The science
Judging by how long it takes astronauts from the ISS to recuperate after returning to Earth, we just not made for space.
But what would happen to a person if he suddenly found himself completely unprotected in outer space?
In the absence of air and virtually zero pressure, the human body will not last long without some form of protection.
But what exactly is happening? Can eyes explode and blood evaporate? Here's what we've learned from accidents in space and test chambers and animal experiments.
man in outer space
The first thing you'll notice is lack of air. You won't pass out right away, it will take up to 15 seconds while your body uses up the remaining oxygen in your blood. If you don't hold your breath, you can probably last until 2 minutes.
If you hold your breath, the loss of external pressure will cause the gas inside the lungs to expand, causing the lungs to rupture and allow air into the circulatory system. So the first thing to do when you get into the vacuum of space is exhale.
As for other things, there is little we can do. After about 10 seconds the skin and tissues underneath begin to swell, as water from the body begins to evaporate in the absence of atmospheric pressure.
You won't bloat to the point of exploding, as human skin is strong enough. And if you go back to atmospheric pressure, your skin and tissues return to normal.
Also, it will not affect the blood, as the circulatory system regulates the blood pressure until you go into shock. Fluid on the tongue may begin to boil.
A man in space without a spacesuit
Since you will be exposed cosmic radiation, you can suffer from severe sunburn and bends.
However, it is likely that you will not immediately freeze, despite the very low temperature, since the heat does not leave the body quickly enough.
If you die in space, your the body will not decompose as usual because there is no oxygen. If you were near a source of heat, then the body would mummify, but if there is none, you will freeze.
If you were in a spacesuit, you would begin to decompose, but only as long as there was enough oxygen. Either way, your body would have lasted a very long time, floating in space for millions of years.
Space, the last frontier. Mankind actually knows and understands very little about vast universe in which we live. However, what we know for sure is that the cosmos is very clearly trying to do everything it can to kill us. From lethal radiation to exploding superstars, the galaxy is dangerous enough to make even the most daring (and desperate) astronauts think twice before leaving our beautiful, protective atmosphere. However, humanity is determined to go into space and start exploring outer space, so to make sure we know exactly where we are getting ourselves into, here are 25 facts about space that will scare and surprise you!
25. The speed of light
Many people like to imagine themselves flying through the galaxy at the speed of light (that's about 299.792.458 meters per second), but in reality this can be not so much pleasant as inevitably deadly. Coming into contact with an object moving at the speed of light, hydrogen atoms turn into extremely radioactive particles that can easily destroy the crew of a spacecraft and all its electronics in a few seconds. Just a few hydrogen atoms wandering through space could have a radioactive output equivalent to the proton beam created by the Large Hadron Collider.24. Moon
Every year, our Moon moves away from the Earth by almost 4 cm and, although at first glance this may seem like nonsense, in the future it can have devastating consequences for our planet. Although the strength of the Earth's gravitational field should be enough to keep the Moon from going out of orbit, the increasing distance between it and the Earth will eventually slow the planet's rotation to the point where one day lasts longer than a month, and ocean tides are fixed on place. 23. Black holes
Formed typically by the death of massive stars, black holes are superdense regions of spacetime with such a strong gravitational pull that they can trap light and warp time. Just a small black hole in our solar system could throw the planets out of their orbits and tear the Sun to pieces. If that's not scary enough on its own, black holes can race across the galaxy at millions of miles per second, leaving trails of destruction in their wake. 22. Gamma rays
The most powerful type of explosion in the universe, gamma ray bursts are intense high-frequency bursts electromagnetic radiation, which carry the same amount of energy in milliseconds as the Sun will release during its entire existence. If one of these rays hit the Earth, it would deplete the atmosphere of ozone in a matter of seconds, and some scientists even attribute the mass extinction that occurred 440 million years ago to bursts of gamma rays that hit the Earth. 21. Weightlessness
Scientifically called microgravity, this state occurs when an object is in free fall and experiences weightlessness. While it may look fun to float in the air like astronauts, being in zero gravity for extended periods of time can have a long-term mental and physical impact on a person. 20. Cold welding
