teaching Bashkir language in the republic, contrary to the consent of the parents, is not allowed. The press service of the prosecutor's office of Bashkortostan recalled this with a special message.

“The law establishes the right, not the obligation, to study native languages and state languages ​​of subjects Russian Federation", - stated in the message of the department, referring to Art. 14 of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation". - Teaching of native languages, including the Bashkir language, contrary to the consent of the parents (legal representatives) of students, is not allowed. For the illegal restriction of the rights and freedoms of students provided for by the legislation on education, administrative liability is provided.

Head of Bashkortostan Rustem Khamitov promised to cancel the compulsory study of the Bashkir language in the republic. Khamitov sees an alternative to this as a voluntary study of the Bashkir language, including in the form of extracurricular classes at schools and additional courses at universities.

Note that the President of the Russian Federation at the council on interethnic relations, which took place on July 20 in Yoshkar-Ola, had a broad discussion. Vladimir Putin, recall: "Forcing a person to learn a language that is not native to him is just as unacceptable as reducing the level of teaching Russian."

Some regarded this as a direct indication that one of the two state languages ​​of the Republic of Tatarstan - Tatar - will no longer be required to study at school. And some even interpreted the loud statement as a kind of "black mark" to the authorities of Tatarstan after the recent appeal of the State Council of the Republic of Tatarstan to the highest authority.

However, according to BUSINESS Online sources, the immediate reason for Putin's statement was specific situation that has developed in neighboring Bashkortostan. In one of the schools in Ufa, a committee for the protection of the rights of Russian-speaking schoolchildren arose. They complained about the imposition of the Bashkir language to the prosecutor of the republic, a native of Chelyabinsk Andrey Nazarov. He carried out an inspection of over 300 schools in Bashkortostan, as a result of which, on May 25, he made a presentation addressed to the head of the republic Rustem Khamitov. The essence of the claims is that the Bashkir language was included in the compulsory part of the curriculum, and in some places to the detriment of Russian.

Khamitov tried to give clarifications in an interview with the editor-in-chief of Ekho Moskvy Alexey Venediktov dated 19 June. According to his version, the Bashkir language is studied in the schools of the republic in two forms - as a state language and as a native language. One or two hours of the "state" Bashkir, in his opinion, rely on everyone and everyone, and two or four "native" - ​​only voluntarily, at the choice of the parents.

However, soon the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Belarus and personally the Minister Gulnaz Shafikova came up with explanations refuting the words of the head of the republic. It turned out that one or two hours of the "state" Bashkir school have the right to allocate in the second to ninth grades only within the variable part of the curriculum or extracurricular activities. In this case, it is necessary to ask the opinion of the parent committee of the school. As a result, not all schoolchildren study Bashkir as the state language, but only 87.06% of students. Bashkir as a native language is only for Bashkirs by nationality - and then at the written request of their parents. Now 63.37% of children of non-Russian nationality are studying it. Let us add that the authorities of Bashkortostan agreed with the violations revealed by the prosecutor's office and promised to correct everything by September 1.

The prosecutor's office in Bashkortostan revealed violations in the teaching of the Bashkir language in schools, in particular in teaching aids and textbooks, rationing learning processes, and also found inconsistencies with the federal legislation on education. After numerous checks, the department of the republic submitted the corresponding submission to the address of the head of Bashkortostan, Rustem Khamitov. Khamitov, in turn, will have to give an answer on this issue within a month, reports ufa1.ru.

It all started with the fact that a group of parents of the 39th school in Ufa "Committee for the Protection of the Rights of Russian-Speaking Schoolchildren", believing that the study of the Bashkir language should be purely voluntary, thereby referring to the law of the Russian Federation. Parents are in favor of being able to choose other subjects at will. But, according to activists, school principals are under pressure from the Ministry of Education and Administration.

In our school, teaching is conducted in accordance with legislative framework Russian Federation and the Republic of Bashkortostan. The Bashkir language is obligatory, because we have a UNESCO school, humanitarian orientation, a lot of languages ​​are studied. Schoolchildren learn the Bashkir language from the fourth to the ninth grade, - the portal quotes the words of the director of the 39th gymnasium, Irina Kiekbaeva.

As for the study of the Bashkir language in other schools, for example, in the usual 44th school, the Bashkir language is compulsory from the second grade. And not all parents are positive about this norm.

