Theory for exam assignments in chemistry. Unified State Exam. Chemistry. Full course A, B, C. Independent preparation for the Unified State Exam. Lidin R.A

It is no secret that competent and systematic preparation for the Unified State Exam is the key to obtaining the coveted high scores, which serve as a passport to adulthood, to a dream, which the online preparation center for the Unified State Exam "Novisse" will help you get closer to. It stands out among other similar organizations due to its simplicity, academic excellence and competence of teaching...

It is no secret that competent and systematic preparation for the Unified State Exam is the key to obtaining the coveted high scores, which serve as a passport to adulthood, to a dream, which the online preparation center for the Unified State Exam "Novisse" will help you get closer to. It stands out among other similar organizations due to its simplicity, academic excellence and the competence of its teachers; educational material no longer seems like a terrible “vinaigrette” of terms, rules and exceptions, especially when it is presented by a person who is himself interested in the subject and who is easily able to inspire the student to be productive. High-quality presentations are quickly remembered and built in the head into a coherent series of knowledge, and selected practical tasks will help you get better at solving exam questions. This format of video lectures is convenient for busy graduates from different cities who are aimed at achieving a worthy result of their efforts. I am grateful to "Novisse" for quality training for the Unified State Exam, charismatic qualified teachers and new amazing discoveries! Study, you can't procrastinate!

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Honestly, I really enjoy your webinars! Firstly, everything is clearly explained. No unnecessary information is given. Secondly, I am glad that after each lesson there is practice. Thirdly, a very convenient time and day was chosen! Well, fourthly, the teacher is very good! Reading the biography, I can confidently trust this...

Honestly, I really enjoy your webinars! Firstly, everything is clearly explained. No unnecessary information is given. Secondly, I am glad that after each lesson there is practice. Thirdly, a very convenient time and day was chosen! Well, fourthly, the teacher is very good! Reading the biography, I can confidently trust this teacher. I would like to say thank you for conducting such interesting and useful classes! And I am sure that thanks to your classes I will be able to score high scores!

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Very cool webinar😍 I really liked it. And the teacher is wonderful, I understand perfectly😊I will continue to study with you:)

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Thanks to the Russian language master group!:* ❤ Before the class with you, I didn’t know Russian at all: (it was so hard for me to understand the tasks, I didn’t know or understand anything, but thanks to the wonderful teacher Tatyana Nikolaevna, I understood one thing! That I can pass Russian for a prestigious score ❤ guys who are reading now, hurry up and take notes...

Thanks to the Russian language master group!:* ❤ Before the class with you, I didn’t know Russian at all: (it was so hard for me to understand the tasks, I didn’t know or understand anything, but thanks to the wonderful teacher Tatyana Nikolaevna, I understood one thing! That I can pass Russian for a prestigious score ❤ guys who are reading now, hurry up and sign up ❤ ❤ ❤ hurry up and start preparing with professionals! After all, education is the main thing you should strive for ❤ :)

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I prepared for social studies together with the Novisse portal. I would like to say to Irina Vitalievna for her professional individual approach to training, I was completely satisfied with them! The courses from Novisse were very intense, thanks to them I repeated the most complex topics, there was nothing superfluous) It is worth noting that in addition to webinars, information...

I prepared for social studies together with the Novisse portal. I would like to say to Irina Vitalievna for her professional individual approach to training, I was completely satisfied with them! The courses from Novisse were very rich, thanks to them I repeated the most difficult topics, there was nothing superfluous) It is worth noting that apart from webinars, there was absolutely no information on the subject. As a result, 76 points. Very good result! Thank you very much;)

■ Is there a guarantee that after classes with you we will pass the Unified State Exam in Chemistry with the required score?

More than 95% graduates who completed a full year's course of study with me and regularly completed their homework, entered the chosen university. Students who took test exams in September by 20-30 points, in May they showed results above 80! Your achievements will depend on you: if you are willing to work hard, success will come!

■ We are moving to 11th grade, our knowledge of chemistry is zero. Is it too late or is there still a chance to enroll?