Here on Earth, gases in the atmosphere react with metals, creating a thin layer of oxidation. The vacuum of space, however, has no atmosphere and therefore does not lead to oxidation, deforming metals and leading to an interesting reaction. This reaction is called cold welding and occurs when two metals of the same molecular composition are pressed against each other and joined together permanently as if they were one piece. While this sounds neat, it caused quite a few problems on the first satellites and could make in-space repairs a very difficult process. 19. Alien life
The universe is huge and incredibly old, so the chances of other Earth-like planets with evolving life are unlikely. According to the Fermi paradox, the high probability of extraterrestrial life in space is inconsistent with the lack of visible evidence to support it. At this point, we're not sure which is scarier: the fact that we might not be the only ones in the universe, or the possibility that we're alone. 18. Rogue planets (orphan planets)
Launched into space after being formed by their planetary system, wandering planets are planetary bodies that can freely move through space, crashing into space objects in their path. Because they do not orbit the Sun, rogue planets often have surface freezing temperatures. However, due to their molten cores and icy insulation, some scientists believe that these free-roaming planets could contain vast underground oceans that could be the source of life. 17. Travel time
In 1969, the Apollo 11 lunar module took 3 days to get to and land on our own natural satellite, the Moon. Since then, technology has evolved a lot. We could reach Mars in 7-9 months, and the flight to Pluto will take about 10 years. Distances outside our solar system become even more extreme; even moving at the speed of light, flying to the nearest star Alpha Centauri would take us more than 4 light years, and more than 100,000 years to reach the center of the Milky Way galaxy. 16. Extreme temperatures
Depending on where you are in space, you will likely find yourself in some pretty extreme conditions. The heat given off by a supernova can reach temperatures of 50 million degrees Celsius or more - 5 times more than at nuclear explosion. At the opposite end of the spectrum, the cosmic background temperature is -270 degrees Celsius, just slightly warmer than absolute zero. You definitely don't want to forget your jacket. 15. Darkness
Fear of the dark is not just a stupidity that children experience; it is an evolutionary feature that humans have evolved to protect themselves from the dangers of the unknown. The only reason adults these days aren't afraid of what they can't see is because they've learned from experience that the likelihood of monsters lurking under the bed is extremely low. However, in space, darkness is a completely unexplored void that stretches to infinity, so the fear of danger lurking beyond our sight is an understandable reaction. 14. Magnetars
Magnetars (or magnetars) are incredibly dense neutron stars. In fact, in most cases, they are whole stars, fragmented into spheres only 15 miles (24.14 km) across. The matter of a magnetar with a volume of a teaspoon has the same mass as 900 Great Pyramids of Giza. Magnetars also have the strongest magnetic field known in the universe. It is so strong that anything that comes too close to them is shattered at the atomic level. 13. Musculoskeletal atrophy
Maintaining health with exercise difficult enough here on Earth, but in zero gravity it can be even more difficult. Astronauts who have visited the International Space Station have shown marked signs of significant muscle atrophy after just 6 months in space, given a rigorous fitness program to maintain their health. 12. Venus
Despite the fact that this planet got its name in honor of the Roman goddess of love, Venus is perhaps the most evil planet in our solar system. With a surface temperature of around 500 degrees Celsius, atmospheric pressure 90 times that of Earth, and constant sulfur rain, Venus would kill you the moment you decided to land on it. This is definitely not the kind of planet you would want to have a picnic on. 11. Dark matter / dark energy
We know very little about our universe. In fact, we've only seen less than 5% of what it's made of. The remaining 95% is dark matter and dark energy. About a quarter of the universe is made up of dark matter, a mass that we can neither see nor find in space, but which must be there due to its influence on the behavior of everything around. The rest of the universe is dark energy, the true nature of which is largely unknown. However, we are pretty sure that it plays a critical role in the expansion of the universe. 10. Radiation background
Earth's atmosphere and magnetic field protect us from some really nasty stuff, which is radiation. Cosmic rays, solar winds and electromagnetic particles passing through the universe are so powerful that astronauts traveling between Earth and Mars would receive a dose of radiation equal to that of a full-body CT scan for 5-6 days. Anyone who did not get radiation sickness before reaching their goal would almost certainly develop a severe form of cancer during their lifetime. 9. Expanding Sun
Our Sun is constantly using nuclear fusion to fuse together hydrogen and helium to keep itself burning. However, the amount of hydrogen on it is not infinite, and as it is used, the Sun gets hotter and hotter. Eventually, it will become so hot that the Earth's atmosphere will burn out and our oceans will boil and completely evaporate. Then, when there is no hydrogen on the Sun, it will expand in size, becoming a red giant and swallowing the Earth once and for all. 8. Hypernovae
