blood pressure can drop too low.
When blood pressure becomes too weak to pump blood to the brain, orthostatic hypotension develops. Elderly people who take a large number of medications are especially susceptible to this condition. If you experience weakness and dizziness after taking the tablets, be sure to tell your doctor about this: you may need to change your prescription.
15. You need to control your blood pressure all your life.
Having normalized blood pressure after a hypertensive crisis, many people quit pills. But as soon as the hypertensive patient stops treatment, his blood pressure will go up again. Since systolic blood pressure usually increases with age, it is important to monitor it regularly. Also, most people with high blood pressure need to adjust their medications periodically.
Did you know that the atmosphere the globe is 5 trillion 300 billion (5,300,000,000,000,000) tons? In order to make it easier to understand this unimaginable number, it should be explained with an example. Such a cargo could be transferred from Moscow to St. Petersburg in only 4 billion years, provided that the cargo would be transported on trains with 100 wagons, and the journey of one train was 10 hours.
The North Pole is colder than the South. Quite a popular stereotype among the "people". Firstly, the South Pole is heated by the sun for about 7 days longer than the South. Secondly, the North Pole is located at an altitude of about 3 kilometers above sea level, while the South Pole is directly above its level. Thirdly, the warm Gulf Stream is located near the North Pole, in addition, the North Pole is surrounded on all sides by continents, which also affects the heat. As a result, we can assume that all statements that the South Pole is warmer than the North Pole can be considered erroneous.
“Earth and air cannot exist separately. Imagine a situation where earth atmosphere does not move with the Earth. As a result, a person could simply rise briefly into the air, without going anywhere, and descend, as a result, a person would end up in a completely different place, because the Earth would have already moved. Thus, humanity would not be able to travel.
– Atmospheric precipitation affects not only people, but also animals. For example, on the Pacific coast of America, in the Atacama Desert, a maximum of 8 mm of precipitation falls per year, which is quite small for this area. Because of such weather, not only in the desert there are a lot of animal deaths, but also their corpses. Dryness does not allow them to quickly rot, as a result of which corpses can easily lie on the ground for decades.
- People who saw a thunderstorm in Egypt can rightly consider themselves lucky. People in this country wildly rejoice at such a phenomenon, because a thunderstorm can be a maximum of once in 200 years.
– The energy of the sun activates a strong thermal “machine”, which overcomes the force of gravity, thanks to which this “machine” easily lifts into the atmosphere more than 500 thousand kilometers of water per cube from the whole globe. And 411,000³ kilometers rises into the atmosphere exclusively from the surface of the ocean.
– Despite the fact that most people have a negative attitude towards the appearance of lightning in the sky, it is beneficial for the soil. Lightning manages to capture several million tons of nitrogen in the air, and later send them to the ground. Thanks to this, your cereals in the ground can grow faster and your crops become richer.
- The direction of the wind, and later the speed, people learned to determine about 2000 years ago. The device that the ancient inhabitants of the world used is called the "Weather Vane". The weather vane was invented in the East, but after its creation, it quickly appeared in Europe. In each country, the weather vane looked different. Somewhere he was depicted as a dragon, somewhere as a tiger. Later, the weather vane became not only a device for obtaining wind direction, but also an ornament. For example, in European cities of the Middle Ages, it was often installed on tall buildings. In most cases, he was depicted as a rooster. The people nicknamed the weather vane "the cock of the weather." Since the weather changed very often along with the direction of the wind. It was installed on hills for the reason that ordinary people passing through the city could see it from a distance and learn about possible weather changes. 
– The Ustyurt Plateau is known throughout Kazakhstan. And the thing is that in this place there is a rather old well, which, as the locals themselves say, can predict the weather. The fact is that if any precipitation is soon foreshadowed: rain, snow, and maybe fog, then the well draws air into itself. If the weather is dry and sunny, then it pushes the air out. In order for the inhabitants to determine whether it draws in air or, on the contrary, pushes it out, you just need to throw some thing into the well, if it flies back, then the weather will be dry, otherwise precipitation should be expected. Such a well was even beautifully equipped with limestone slabs. He is rightfully considered natural phenomenon, and the inhabitants themselves declare that the ancient well has not been mistaken in its predictions more than once.
- Many do not even realize how much money the price of the Earth's atmosphere costs. Scientists have determined that its approximate cost is 4.3 septillion. One septillion is 1000 to the fifth power of dollars. 
– Every day, 100 tons of relatively small meteorites, consisting of dust fragments, fall into the atmosphere of our planet. The percentage that at least one piece of a meteorite, even small by our standards, will fall to Earth is extremely small, and scientists have the opportunity to find out about this long before its fall.