There's definitely a chance! I’ll tell you a secret: 80% of the applicants whom I will begin preparing for the Unified State Exam in Chemistry in September will study in the group for beginners. These are the statistics: 80% of eleventh graders learned virtually nothing from school chemistry lessons. But the same statistics say that most of them will successfully pass the Unified State Exam and enter the university of their dreams. The main thing is to study seriously!

■ Is preparing for the Unified State Exam in Chemistry very difficult?

First of all, it's very interesting! My main task is to change the school idea of ​​chemistry as boring, confusing, of little use in real life science. Yes, the student will have to work during class. Yes, he will have to do extensive homework. But if you can get him interested in chemistry, this work will be a joy!

■ According to what textbooks you are working?

Mainly on our own. I have been polishing my own system of preparing for the Unified State Exam for more than 10 years, and over the years it has proven its effectiveness. You don't need to worry about buying educational literature - I will provide you with everything you need. For free!

■ How (technically) can I sign up for your classes?

Very simple!

  1. Call me on: 8-903-280-81-91 . You can call any day until 23.00.
  2. We will arrange a first meeting for preliminary testing and to determine the level of the group.
  3. You choose the lesson time and group size that is convenient for you (individual lessons, pair lessons, mini-groups).
  4. That's it, work begins at the appointed time.

Good luck!

Or you can simply use it on this site.

■ How effective is group learning? Isn't it better to choose the format of individual lessons?

Classes in groups are the most acceptable in terms of price-quality ratio. The question of their effectiveness is a question of: 1) the qualifications of the tutor, 2) the number of students in the group, 3) the correct selection of the group composition.

Parents’ concerns are understandable: the phrase “group classes” brings to mind school classes, in which 30 - 35 children with different levels training and, to put it mildly, different levels of intelligence.

A qualified tutor will not allow anything like this. First of all, I follow the sacred rule: “No more than 5 people in a group!” In my opinion this is maximum amount people, which can be taken into account Individual characteristics every student. A more numerous composition is “in-line production”.

Secondly, everyone who begins preparing for the Unified State Exam undergoes mandatory testing. Groups are formed from students with approximately the same level of knowledge. The situation in which one person in the group perceives the material, and the rest are simply bored, is excluded! All participants will receive equal attention and we will ensure that ALL students fully understand each topic!

■ But are individual lessons still possible?

Of course they are possible! Call me (8-903-280-81-91) - we will discuss which option will be best for you.

■ Do you go to students’ homes?

Yes, I'm leaving. To any district of Moscow (including areas beyond the Moscow Ring Road) and to the near Moscow region. Moreover, not only individual but also group classes can be conducted at students’ homes.

■ And we live far from Moscow. What to do?

Study remotely. Skype is ours best helper. Distance classes no different from face-to-face: the same methodology, the same educational materials. My login: repetitor2000. Contact us! Let's do a trial lesson and see how simple it is!

■ Is it possible to start preparing for the Unified State Exam in 10th grade?

Of course you can! And not only is it possible, but it is also recommended. Imagine that at the end of 10th grade a student is almost ready for the Unified State Exam. If there are any problems left, there will be time in 11th grade to correct them. If everything goes well, 11th grade can be devoted to preparing for the chemistry Olympiads (and a decent performance at the Lomonosov Olympiad, for example, practically guarantees admission to leading universities, including Moscow State University). The sooner you start practicing, the greater your chances of success.

■ We are interested not only in preparing for the Unified State Exam in chemistry, but also in biology. Can you help?

I don't teach biology, but I can recommend you a qualified tutor in this subject. The Unified State Exam in Biology is much easier than the Unified State Exam in Chemistry, but, of course, you also need to prepare seriously for this exam.

■ We will not be able to start classes in September. Is it possible to join the group a little later?

Such issues are resolved individually. If there is free space, if the rest of the group does not object, and if testing shows that your level of knowledge corresponds to the level of the group, I will gladly accept you. Call me (8-903-280-81-91), we will discuss your situation.

■ How much will the Unified State Examination 2019 in chemistry differ from the Unified State Examination 2018?