I am against the imposition of any language. Russian is our state language. We will teach him. If we were offered to study Bashkir as a foreign language, I would have no complaints. But I still wouldn't agree. The whole world speaks English, Chinese has become very common, so they can really come in handy, - Angelina Ponomareva, the parent of a five-year-old child, expressed her opinion to the portal.

After several months of collecting signatures against the study of the Bashkir language, the activists sent complaints to the prosecutor's office. A series of checks followed, which revealed violations. They were collected into one document, and on May 25 of this year, the prosecutor's office issued a proposal addressed to Rustem Khamitov to eliminate the violations. The head of the region should give an answer within a month.

According to the portal, the press service of the head of the republic confirmed the receipt of the document from the prosecutor's office and are ready to give an answer within the specified time.

According to Rustem Khamitov, the schools of the republic have a sufficient base for the transition to the compulsory study of the Bashkir language. However, the government should follow federal educational standards, the head believes.

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The department refers to Art. 14 of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation”, which states that teaching and learning of the state languages ​​of the republics can be introduced in the schools of the Russian Federation and citizens have the right to study their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation.

Thus, the law enshrines the right, and not the obligation, to study native languages ​​and state languages ​​of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The teaching of the state languages ​​of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and native languages ​​is carried out with particularities.

It is important that educational plans schools that provide for the study of the Bashkir language and native languages ​​met the requirements of the law.

The curriculum of a general education school is a document containing a list of subjects studied in it, their distribution by year of study and the number of hours for each subject.

When approving curricula, the opinion of each parent (legal representative) of students regarding the study of subjects is necessarily taken into account (part 3 of article 30, paragraphs 1, 7 of part 3 of article 44 of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation").

Teaching of native languages, including the Bashkir language, contrary to the consent of the parents (legal representatives) of students, is not allowed.

For violations of equality of rights and freedoms of man and citizen, criminal liability is provided for under Art. 136 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. For illegal restriction of the rights and freedoms of students provided for by the legislation on education educational organizations provides administrative responsibility for hours. 2 Article. 5.57 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, - reported on the website of the prosecutor's office.

Compromise or incitement?

Recall that for the last 2 months the issue of learning the native language in schools has been rather acute in the republic. Wherein Minister of Education of the Republic of Belarus Gulnaz Shafikova that the issue of studying the Bashkir language in schools is not within the authority of the department, it should be decided at the level of each school.

We only say that there is a right to learn the official languages ​​of the regions of Russia. The law on education of the Republic of Belarus states that the study state language is carried out in the main school within the framework of the federal educational standard. The standards say that the school has the right to make a new academic subject with the consent of the collegiate bodies of the educational organization, the minister said.

Previously Vladimir Putin at a press conference in Yoshkar-Ola, he said that there should not be in the country's schools.

I want to remind you, dear friends, that the Russian language for us is the state language, the language of interethnic communication, and it cannot be replaced by anything, it is the natural spiritual framework of our entire multinational country. Everyone should know him. The languages ​​of the peoples of Russia are also an integral part original culture peoples of Russia. Learning these languages ​​is a constitutionally guaranteed right, a voluntary right. Forcing a person to learn a language that is not native to him is just as unacceptable as reducing the level and time of teaching Russian. I refer to it Special attention heads of regions of the Russian Federation, - Vladimir Putin emphasized.

At the same time, some public figures met the president's statement rather ambiguously.

Political scientist Azamat Galin, for example, suggested that in the country Lately there is a trend towards liquidation national republics.

The policy is aimed at changing administrative boundaries and the formation of new territorial administrative units - regions that will no longer be national, - Galin previously expressed his idea in an interview with the Media Corset.

socialite, blogger Galina Luchkina noted that it is necessary to pay attention to the statements of the prosecutor's office in the first place, since in the schools of the republic there is more and more talk about the forced study of the Bashkir language.

Everything goes to the fact that the Bashkir language will be studied and will remain obligatory in areas with a predominantly Bashkir population, - believes Evgeny Belyaev, activist of the Russian Cathedral in the Republic of Belarus, editor of the Russian Bashkiria group.

Another thing is that by 2019 the term of office of Rustem Khamitov expires and it is not clear how this issue will be further resolved. Therefore, we can only speak hypothetically about the future. I believe that it is impossible to fully satisfy the two conflicting parties. And such a “compromise” is suitable, I think, for everyone.

Native or state?