With 100 times more energy than a normal supernova, hypernovae are powerful explosions that occur after the death of a massive star. While the factors that cause a star to go hypernova are widely disputed, we do know that it often results in a black hole or neutron star. Hypernovae are also sources of gamma-ray bursts in the universe, and they are bright enough to be seen through a telescope from millions of light-years away. 7. Electromagnetic oscillations
Space is an almost perfect vacuum, which means you can count on your ears not to hear a single sound while you are in open space. While the thought of total silence can be maddening in itself, don't think that if you can't hear anything, there aren't any sounds. Due to the lack of gases through which they can propagate, there are no sound waves in space, but sounds are still transmitted through electromagnetic oscillations. NASA has recorded some of these vibrations emitted from individual celestial bodies in our solar system and played them backwards to a really chilling sci-fi horror effect. 6. Anything can kill you
There is no room for error in space; even the smallest mistake can and will kill you. Of the 430 people sent into space by mankind, 18 never returned. Advances in technology have made modern spaceflight much safer than it used to be. In the 1970s, nearly 30% of people sent into space died. True, the farthest we went to is our Moon. Going to Mars would increase the risk by a factor of 10, and going beyond is still beyond our reach. 5. Slow down time
Imagine an astronaut traveling through space at close to the speed of light. Now imagine a person standing on the ground. According to special theory Einstein's relativity, for an astronaut, time will go much more slowly than for a stationary person, although each of them will not feel any difference in the passage of time. When an astronaut finally returns home, even if many years have passed since he left Earth, he will be younger than he would be if he spent all this time on Earth. This will happen because physical processes in a moving body occur more slowly than in a stationary one. This is known as "time dilation", and although we have yet to develop the technology to move people at speeds fast enough to observe this effect, we have already seen an example of it when studying high-speed particles in the laboratory. 4. Hypervelocity stars
Thought to be the result of a close encounter with a black hole, hypervelocity stars are stars that have been ejected from their systems as they travel through intergalactic space at speeds of up to 2 million miles (3.218 million km) per hour. Although most of the hypervelocity stars we have already identified are the size and mass of the Sun, they could theoretically be any size and reach even more incredible speeds. 3. Solar flares
Despite occasional burns, our Sun has been providing us with heat and light for billions of years. However, don't let our local star fool you. Our Sun is a huge miasma of incandescent plasma that can fire massive flares chaotically. solar radiation. While they are unlikely to pose a direct threat to any form of life on Earth, these solar flares can create electromagnetic pulses that can destroy the power grid, interfere with radio communications and disable all technology. 2. Depressurization
There is no air in space, that's understandable. However, this implies a greater danger than simply having to hold one's breath for a long time. The human body is adapted to the atmospheric pressure of the Earth, which is why when you take off in an airplane or drive along mountain roads, you may experience popping sounds in your ears. In a vacuum, there is no air pressure. As soon as you step out of the spaceship into outer space, all the liquid in your body will begin to boil and evaporate, expanding rapidly until you burst like an overfilled balloon. 1. Big squeeze / Big gap
Everything must come to an end, but will there be an end to everything? Scientists agree that the universe will most likely have a definite end, but how exactly this will happen is still unclear. One prevailing theory is that there will be a large contraction where gravitational forces universe will reach its limit and cause the entire universe to stop expanding and begin to contract, eventually converging into one infinitely tiny point before disappearing into nothingness. Another theory, known as the "Big Rip", claims that the universe will expand to such an extent that gravity will lose all meaning and the cosmos will literally fall apart; even particles in atoms will eventually float away from each other. We honestly can't decide which is scarier. Space research in real life just as blurry as in the movies. This is an area where it is not always possible to obtain accurate data. Even the best scientists do not know about the size and scale of the Universe. However, every day there is an increasing development of it.
What do researchers still know about space that you might not know yet?
Recording space sounds
NASA uses a technology called ultrasonic data processing to receive signals from radio waves, magnetic fields, and also plasma waves. And it converts these signals into sound tracks in order to "hear" what is happening in distant space.
Quite eerie sounds range from gloomy splashes to signals reminiscent of an approaching spaceship.
Blue Sunsets of Mars
The fact of such a phenomenon became known in 2015, when the first color photo of this planet was obtained.