Changes are planned, but they are not structural, but rather cosmetic. If in 10th grade you have already studied in one of my groups and completed the full course of preparation for the Unified State Exam, there is not the slightest need to take it again: you have all the necessary knowledge. If you are planning to expand your horizons, I invite you to join the group for those preparing for Chemistry Olympiads.

Preparation for the Unified State Exam in chemistry is covered by our specialists in this section - analysis of problems, reference data and theoretical material. You can now prepare for the Unified State Exam easily and for free with our sections on each subject! We are sure you will pass a single State exam in 2019 for the maximum score!

General information about the exam

The Unified State Examination in Chemistry consists of two parts and 34 tasks .

First part contains 29 short answer tasks, including 20 tasks basic level difficulties: No. 1–9, 12–17, 20–21, 27–29. Nine tasks higher level difficulties: No. 9–11, 17–19, 22–26.

Second part contains 5 tasks high level Difficulties with a detailed answer: No. 30–34

Tasks of a basic level of difficulty with a short answer test the mastery of the content of the most important sections of the school chemistry course: theoretical basis chemistry, inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, methods of knowledge in chemistry, chemistry and life.

Tasks increased level of difficulty with a short answer are focused on checking the mandatory elements of the content of the main educational programs in chemistry not only at a basic level, but also at an advanced level. In comparison with the tasks of the previous group, they involve performing a greater variety of actions to apply knowledge in a changed, non-standard situation (for example, to analyze the essence of the studied types of reactions), as well as the ability to systematize and generalize the acquired knowledge.

Tasks with a detailed answer , unlike tasks of the two previous types, provide for a comprehensive test of assimilation at an in-depth level of several content elements from various content blocks.

Unified State Exam. Chemistry. Full course A, B, C. Independent preparation for the Unified State Exam. Lidin R.A.

M.: 2013. - 352 p.

The textbook contains material for preparing for passing the Unified State Exam in chemistry. 43 topics of the Unified State Exam program are presented, tasks for which correspond to basic (28), advanced (10) and high (5) levels of complexity. The entire theory is structured in accordance with the topics and issues of the content of control measurement materials. Each topic contains theoretical principles, questions and exercises, tests of all types (single-choice, matching, multiple-choice or number-based), and tasks with a detailed answer. Addressed to teachers and high school students high school, as well as university applicants, teachers and students of chemical faculties (schools) of pre-university training.