C sociologist, member of the Congress of the Bashkir people Ilgiz Sultanmuratov told Mediakorset that it was about substituting the concepts of native and state languages. In addition, the public figure said that the problem of learning the native language, which has become acute, is typical for our region.

- The prosecutor's office responded in the same way as the Minister of Education, so then the BST and state media carefully broadcast. In these speeches, a conscious substitution of the concepts of the native and state languages ​​is made.Putin spoke about native languages. Everyone completely agrees with him. Relatives must study voluntarily. Russian and Bashkir have the same rights on the territory of Bashkortostan. No various kinds state language, this status is undifferentiated. Those. all state. languages ​​have the same rights, just Russian throughout the country, and other state languages ​​in the territory of the subjects where they are legally recognized as such.

Discussing this artificially created only here in the Republic of Belarus, the question of teaching Bashkir, it is deliberately reduced to the status of a native, committing a violation of the Constitution of the country and laws on language. According to the logic of the prosecutor's office of the Republic of Belarus and Khamitov with the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus, then parents should choose whether to study Russian for their children, which is a gross violation of the laws.

Yes, there are flaws in our ministry of education (time has shown that they are not accidental) in terms of state standards, and our state assembly adopted amendments to the law on language, which left these issues at the mercy of the Federal State Educational Standards. But that's not the point! On the part of the head of the republic, there is a violation of the norms of the Russian constitution in terms of the status of the state. languages. The people are taken for fools and discuss what does not need to be discussed: native languages ​​and their status.

In relation to the actions of the prosecutor's office of the Republic of Belarus, we receive many appeals from teachers with approximately the same content.Schools have been incessantly checked since May. The next one is scheduled for August 28th.

This puts pressure on participants. educational process. We will write about this to the Prosecutor General of Russia, because. as a result, an unbearable atmosphere has been created in schools, which is blamed on the Bashkir language and everything connected with it. We can say with full confidence that there is a violation of the norms and rights of our state and society in our region.There is no such arbitrariness anywhere, I know the situation with the state very well. languages ​​in other republics.

It should be noted that according to the results of a survey conducted by the editors of the Mediakorset among our readers, most of them spoke of the optional study of their native language.

1300 schools in Bashkiria are going to check the prosecutor's office of the republic until September 30. The purpose of the audit is to make sure that all schools have switched to voluntary study of the Bashkir language in agreement with the parents of the students.

The prosecutor's office noted that violators of the law are not planned to be fired and punished. If any inconsistencies are found, the prosecutor's office will help to eliminate all violations.

“The law says that only parents should decide whether or not to study the Bashkir language as the state language, as well as native languages. If the parents wrote a statement that they decided to study mathematics, computer science, physics or Russian in the variable part of the curriculum and did not choose the Bashkir language, then no one can oblige them to study the Bashkir language either as a state language or as a native language. If the director does not listen to the opinion of the parents and does not approve the curriculum that is demanded by the parents, we will deal with him in the prosecutor's office. If after that there is no result, we transfer the case to the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation. We have been given the task of achieving legality, and we will achieve it.”, - one of the employees of the department told the portal EADaily.

According to the publication, citing teaching staff who wished to remain anonymous, the Minister of Education of the Republic of Belarus Gulnaz Shafikova at a webinar with directors held on August 15, she appealed to them with an appeal: “I don’t care how you do it, but you must take the consent of your parents to learn the Bashkir language.”

Whether there was such a statement or not, nevertheless, the law states that “the study of native languages ​​is enshrined in the right, and not the obligation to study native languages ​​and state languages ​​of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.”

The official website of the prosecutor's office of Bashkortostan also published an explanation about the study of the Bashkir language in the schools of the republic. According to the document, the teaching of native languages, including the Bashkir language, contrary to the consent of the parents (legal representatives) of students, is not allowed.

The decision to check was not taken by chance. Yesterday the President Vladimir Putin instructed the Prosecutor General's Office and Rosobrnadzor to jointly verify compliance with the law on the voluntary study of native languages ​​in the regions of Russia. The instruction was given at a meeting of the Council for Interethnic Relations. In addition, the Government of the Russian Federation was instructed to finalize draft laws that would improve the definition of the attitude of citizens towards the indigenous peoples of Russia.

Vladimir Putin also instructed to develop recommendations for the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments on the implementation of national policy, the formation of positive interethnic and ethno-confessional relations in the local community, as well as the prevention of interethnic conflicts.