Scientists attribute the visual effect to the glow of small particles in the atmosphere of Mars, which allow blue color waves to penetrate the atmosphere more efficiently than "longer" ones, such as red, yellow and orange.
Sending into space is insanely expensive
By dividing the launch cost by the weight of the load, you can get staggering numbers. So, one lemon sent to outer space, will cost 2000 dollars.
Not so long ago, every 450 grams of cargo cost $10,000. Now, prices have skyrocketed, to $43,180 for the Cygnus spacecraft and $27,000 for new SpaceX carriers. Thus, to fly a bottle of water into space, you will need to pay between $9,100 and $43,180.
space junk
Outer space is filled with a lot of debris, such as parts of destroyed rockets or broken satellites. These objects still continue to revolve around the Earth at 10 times the speed of the shot.
Space debris is monitored so that those responsible for its distribution are held accountable. However, its number has already exceeded 23,000 objects. The leaders in this list are the USA, Russia and China. Under the responsibility of each of the three countries is a little less than 4,000 objects.
This garbage is dangerous with a possible collision that can cause a huge garbage cloud due to a chain reaction. That's what the movie "Gravity" shows us.
Saving footprints on the moon
Lunar rocks are destroyed so slowly (by 10 mm in 1 million years) that traces of astronauts can remain on its surface for 10-100 million years.
That is how long the traces of astronauts who flew to the moon on Apollo 11 in 1969 can survive on our natural satellite.
outer space temperature
It's not always cold here. In the most remote corners, temperatures can drop to -270 °C. But if you get closer to the Earth, where the Sun surrounds everything with its rays, you can observe an increase in temperature up to 120 ° C.
Astronaut suits white color so they can reflect heat.
A year is shorter than a day
Venus rotates rather slowly, in the opposite direction from the Earth. Its complete rotation takes 243 of our days, which is its usual day.
But it is located close to the Sun, because it passes around it in just 225 days. Thus, it turns out that the year on Venus is slightly shorter than the day.
The ISS is the size of a football field
International space station is the largest object sent by humans into space. Its length is 108 meters, and its weight is almost 420,000 kg.
During the research, 230 people from 18 different countries visited here.
Without spacesuit
Contrary to the fact shown in the movie "Gravity", without a space suit you would not last more than 15 seconds in space.
Exactly enough for all the oxygen that you have blood. After that, the air in the lungs will expand due to the lack of pressure in the atmosphere, which will tear the tissues. Also in an unprotected body, blood boils and a lack of bowel control will occur.
space criminals
There are certain laws according to which weapons of mass destruction cannot be launched into orbit, and all research must be carried out only for peaceful purposes. Any country is responsible for the object launched into space and the damage that it can cause.
Therefore, the UN monitors outer space and objects with people in it. Any illegal actions can make an astronaut a space criminal.
Space
You might think that apart from planets and stars there is nothing here. Despite the fact that this is not far from the truth, outer space is still not exactly a vacuum.
It has a small density of particles. These are clouds of cosmic plasma, stellar dust and cosmic rays.
The blackness of space
It would seem that such a huge number of stars should have filled the space with light, but it is black. In 1823, a German astronomer decided that the brightness of a static universe, evenly filled with stars, should be equal to the brightness of the solar disk. The phenomenon has been called "Olsberg's paradox".
Later it turned out that there is no uniform filling of stars, because some of them did not exist for so long that their light could still reach the Earth now, and the Universe has the ability to expand. Hence the blackness of space, which cannot be evenly illuminated.
The undisputed leader
The sun makes up 99.8% of the total mass of the solar system. Everything else, including our Earth, is just specks of dust in comparison.
It is not surprising that it has kept planets around it for billions of years.
Black holes
The Milky Way contains tens of thousands of black holes, according to a new study. These objects cannot be detected in a calm state.
However, when they interact with a star, scientists can find them using X-rays.
Septillion stars
Approximately this number of stars has the universe. By the way, this number contains 24 zeros after one. Over nine years of observation, scientists have identified 10,000 galaxies in the darkest depths of the universe.
Only our galaxy Milky Way contains about 100 billion stars. Multiplying this number by the number of galaxies, we got the estimated figure.
However, this is not the final number, because there is a lot of unexplored outer space. According to scientists, this figure will grow in their calculations as technologies are improved to discover new galaxies.