Format: pdf

Size: 3.5 MB

Watch, download: yandex.disk

CONTENT
PREFACE 7
1. Theoretical sections of chemistry
1.1. Modern representations about the structure of the atom 8
1.2. Periodic law and Periodic Table chemical elements DI. Mendeleeva 17
1.2.1. Patterns of changes in the chemical properties of elements and their compounds by periods and groups 17
1.2.2-1.2.3. general characteristics metals of the main subgroups of groups I-III and transition elements (copper, zinc, chromium, iron) according to their position in Periodic table and the structural features of their atoms 23
1.2.4. General characteristics of non-metals of the main subgroups of groups IV-VII according to their position in the Periodic Table and the structural features of their atoms 29
1.3. Chemical bond and structure of matter 43
1.3.1. Covalent bond, its varieties and mechanisms of formation. Polarity and energy of covalent bonds. Ionic bond. Metal connection. Hydrogen bond 43
1.3.2. Electronegativity and oxidation state of chemical elements. Valence of atoms 51
1.3.3. Substances of molecular and non-molecular structure. Type of crystal lattice. Dependence of the properties of substances on their composition and structure 57
1.4. Chemical reaction 66
1.4.1-1.4.2. Classification of reactions in inorganic and organic chemistry. Thermal effect of the reaction. Thermochemical Equations 66
1.4.3. Reaction speed, its dependence on various factors 78
1.4.4. Reversible and irreversible reactions. Chemical balance. Shift of equilibrium under the influence of various factors 85
1.4.5. Dissociation of electrolytes in aqueous solutions. Strong and weak electrolytes 95
1.4.6. Ion exchange reactions 106
1.4.7. Hydrolysis of salts. Wednesday aqueous solutions: acidic, neutral, alkaline 112
1.4.8. Redox reactions. Corrosion of metals and methods of protection against it 125
1.4.9. Electrolysis of melts and solutions (salts, alkalis, acids) 141
2. Inorganic chemistry
2.1. Classification of inorganic substances. Nomenclature of inorganic substances (trivial and international) 146
2.2. Characteristic Chemical properties simple substances- metals: alkali, alkaline earth, aluminum, transition metals - copper, zinc, chromium, iron 166
2.3. Characteristic chemical properties of simple substances - non-metals: hydrogen, halogens, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon, silicon 172
2.4. Characteristic chemical properties of oxides: basic, amphoteric, acidic 184
2.5-2.6. Characteristic chemical properties of bases, amphoteric hydroxides and acids 188
2.7. Characteristic chemical properties of salts: medium, acidic, basic, complex (using the example of aluminum and zinc compounds) 194
2.8. Interrelation of various classes of inorganic substances 197
3. Organic chemistry
3.1-3.2. Theory of the structure of organic compounds: homology and isomerism (structural and spatial). Hybridization of carbon 200 atomic orbitals
3.3. Classification of organic compounds. Nomenclature of organic compounds (trivial and international). Radical. Functional group 207
3.4. Characteristic chemical properties of hydrocarbons: alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes, dienes, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene and toluene) 214
3.5. Characteristic chemical properties of saturated monohydric and polyhydric alcohols, phenol 233
3.6. Characteristic chemical properties of aldehydes, saturated carboxylic acids, esters 241
3.7. Characteristic chemical properties of nitrogen-containing organic compounds: amines, amino acids 249
3.8. Biologically important compounds: fats, proteins, carbohydrates (mono-, di- and polysaccharides) 253
3.9. Relationship between organic compounds 261
4. Methods of knowledge in chemistry. Chemistry and life
4.1. Experimental Fundamentals of Chemistry 266
4.1.1-4.1.2. Rules for working in the laboratory. Methods for separating mixtures and purifying substances 266
4.1.3-4.1.5. Determination of the nature of the medium of aqueous solutions of substances. Indicators. Qualitative reactions on inorganic substances and ions. Identification of organic compounds 266
4.1.6. The main methods of obtaining (in the laboratory) specific substances belonging to the studied classes of inorganic compounds 278
4.1.7. The main methods of obtaining hydrocarbons (in the laboratory) 279
4.1.8. The main methods for obtaining oxygen-containing organic compounds (in the laboratory) 285
4.2. General views O industrial methods obtaining essential substances 291
4.2.1. The concept of metallurgy: general methods for producing metals 291
4.2.2. General scientific principles of chemical production (using the example of the production of ammonia, sulfuric acid, methanol). Chemical pollution environment and its consequences 292
4.2.3. Natural springs hydrocarbons, their processing 294
4.2.4. High molecular weight compounds. Polymerization and polycondensation reactions. Polymers. Plastics, rubbers, fibers 295
4.3. Calculations according to chemical formulas and reaction equations 303
4.3.1-4.3.2. Calculations of volumetric ratios of gases and thermal effect in reactions 303
4.3.3. Calculation of the mass of a solute contained in a certain mass of a solution with a known mass fraction 307
4.3.4. Calculation of the mass of a substance or volume of gases from a known amount of a substance, mass or volume of one of the substances participating in the reaction 313
4.3.5-4.3.8. Calculations: mass (volume, amount of substance) of the reaction product, if one of the substances is given in excess (has impurities) or in the form of a solution with a certain mass fraction of the substance; practical yield of product, mass fraction (mass) of substance in mixture 315
4.3.9. Calculations to find the molecular formula of a substance 319
Typical option exam paper
Instructions for performing work 324
Answers to standard version exam paper 332
Answers to tasks for independent work 334
APPLICATIONS 350

Greetings to schoolchildren who have entered 11th grade! Last academic year the most memorable and important in a student’s life. After all, you need to finally decide on the choice of your future specialty and subjects for exams. This time I have chosen for you useful material about how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in chemistry.

Theory for preparation

Preparation for the exam always begins with studying the theoretical part. Therefore, if your knowledge of chemistry is at an average level, improve the theory, but reinforce it with practical exercises.