Recall that it was raised in early August by the head of the region Rustem Khamitov. When he commented on Vladimir Putin's statement in Yoshkar-Ola, where the President expressed his position on the obligatory study of the languages ​​of national regions by children. Rustem Khamitov noted that he fully agrees with Putin’s position and that certain changes must be made to school curriculum. “The Ministry of Education of the Republic of Bashkortostan once again analyzed the situation with the study of native languages ​​in the region and saw that it was necessary to make changes to the basic educational plans eighth and ninth grades, concerning the obligatory study of the Bashkir language as the state language. These changes will be made, among other things, because there is a harmonization, conjugation of the Bashkir and Russian legislation in terms of federal state educational standards and approaches to the study of native languages, ”- said Rustem Khamitov.

17:44 - REGNUM

In Bashkiria, there is an intensification of the discussion about the compulsory study of the Bashkir language, the exchange of views resembles front-line reports. According to parental activists, several schools have already adopted curricula with voluntary study of the Bashkir language. The impetus for a new round of controversy was the posting on the official website of the republican prosecutor's office of a message with explanations on the issue of studying the Bashkir language in schools.

One prosecutor's explanation - three interpretations

The supervisory authority noted that “schools may introduce the teaching and study of the state languages ​​of the republics of the Russian Federation, citizens have the right to study their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation (Article 14 of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation”).” In the opinion of prosecutors, “the law establishes the right, and not the obligation, to study native languages ​​and state languages ​​of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.”

“The teaching of the state languages ​​of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and native languages ​​is carried out with particularities. This should take into account the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation", federal state educational standards, basic curriculum. It is important that the curricula of schools that provide for the study of the Bashkir language and native languages ​​comply with the requirements of the law. When approving curricula, the opinion of each parent (legal representative) of students regarding the study of subjects is necessarily taken into account (part 3 of article 30, paragraphs 1, 7 of part 3 of article 44 of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation") " , the message explains.

The explanation ends with a warning:

“Teaching native languages, including the Bashkir language, contrary to the consent of the parents (legal representatives) of students, is not allowed. For the illegal restriction of the rights and freedoms of students of educational organizations provided for by the legislation on education, administrative liability is provided for under Part 2 of Art. 5.57 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

Today there are several interpretations of this explanation. Representatives of Bashkir nationalist organizations saw in the prosecutors’ report “a substitution of the concepts of the Bashkir native and Bashkir state languages”, “pressure on participants in the educational process”, “signs of the liquidation of national republics”, “arbitrariness” and even “violation of the norms and rights of our state and society in our region”, which state and society, was not specified. By “trampling” Bashkir nationalists understand the right of schools to determine for themselves which subjects from the variant part they should study.

(cc) Behind the river

Representatives of the parental community believe that the Bashkir language is an invariant part, mandatory for all, Russian-speaking and national, educational institutions throughout Russia, cannot enter, otherwise it would have to be taught to all Russian schoolchildren.

“Now each of us must give a written statement with consent for our children to study the Bashkir state language, Russian, Tatar, Bashkir native language, and other native languages, for example, Chuvash or Mari. The facts of pressure on us by the school administration when applying are under the special control of the prosecutor's office, ”the parents say.

There is a third approach to the language situation:

“If the federal center has firmly decided to restore order in the field of language teaching, order will be restored. In the nineties of the last century in Bashkiria, the compulsory Bashkir language was strictly introduced for all students, but soon this subject disappeared from most Russian-speaking schools, and no one shouted about “trampling” and “humiliation of the Bashkir language”, no one wondered whether they would die of hunger families of unemployed teachers of the Bashkir language, everything went quietly and unnoticed, because everyone understood that it was not teaching, but an imitation of teaching the Bashkir language. If there were no upheavals then, it will be fine now. Another question is how decisive and consistent the federal center will be.”

Metamorphoses are late

The second and last introduction of compulsory Bashkir occurred in 2006 under the reign of Murtaza Rakhimov. Then, in 2006, Russian-speaking schoolchildren of Bashkiria began to study Russian in smaller volumes than the average for Russia, since the Bashkir language was taught from three to five hours a week, in addition, such disciplines as " Culture of the Bashkir people”, “History of Bashkiria” and even “Geography of Bashkiria”. The most noticeable reduction in the lessons of Russian philology was observed among first-graders, instead of five lessons of writing and four lessons of reading per week, they got only three lessons of writing and two lessons of reading. A flurry of complaints was caused by the textbook “Living Springs”, which has become odious, for the first and second grades of Russian-speaking schools.