Space is still an incomprehensible mystery for all mankind. It is incredibly beautiful, full of secrets and dangers, and the more we study it, the more we discover new amazing phenomena. We have collected for you the 10 most interesting phenomena that occurred in 2017.
1. Sounds inside the rings of Saturn
The Cassini spacecraft recorded sounds inside Saturn's rings. The sounds were recorded using the Audio and Plasma Wave Science (RPWS) device, which detects radio and plasma waves, which are then converted into sounds. As a result, scientists "heard" not at all what they expected.
The sounds were recorded using an Audio and Plasma Wave Science (RPWS) device that detects radio and plasma waves, which are then converted into sound. As a result, we can "hear" dust particles hitting the instrument's antennas, the sounds of which contrast with the usual "whistles and creaks" created in space by charged particles.
But as soon as Cassini dived into the void between the rings, everything suddenly became strangely quiet.
The planet, which is an ice ball, was discovered using a special technique and was named OGLE-2016-BLG-1195Lb.
With the help of microlensing, it was possible to discover a new planet, approximately equal to the Earth in mass and even revolving around its star at the same distance as the Earth from the Sun. However, the similarities end there - the new planet is probably too cold to be habitable, since its star is 12 times smaller than our Sun.
Microlensing is a technique that facilitates the detection of distant objects by using background stars as "highlights". When the star under study passes in front of a larger and brighter star, then big star for a short time, as it were, “highlights” the smaller one and simplifies the process of monitoring the system.
The Cassini spacecraft successfully completed a narrow gap between the planet Saturn and its rings on April 26, 2017 and transmitted unique images to Earth. The distance between the rings and the upper atmosphere of Saturn is about 2,000 km. And through this "gap" "Cassini" had to slip at a speed of 124 thousand km / h. However, as a protection against ring particles, which could damage it, Cassini used a large antenna, turning it away from the Earth and towards obstacles. That is why he could not get in touch with the Earth for 20 hours.
A group of independent auroral researchers have discovered a yet unexplored phenomenon in the night sky over Canada and named it "Steve". More precisely, such a name for the new phenomenon was suggested by one of the users in the comments to the photo of the still unnamed phenomenon. And the scientists agreed. Taking into account the fact that the official scientific communities have not yet really responded to the discovery, the name will be assigned to the phenomenon.
"Big" scientists do not yet know how exactly to characterize this phenomenon, although the group of enthusiasts who discovered Steve initially called it the "proton arc." They didn't know that proton auroras were invisible to the human eye. Preliminary tests showed that Steve was a hot stream of fast-flowing gas in the upper atmosphere.
The European Space Agency (ESA) has already sent special probes to study Steve and found that the temperature of the air inside the gas stream rises above 3000 degrees Celsius. At first, scientists could not even believe it. The data showed that at the time of the measurements, Steve, 25 kilometers wide, was moving at a speed of 10 kilometers per second.
5. A new planet suitable for life
An exoplanet orbiting a red dwarf 40 light-years from Earth could become the new winner of the title of "best place to look for signs of life outside the solar system." According to scientists, the system LHS 1140 in the constellation Cetus may be even more suitable for the search for extraterrestrial life than Proxima b or TRAPPIST-1.
LHS 1140 (GJ 3053) is a star located in the constellation Cetus at a distance of approximately 40 light-years from the Sun. Its mass and radius are 14% and 18% of the sun's, respectively. The surface temperature is about 3131 Kelvin, which is half that of the Sun. The luminosity of the star is equal to 0.002 of the luminosity of the Sun. The age of LHS 1140 is estimated at about 5 billion years.
Source 6The asteroid that almost made it to Earth
Asteroid 2014 JO25 with a diameter of about 650 m approached the Earth in April 2017, and then flew away. This relatively large near-Earth asteroid was only four times farther from Earth than the Moon. NASA has classified the asteroid as "potentially hazardous". All asteroids larger than 100 meters and approaching the Earth closer than 19.5 distances from it to the Moon automatically fall into this category.
In the picture - Pan, natural satellite Saturn. The three-dimensional photograph was taken using the anaglyph method. You can get a stereo effect using special glasses with red and blue filters.
Pan opened on July 16, 1990. Researcher Mark Schoulter analyzed photographs taken by the Voyager 2 robotic interplanetary station in 1981. Experts have not yet agreed on why Pan has such a shape.