In 2018 year of the Unified State Exam in chemistry consisted of 35 tasks: the first 29 questions require choosing an answer from those proposed, or writing a digital answer after calculation, the remaining 6 tasks require providing a complete, detailed answer. For the first 29 answers you can score a maximum of 40 points, and for the second part of the Unified State Exam- 20 points. Possibly in 2019 Unified State Exam structure in chemistry will remain unchanged.

The main theoretical questions in the Unified State Exam in chemistry cover the following topics:

  • The structure of the atom in the modern understanding.
  • Mendeleev table.
  • Inorganic chemistry (chemical properties of metals and non-metals).
  • Organic chemistry (fats, proteins and carbohydrates).
  • Experimental chemistry in theory (working and safety rules in the laboratory, methods for obtaining a certain substance).
  • Ideas about methods for obtaining the required substances and elements in an industrial version (metallurgy and methods for producing metals in production, chemical industry).
  • Calculations using formulas and chemical equations.

Plan preparation

1). Create an annual plan with hourly calculations and a choice of preparation days. For example, study chemistry for 2 hours a day on Mondays, Wednesdays and Saturdays.

2). It is best to involve in preparation loved one(parents or sister/brother). If this is not possible, then team up with another student planning to take the Unified State Exam in chemistry. This way you will feel each other’s support and at the same time push you on if one of you is lagging behind. This is a unique way of motivation, and the classes will be more interesting.

3). Calculate the time to complete each test task. This way you will know in advance how much time to spend on a question, and if you get stuck on something, you can move on to another task and return to the unfinished task later.

4). As you approach the exam, try to maximize your nutrition and sleep. The examinee should feel rested.

Advice! During the exam itself, you need to decide on the difficulty of the tasks. The items that are easiest for you to understand are best left for the last 30 minutes of the exam. The problems in the second part will give you a high score, so it is recommended to start with them, but it is advisable to adhere to the planned time for completing each task. Simple questions can be answered at the end of the exam.

Books for preparation

You can independently prepare for the chemistry exam by studying textbooks and methodological manuals. This method is the most difficult, since the student will need maximum concentration, the ability to independently understand the material, perseverance and self-discipline.

Among the popular textbooks for preparing for the Unified State Exam in chemistry are:

  • “Unified State Exam. Chemistry. Big reference book" (authors - Doronkin, Sazhneva, Berezhnaya). The book describes in detail the main sections of organic and inorganic chemistry, as well as general chemistry. The manual contains tasks for the practical part. The book contains 560 pages. Approximate cost is about 300 rubles.
  • « Chemistry tutor"(author - Egorov). The book was created for in-depth study of chemistry in preparation for the Unified State Exam. “Tutor” consists of theoretical questions and answers to them (thematic testing), as well as practical problems by difficulty level with a detailed explanation of the solution algorithm. The book contains 762 pages. Approximate cost is about 600 rubles.

Courses in chemistry

The most popular and in a simple way Preparation for the Unified State Exam in Chemistry is accepted by attending group courses or an individual tutor. Self-discipline and independent analysis of materials are not required here. A chemistry teacher will schedule a visit and help you understand simple and complex problems within the approved program.

The material provided in chemistry courses is usually based on questions and topics from last year's USE exams. The teacher takes into account the most common mistakes of students and gives a complete analysis of such problems.

Sites for preparation

Distance learning is popular now, so you can take advantage of the opportunity to prepare for the Unified State Exam in chemistry using online lessons. Some of them are free, some are completely paid, and there are online lessons with partial payment, i.e. you can watch the first lesson for free, and then decide to continue training on a paid basis.

For example, I see a lot positive feedback about these online lessons on the sites:

  • https://novisse.ru/course/podgotovka-k-ege-po-himii- with the opportunity to get acquainted with some of the lessons for free.
  • https://www.ctege.info/videouroki-ege-po-himii/- free video lessons.

In my experience, most of the students who choose the Unified State Exam in Chemistry go on to study medical University for a doctor or pharmacist. However, someone chooses their future profession specialties: chemical technologist, biochemist or biotechnologist, environmental chemist or chemistry teacher at an educational institution.

Best regards, Ekaterina!

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