In 2006 and the next few years, Bashkir nationalists, as well as teachers of the Bashkir language, argued that Russian-speaking children were taught the Bashkir language according to impeccable programs and textbooks, all Russian children without exception want to learn the Bashkir language and other "Bashkortostan" subjects, and liberation from the study of the Bashkir language by certain categories of students will entail the immediate death of the Bashkir language. From the arguments “for universal and obligatory Bashkir” it sounded: “you were sheltered - teach, otherwise leave”, “show respect for the titular people”, “the Bashkir language needs protection”.

By 2017, subtle changes had taken place in the rhetoric of the champions, some representatives of the pedagogical community began to admit that textbooks and programs for universal Bashkir were prepared in a hurry, that the assimilation of Bashkir by schoolchildren was not so impressive, not only some Russians, but also Bashkir children did not want to learn Bashkir, and successes in the field of introducing Bashkir are described with a sharp, but truthful phrase: “Exotic teachers demonstrate the achievements of exotic students, and in the general mass, none of the Russian-speaking children who do not have Tatar or Bashkir relatives spoke Bashkir.”

The reaction of supporters of the forced study of the Bashkir language is ambiguous. The most radicalized elements make reckless statements in which it is difficult not to notice the ideas of separatism. Some public figures hope to "protect the Bashkir language" through various actions, petitions and appeals, including to the prosecutor's office. There are ideas of uniting the efforts of nationalists from different national republics of the Volga Federal District. Some “human rights activists” dream of changing Russian and regional legislation, while others insist that a new norm must be written: learning the native language should become not a right, but a duty.

And in the general chorus of loud indignations, bordering on blackmailing demands and searching for the guilty, the piercing notes of a sorrowful confession are lost: “ Native language, the language of my mother and my ancestors, the language of lingering songs, from which everything turns upside down in the soul, the language in the sounds of which you can hear the rustle of steppe grass calcined by the sun and the whistle of a flying arrow, how we are all to blame for you! Mother tongue, live and don't die."

There is another special, uncharacteristic opinion:

“If then, in 2006, the Bashnationalists did not demand from above, but patiently explained and, I’m not afraid of this word, sincerely asked for help from the strong to the weak and shared their heartache for the fate of the beautiful, unique Bashkir language, if school administrations were more flexible and friendly towards parents and children, if remarks about “Russian occupiers and colonialists” sounded less often, as well as strong recommendations to go to Ryazan, then maybe before prosecutor's checks would not have reached.

And very few would dare to add: "and if they took into account the needs of special children."

Most unprotected

The most unprotected in language battles were Russian-speaking children with health and intelligence problems. Neither the prosecutor's office nor the public have yet found clear defenders of their educational interests in the language sphere.

“For special children, special textbooks and methods are needed, and this applied to all subjects, except for the Bashkir language. But the parents did not dare to explain the inadmissibility of teaching sick children subjects according to untested, or even non-existent programs. Every year, classes in special, correctional schools became smaller and smaller, and none of the parents wanted their child to be “dropped out” of the school. Everyone understood everything, but they were afraid, ”shared the mother of one of the grown autists.

According to her, it was most difficult to get schooling for children with psychological and intellectual problems. There are not so few such children, only in Ufa several correctional boarding schools of the eighth type have been opened for them, for children with less pronounced problems there are other correctional schools. A child recognized by the medical-psychological commission as uneducated was not allowed even in schools of the eighth type and remained out of education forever. But even once in school, as a result school year he could be recognized as unteachable, transferred to home schooling, or left without education at all. The commission drew conclusions on the basis of the recommendations of the school, so the parents were afraid to spoil relations with the school administration.

“These are healthy or considered healthy children who can move from one school to another, our children are completely deprived of such an opportunity,” the parents explain their humility.

Appropriate programs and textbooks have been created for such children over the course of decades, if in an ordinary school first-graders got half a year on the “Primer”, then children from schools of the eighth type studied the alphabet for two years, and by the end of the first grade they stopped at the letter “v”. Some of these children had serious speech problems. A foreign language was studied by far not by all students of schools of the eighth type, and not from the second, and not even from the fifth grade.