- The Hoba meteorite is one of the most famous, since it fell to our Earth. He managed to pass through the atmosphere for the reason that he was completely flat on each side. As a result, its passage through the atmosphere can be compared to the fall of a stone through water.
Before oxygen appeared in the atmosphere of our planet, bacteria already existed on Earth. Their approximate appearance is 3.5 million years ago. There was no oxygen back then. 
- At absolutely any time of the year, about 8,600,000 lightning strikes the Earth daily
- A certain Encyclopedia Britannica spoke about the fact that clouds are able to "return" rain to the earth. The point is this. The energy of the sun directly affects the evaporation of water from the land and from the body of water. Much, in turn, depends on the energy of the sun: the scheme of the circulation of moisture in the air, the level of evaporation and the amount of precipitation, ocean currents. Evaporation will be higher than the level of precipitation over the ocean, and the wind will carry water vapor over the earth, in the future, water vapor, that is, precipitation, will fall out, that is, return to the earth. The expression "bring rain back to earth" may not be the most accurate, however, theoretically, this is exactly what happens.
The Earth's atmosphere is one of the most protective and therefore the most important components of our planet. Sheltering us from harsh conditions outer space, such as solar radiation and space debris, the atmosphere is a complex structure.
Although we do not do justice to it in our everyday life, the attention of the whole world was riveted on the layers of the atmosphere in 2013, when the Austrian skydiver Felix Baumgartner (Felix Baumgartner) reached the stratosphere in a capsule, rising to a height of 37 km above the Earth's surface, and made a jump . His record-breaking, astounding freefall sparked a new wave of interest in space travel and atmospheric physics.
In our today's list, we will introduce you to facts about the Earth's atmosphere that are known to a few, but should become widely known, as they are very important for understanding the world around us.
We will tell you how the ozone layer was formed, how deserts form in the middle latitudes, why planes leave a white trail behind them, and much more. So put things aside for a while and check out these 25 facts about the Earth's atmosphere that are truly awesome!
25. Believe it or not, the sky is actually purple. As sunlight passes through the atmosphere, air and water particles absorb, reflect, and scatter it before we can see it.
Since the scattering prefers shorter wavelengths of light, the violet color is most strongly diffused. We think we see blue sky and not purple because our eyes are more sensitive to blue.
24. As you probably know from school, our atmosphere is almost 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and a tiny percentage of argon, carbon dioxide, neon, helium, and other gases. What you most likely didn't learn in school is that our atmosphere is the only one (aside from the magnificent discovery on comet 67P) that contains free oxygen.
Because oxygen is a highly reactive gas, it often interacts with other chemicals in space. Its pure form on Earth makes our planet habitable and therefore is the subject of a search for life on other planets.
23. Most people will probably misunderstand this question: where is more water - in the clouds or in a clear sky?
Although many people think that clouds are the main "storage" because that's where the rain comes from, most of the water is in our atmosphere in the form of invisible water vapour. For this reason, more sweat appears on our body when the level of water vapor in the air, known as humidity, rises.
22. Some skeptics in question global warming claim that this phenomenon is unrealistic, as it is getting colder in their cities. The Earth's global climate is a combination of a wide variety of regional climatic conditions. Therefore, even if warming is observed in some parts of the planet, cooling is observed in others, and in general, the average global climate is rapidly warming up.
21. Have you ever wondered why a plane flying in the sky leaves a white trail behind it? These white trails, known as contrails or contrails, are formed when hot, moist exhaust gases from an aircraft engine mix with colder outside air. Water vapor from the exhaust freezes and becomes visible - just like our warm breath in cold weather.
A weak and rapidly disappearing contrail means that the air on this high altitude has low humidity, which is a sign of good weather. A saturated and persistent contrail indicates high humidity and may indicate a thunderstorm is approaching.
20. The atmosphere of the Earth consists of five main layers, thanks to which life is possible on our planet. The first layer, the troposphere, extends from sea level to 8 km in polar and 18 km in tropical latitudes. Most weather events occur in this layer due to the mixture of warm air that rises and falls to form clouds and wind.
19. The next layer is the stratosphere, reaching almost 50 km above sea level. Here is the ozone layer, which protects us from dangerous ultraviolet rays. Although the stratosphere is higher than the troposphere, this layer may actually be warmer due to the absorbed energy from the sun's rays.
18. The mesosphere is the middle of the five layers, extending up to 80-90 km above the Earth's surface, the temperature in which fluctuates around -118°C. Most meteorites entering our atmosphere burn up in the mesosphere.