And these children, who did not fully master their native Russian language, were forced to learn the Bashkir language.

“Their peers in other regions of Russia studied the Russian language or studied with defectologists and speech therapists, while our children at that time were sitting in Bashkir lessons and did not understand anything, wasting precious time,” the parents of special children recall with pain.

“Why do you need the Bashkir language to be taught by urban Russian-speaking children with speech and intelligence problems? Children, most of whom, without the gigantic help of the family and the language environment of the family, will never learn more accessible to them foreign languages? What joy do you have that the appearance of studying Bashkir will be created at the expense of non-dimensional study time, because most of these problem children will sooner or later be recognized as unteachable and will not be able to go even to the tenth grade? social activists sometimes asked the Bashkir nationalists, who insisted on the general study of the Bashkir language by every schoolchild in Bashkiria. There was no clear answer.

It cannot be said that the severity of the situation is incomprehensible to all those who should understand the needs of "special children". One of the representatives of the Bashkir Institute for the Development of Education (BIRO) recommended that the parents of these children look for sympathetic specialists and, accompanied by them, apply to various authorities.

Is there a certificate without Bashkir?

Soon after the introduction of the seemingly mandatory study of the Bashkir language in 2006, children began to appear in the republic who did not study Bashkir. Some of them did it absolutely officially, they studied in private schools, where only the invariant part, the same for the whole of Russia, was obligatory, and everything else was studied at the joint choice of parents and teachers. Among them were children with some developmental problems, and, on the contrary, highly gifted children, child athletes, as well as children who were often ill. All of them at one time received certificates of secondary education of the all-Russian sample.

But even students of general education schools might not learn Bashkir quite officially: these are children who are home-schooled, children who study according to individual curricula and according to the external school system.

Part of the children who refused to study Bashkir "at their own peril and risk." It is difficult to determine from whom the initiative came not to study the Bashkir language, from the parents or from the children themselves. Proponents of the compulsory study of Bashkir assure that it was "blinkered" Bashkirophobic parents who forbade their children to learn Bashkir, but there are facts when mothers and fathers were in favor of learning Bashkir, but their high school children, contrary to the requests of their parents, "to give in and be more flexible" did not study Bashkir of your own free will. All of them received certificates, and several of them were awarded a gold medal, and this completely refutes the thesis that “only idlers and mediocrity” do not want to learn the Bashkir language.

The motives for refusing to study Bashkir are different, but one way or another they are interconnected: “it’s not necessary, it won’t come in handy”, “we’ll leave anyway, so what for?”, “It’s a pity for the time.”

There might have been more such parents if the parents had not been pressured by the school administration.

How pressure and pressure on parents

All methods of "working with parents-refuseniks" were reduced to lies and intimidation. The most important argument was the false statement that "otherwise your child will not be promoted to the next class." In Bashkiria, not a single case has been recorded of a student staying for the second year without being certified only in the subject "Bashkir language". Also false was the assertion that "without the Bashkir, they will not issue a certificate." Another method is to suggest that without studying the Bashkir language, the mandatory USE in the Bashkir language will not be passed. As parents-refuseniks note, “this is a blatant lie, in Russia there is a single educational space, and compulsory USE should be the same throughout the country. In one of the Ufa schools, a verbal threat was noted not to take the child to the 10th grade.

The psychological pressure is somewhat thinner, when the repressions of the school administration could affect not the children-refuseniks themselves, but someone else. The threat of “taking the teacher away from the class” was hard for elementary school children and parents to take. IN primary school the role of the teacher class teacher large enough, since he teaches most of the lessons, the replacement of the teacher can cause stress for younger students.

This arsenal of pressure is not exhausted. In isolated cases, the school administration may intervene in court and other proceedings between parents and take the side of one of them who is more loyal to the teaching of the Bashkir language. Some parents were threatened to "report to work about disrespect for the Bashkir language." One of the innovations was the writing of unflattering characteristics. As a sample, one of the mothers showed a testimonial from gymnasium school No. 39, where, according to her, the director Irina Kiekbaeva And social teacher Anna Gibadullina, going beyond the scope of their competence, relate to the aspects of her character and make very controversial and sometimes mutually exclusive conclusions about her "destructive activity", "authoritarianism", "susceptibility to other people's influence".

“In war as in war. Interestingly, the social educator did not even talk to me or my children. Would she go to the violation of professional and human ethics, if not for my special attitude towards the study of the Bashkir language by my children? - doubts the Ufimka, the owner of the letter "for a significant contribution to the development of the gymnasium", who worked for five years as the chairman of the parent committee.

Another type of psychological pressure on parents is the neglect shown both by the school management and by the departments (departments) of education in the administrations. municipal districts. As told IA REGNUM Ufimka Alla Terekhova, trying to secure an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) for her second-grader son, she received an invitation to appear at the reception desk of the Humanities and Education Directorate Larisa Bochkareva with your office equipment and consumables:

“My documents were double-checked, but the woman who had a folder with materials for making copies refused to identify herself and her position. The folder lacked any hint of a list of documents and materials. In the end, the aforementioned person tried to force me to write a text that did not correspond to reality and to sign it. The pressure stopped only after my husband announced that he would call the police. We had to put the photocopier on the floor, visitors were constantly coming in and out, when I changed paper and inserted documents in a bent form, and all this under the notation “Since you live in the Kalininsky district, please respect the administration of this district.”

All these nuances add up to me in one big question on the professional suitability of both the head of the department and his subordinates. How else to call such an organization of work, except as a complete mess? And if this is happening in the management itself, is it really surprising that the same style migrates to education. And what will such specialists from education teach our children? "

What is happening now, or who is framing whom?

According to parents, a general prosecutor's check of all schools in the republic for the voluntary nature of studying the Bashkir language is due in September. In August, teachers, parents, and school administrations were invited to the prosecutor's office, whose representatives of students have already reported violations of the educational rights of schoolchildren. The school administration hastily collects applications from parents with consent to study native and Bashkir as the state languages.

Local media have already told how this happened on the example of the story of one of the residents of the Demsky district about how she was offered to fill out these applications. As told to a correspondent IA REGNUM Ufimka Olga Komleva, she was asked to approach the director, and she approached, as she wanted to find out “how is it with the approval of the curriculum and what to do if we do not want to study Bashkir”. According to the activist, the initiator of filling in the already printed forms was the city department of education. The main violation is that the curricula have already been signed by school principals, and the statements of the parents, which are required by law (Article 44 of the Federal Law), were not collected, so the prosecutor's office can challenge these curricula.

“And school principals will now turn out to be extreme. The Ministry of Education of the Republic of Belarus or the GUNO, or whoever else, they are sent curricula, which they are unlikely to change, who dares to do this, and substitute them for inspection by the prosecutor's office, since the signature is put by the principal of the school and he answers, ”empathizes with school principals agency interlocutor.

“Of course, we live in Bashkiria, but this does not mean that the federal law about education must be violated. It is written in the law - lessons in the variable part only with the consent of the parents - which means it should be so. Bashkiria has always been a calm region in the national sense, and only after the imposition of language learning in schools did disputes begin. Please, education officials, stop all this. Do not substitute school directors, and if you lowered curricula with the Bashkir language into schools without taking into account the opinion of parents, send an explanation to the prosecutor's office. School principals should not be responsible for your policies. We still have 10 years to study,” Olga Komleva calls on officials and asks school principals “not to follow the instructions of the GUNO that parental consent is not required to study the Bashkir language.”

Alla Terekhova has a slightly different opinion:

“You should not perceive school principals as wordless scenery, on which nothing depends. In some schools, at the initiative of the directors, children who do not study Bashkir are treated extremely harshly, in others, also at the behest of the administration, they are left alone. In some schools, the Bashkir language in grades 10 and 11 is studied voluntarily, in others it is imposed. Something also depends on the personality of the director, and sometimes they substitute themselves.

But in one thing, all mothers and fathers are unanimous: if we ourselves do not protect the rights of our children, no one will do it for us.

© Ekaterina Nekrasova

According to the latest data, in several schools of the republic, parents are asked to fill out application forms with a box indicating their consent or disagreement with their child learning the Bashkir language as the state language outside of school hours. Photographs of the forms at the disposal of the editors. In one of the schools, located on the border with Tatarstan, according to parental activists, a school curriculum has been adopted without studying the Bashkir language.

As reported IA REGNUM source, until September 20, school principals will have the opportunity to adopt curricula, taking into account the views of parents and signing all necessary applications and documents. The prosecutor's office does not want to seek prosecution of teachers and directors, but they will not be allowed to violate the law either. What conclusion both parents and teachers will make depends only on them.