17. Following the mesosphere comes the thermosphere, which extends up to 800 km above the Earth's surface. Within this layer lie the main regions of the ionosphere. Most of the satellites, as well as the International space station are in the thermosphere.
16. Exosphere - the fifth and uppermost, outer layer of the atmosphere, which becomes rarer and rarer as it moves away from the Earth's surface, until it passes into the near space vacuum (until it mixes with interplanetary space). It begins at an altitude of 700 km above the Earth's surface.
The most exciting thing is that the size of this layer can increase or decrease depending on solar activity. When the Sun is calm and does not compress the layer during solar storms, the outer part of the exosphere can extend to a distance of 1000-10000 km from the Earth's surface.
15. Trade winds blow in the warmest parts of our planet, approximately between 23 ° N. latitude. and 23° S That is why most monsoons and thunderstorms are born in these unstable regions.
Beyond them there is no such strong wind. Accordingly, the minimum humidity from the oceans falls on the mainland, and dry air easily sinks to the surface of the planet, often leading to the formation vast territories waterless deserts.
14. Most jet planes and weather balloons fly in the stratosphere. Jet planes at this altitude, with less gravity and friction, can fly faster, and weather balloons can get a better idea of the storms that form lower in the troposphere.
13. Our planet has probably lost its atmosphere several times. When the Earth was covered in magma oceans, massive Earth-like interstellar objects crashed into it. These impacts (also involved in the creation of our Moon) could be responsible for the first attempts at forming the Earth's atmosphere.
12. Without various gases in its atmosphere, our planet would be too cold for human existence. water vapor, carbon dioxide and other atmospheric gases absorb solar heat, spreading it over the surface of the planet, thereby creating a climate suitable for life.
Scientists are concerned that if too many heat-absorbing gases enter the atmosphere, Greenhouse effect will increase, getting out of control and creating a scorching, uninhabitable environment, as seen on Venus.
11. Samples atmospheric air, taken after Hurricane Carla swept over the Caribbean in 2010, showed that up to 25% of the bacteria found in it were associated with or were the same as those present in feces. Many of these bacteria, when present in the atmosphere, can collect into droplets and fall to Earth as rain. Scientists are looking at these bacteria as a possible mode of disease transmission.
10. Our notorious (and much-needed) ozone layer was formed when oxygen atoms mixed with ultraviolet solar radiation to create ozone (O3). Ozone molecules absorb most of the harmful solar radiation, preventing it from reaching us.
Despite its importance, the ozone layer was formed relatively recently - after enough life appeared in our oceans to release the amount of oxygen needed to create it.
9. The ionosphere gets its name because high-energy particles from space and our Sun help form ions that create a soft, electrical layer around the planet. This layer helped reflect radio waves until satellites were launched.
8. Acid rain, which destroys entire forests and devastates aquatic ecosystems, forms in the atmosphere when particles of sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxide mix with water vapor and fall to Earth as rain.
Both of these chemical compounds are also found in nature: sulfur dioxide is released during volcanic eruptions, and nitric oxide is produced by electrical lightning discharges.
7. Although air pressure decreases with increasing altitude, it can vary widely at the same place on the Earth. As the Sun heats the earth, the surrounding air also heats up, which rises to become a low pressure point.
As objects move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure, air near the high pressure begins to rush in to equalize the pressure.
6. Lightning is such a powerful force that just one lightning strike can heat the surrounding air up to 30,000°C. As an electrical explosion, a lightning discharge produces a shock wave that, over long distances, degenerates into a sound wave, which we call thunder.
5. Although the wind we feel on the surface of the Earth often comes from the north and south poles, in fact it forms around the equator.
Since sunlight heats the equator and nearby latitudes more, the most heating occurs here. ( Sun rays, of course, they also reach the poles, although this happens at an angle and is not so active.) The heated equatorial air rises high into the atmosphere and moves towards the poles, where it descends and returns back to the equator.
4. The aurora borealis and aurora borealis, visible at high northern and southern latitudes, are caused by the reaction of ions occurring in the fourth layer of our atmosphere - the thermosphere.
When highly charged solar wind particles collide with air molecules above our magnetic poles, they glow and create magnificent light shows that are visible from both Earth and space.
3. Skydiver Felix Baumgartner made history by
1. Lightning is useful. In their "lightning" flight, they manage to grab millions of tons of nitrogen from the air, "bind" it and send it to the ground. This free fertilizer enriches the soil in which cereals grow.
2. The atmosphere of the globe weighs 5,300,000,000,000,000 tons. If, for example, it were necessary to transport a load equal to the weight of the earth's atmosphere from Moscow to Leningrad, and if each train had 100 wagons and traveled all the way in 10 hours, then it would take almost 4 billion years to transport this load.
3. Earth and air are inseparable. If the Earth's atmosphere did not move with the Earth, then many trips would be quite easy to make. It would be enough to rise above earth's surface in a balloon and descend when the desired area of the Earth is under the balloon.
4. The North Pole is warmer than the South. The North Pole is at sea level, the South - at an altitude of over 3 kilometers from sea level. The North Pole is surrounded on all sides by continents, which in summer give a lot of heat; a branch of the warm Gulf Stream approaches the North Pole; The North Pole is illuminated by the sun almost a full day longer than the South Pole.
5. In the Atacama Desert on the Pacific coast of America, no more than 8 millimeters of precipitation falls annually; because of the dryness, the corpses of dead animals dry up there and do not rot for thirty years.
6. Overcoming the force of gravity, a powerful thermal "machine", set in motion by the energy of the Sun, annually lifts 511 thousand cubic kilometers of water from the surface of the entire globe into the atmosphere. 411 thousand cubic kilometers rise from the surface of the ocean alone.
7. A thunderstorm in Egypt happens only once every 200 years.
8. The weather vane is believed to be one of the most ancient meteorological instruments. About two thousand years ago, the idea of a "windsock" device was brought from the East to Europe. In ancient Japan and China, the weather vane looked like a dragon. In medieval European cities, it became customary to decorate the spiers of tall buildings with a weather vane depicting a rooster. These instruments were called "weather cocks" because a change in the wind was often followed by a change in the weather.
9. An ancient masonry well, "predicting" the weather, is available on the Ustyurt Plateau, in Kazakhstan. Before rain, fog or snowfall, it draws in air, and on a fine, dry sunny day, on the contrary, it pushes it out. If at this moment you throw a hat into the well, it will fly back before reaching the water. The well-phenomenon, lined with dug limestone slabs, serves as a natural barometer for the Guryev shepherds. He regularly notifies them of the approaching bad weather.
The biggest mirage
The largest mirage was observed in the Arctic at 83°N. and 103°W Donald B. Macmillan in 1913. This mirage, called Fata Morgana, consisted of images of "hills, valleys, forested peaks, spreading 120 ° along the horizon", which 6 years earlier the American explorer R. Peary mistakenly took for the Earth Crocker. On July 17, 1939, a mirage of Mount Spaifells-Jokul (1437m) in Iceland was observed at sea at a distance of 539-563 km.
auroras
They are caused by discharges of electrically charged solar particles in the upper atmosphere and are most often observed at high latitudes. Auroras can occur at certain times on a cloudless dark night in polar regions within 67° geomagnetic latitude. The upper limit of the auroras passes at an altitude of 1000 km, while the lower limit drops to 72.5 km.
Lowest latitudes
The rarest cases of the appearance of auroras at very low latitudes were recorded in Cusco, Peru (August 2, 1744), Honolulu Hawaii (September 1, 1859)
Noctilucent clouds reflect sunlight long after sunset. This is due to the fact that they are at a very high altitude. They are thought to be composed of ice crystals or meteor dust at altitudes of about 85 km.
eclipses
Maximum possible duration solar eclipse equals 7 min. 31 p.
The longest eclipse (7 min 8 s), the duration of which was measured, was observed in the Philippines on June 20, 1955. An eclipse with a duration of 7 minutes 29 seconds should occur on July 16, 2186 in the center of the Atlantic. This will be the longest eclipse in 1469 years.
An annular eclipse can last 12 minutes 24 seconds.
The total duration of any lunar eclipse in a year can be 104 minutes.
Most and least frequent.
The largest possible number of eclipses in a year is 7, as was the case in 1935, when there were 5 solar and 2 lunar eclipses. In 1982 there were 4 solar and 3 lunar eclipses.
The minimum possible number of eclipses per year is 2 both solar, as was the case in 1944 and 1969.
Atmosphere pressure.
The highest atmospheric pressure is 815 mm. rt. Art. (or 1133 mb.) was registered on December 12, 1968 in the village. Akapa (Siberia, Russia).
The lowest pressure in the world (870 hPa) was recorded 482 km west of the island of Guam, Pacific Ocean, at 16 44 north latitude. and 137 46 east October 12, 1979
During Hurricane Jimber pacific ocean On September 12, 1988, an atmospheric pressure (at sea level) of 645 mmHg was recorded. (or 860 mb.)
The lowest temperature (-143°C) was recorded at an altitude of 80.5-96.5 km during a night observation of clouds over Kronogard, Sweden, from July 27 to August 7, 1963.
Cloud height.
Cirrus clouds are usually found at an altitude of 8250 m and above. However, the height of rare noctilucent clouds reaches 240,000 m. Cirrus clouds at an altitude of 8075 m contain unfrozen supercooled water, the temperature of which is -35 ° C.
The lowest are stratus clouds - their height is 1066 m and below. The thickest clouds are tropical rain clouds with a vertical front thickness of up to 20,000 m.
The windiest place
The Commonwealth Sea off the coast of George V in Antarctica is the windiest place in the world, with wind speeds of up to 320 km/h.
The strongest wind on earth
A wind speed of 371 km/h was recorded on Mount Washington (1916m above sea level), New Hampshire, USA on April 12, 1934. The record wind speed (333 km/h) on the plain (44 m above sea level) was recorded March 8, 1972 at Tula Air Force Base, Greenland.
The highest wind speed in a tornado (459 km / h) was recorded in Wichita Falls, Texas, USA on April 2, 1958.
The most destructive cyclone
On November 12, 1970, winds reaching speeds of 240 km/h and a tidal wave 15 m high hit the coast, the Ganges delta and the offshore islands of Bhoda, Khatia, Kukri-Mukri, Manpura and Rabnabad (East Pakistan, now Bangladesh), in between 300,000 and 500,000 people died as a result.
Greatest tornado casualties. On April 26, 1989, a tornado hit the city of Shaturia, Bangladesh. Approximately 1,300 people lost their lives, more than 50,000 were left homeless.
Maximum property damage caused by a tornado. The giant whirlwinds that hit the states of Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio, USA, in April 1985, killed 271 people, injured several thousand more, and caused more than $400 million in damage.
Most big number left homeless by the typhoon. Typhoon Ike, in which the wind speed reached 220 km / h, flew into the Philippines on September 2, 1985. 1363 people were killed, another 300 were injured, and 1.12 million people were left homeless.
The largest number of deaths from a typhoon. About 10,000 people died on September 18, 1906, when a devastating typhoon with wind speeds of 161 km/h hit Hong Kong.
The most tragic consequences of the monsoon. The monsoon that ravaged Thailand in 1983 killed about 10,000 people and caused $396 million in damage. After that, almost 100,000 contracted monsoon-borne diseases and about 15,000 people had to be evacuated.
Waterspout.
The highest waterspout, information about which is reliable, was observed on May 16, 1898 near Eden, New State South Wales, Australia. With the help of a theodolite, its height was determined - 1528m. Its diameter was 3 m.
"Atmospheric air pressure" - Fill the glass halfway with water, cover with a sheet of paper and turn over. Water does not pour out. How do we drink? The figure shows a liver device for sampling various liquids. When the top hole is opened, liquid begins to flow out of the liver. Pump operation. Automatic drinker for birds. Why, in fact, the liquid rushes into our mouths?
"Atmospheric pressure grade 7" - Thank you for your attention. The air envelope of the Earth is called the atmosphere. Various measurement methods. Students. Mercury barometer. Only planet Earth has an air atmosphere. Atmosphere pressure. Barometer. Atmospheric pressure at various altitudes. Types of aneroid barometers.
"Live barometers" - It is known, for example, that bacteria react to solar activity. Let's walk up the ladder of sentient beings and see who is capable of what. The flight of dragonflies can tell a lot about the state of the weather. Bees stop flying for nectar to flowers, sit in a hive and buzz. Grasshoppers can report good weather.
"Air pressure" - At low altitudes, every 12m of ascent reduces atmospheric pressure by 11 mm Hg. Consolidation. According to Pascal's calculations, the Earth's atmosphere weighs as much as a copper ball with a diameter of 10 km would weigh - five quadrillion (5000000000000000) tons! . Why water from an overturned bottle pours out jerkily, with a gurgle, and flows out of a rubber medical heating pad in an even continuous stream.
"Thermometer and barometer" - For example, infrared body temperature meters. The liquid barometer is filled with mercury or light liquids (oils, glycerin). Electronic barometer. Infrared thermometers. Liquid thermometers. Aneroid is a device for measuring atmospheric pressure, a type of barometer that operates without the aid of a liquid.
"Atmospheric pressure and altitude" - Aneroid barometer. The liver is lowered into the liquid, the upper opening is closed and removed from the liquid. 6. Autodrinker for birds. Organizing time: greeting, goal setting and lesson motivation. Change the water once a week in the summer and once a fortnight in the winter. The pressure under the suction cup will become less than atmospheric pressure.
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