8. The first photos of the habitable Trappist-1 system
The discovery of a potentially habitable planetary system of the star Trappist-1 was the event of the year in astronomy. Now NASA has published the first photos of the star on its website. The camera took one frame per minute for an hour, and then the photo was assembled into an animation:
The animation is 11×11 pixels and covers an area of 44 arcseconds. This is equivalent to a grain of sand at arm's length.
Recall that the distance from the Earth to the star Trappist-1 is 39 light years.
9. Date of the collision of the Earth with Mars
American geophysicist Stephen Myers of the University of Wisconsin suggested that Earth and Mars could collide. This theory is by no means new, but scientists have recently confirmed it by finding evidence in an unexpected place. It's all because of the "butterfly effect".
It's the same phenomenon. A butterfly fluttering over the Indian Ocean could affect weather patterns over North America a week later.
This idea is not new. But Myers' team found evidence in an unexpected place. The rock formation in Colorado is made up of sedimentary layers that are evidence of climate change, which was caused by fluctuations in the amount of sunlight entering the planet. According to scientists, this is the result of changes in the Earth's orbit.
For at least the last 50 million years, the Earth's orbit has cyclically changed its shape from circular to elliptical every 2.4 million years. This created climate change. But for 85 million years, this periodicity was 1.2 million years, since the Earth and Mars slightly interacted, as if “pulling” each other, which is natural to expect in a chaotic system.
The discovery will help understand the relationship between orbital changes and climate. But other potential consequences are somewhat more worrisome: In billions of years, there is a very small chance that Mars could crash into Earth.
A giant vortex of hot, glowing gas extends over 1 million light-years through the very center of the Perseus Cluster. Matter in the area of the Perseus cluster is formed from gas, the temperature of which is 10 million degrees, which makes it glow. A unique NASA photo allows you to see the galactic vortex in all its details. It extends over a million light-years through the very center of the Perseus Cluster.
Every day there are more and more signs that humanity will soon leave the Earth and go to surf the expanses of the Universe. There is a good chance that space travel will become commonplace in the near future. And if some tycoon like Elon Musk at SpaceX or Richard Branson at Virgin Galactic tries hard, you can spend your next vacation in orbit. But before heading into the unknown, it is worth familiarizing yourself with how being in space can affect the human body. Perhaps the journey to the stars will not be so pleasant.
Space adaptation syndrome
A trip to space is different from a tour even to the most distant islands, because here the force of gravity of the Earth is minimalWithout Earth's gravity, which pulls the human body to the surface of the planet, people often experience nausea, known as space adaptation syndrome. It may seem that you are just seasick, but in addition to nausea, this syndrome is accompanied by headaches, loss in space, a feeling of severe discomfort, vomiting and dizziness. Approximately half of the people who have been in space have experienced all the delights of this syndrome, and you are unlikely to be in the minority. Nausea is caused by a change in the force of gravity, so human body it takes time to get used to it. Although it is hardly possible to get used to the fact that you are flying at great speed through the space of the Universe. Fortunately, such a trip will not last long, so pull yourself together and try to make sure that you do not throw up, because space is not the best place for this.
And when you put on the suit, you will need to apply a transdermal patch that suppresses nausea. If you throw up in a space suit, there is a chance of death. It's the same as putting an aquarium on your head with a vacuum tube through which air enters, and you will vomit right into it. Obviously, there will be problems with breathing and viewing angle. The situation can be aggravated if at this moment you are in outer space.
What does it smell like in space?
It turns out that in space it smells not in the best way Thinking about traveling into space, you hardly think about what smells will accompany you on this trip. If, however, such an idea came to mind, then probably your olfactory imagination is very well developed. So what does a vacuum smell like? It is said to be a cross between burnt steak, oxidized metal and gunpowder. Have you ever heard something more brutal?
Astronaut Don Petit believes that the word "metallic" most accurately describes this smell.
NASA even hired a special employee whose task is to recreate the smell of space for training. The biggest omission in this whole story seems to be only one thing - why don't companies selling trips to space sell an ethereal flavor? It could well be used as a home fragrance.
You will lose your nails. Literally
Due to the strong pressure of the gloves from the suit, the nails peel off This phenomenon is called detachment of the nail plate. As part of recent research, 22 astronauts reported that they had lost their nails. Therefore, do not take a manicure set with you.
Nail loss occurs due to the fact that the spacesuit presses especially hard on the fingers, so some astronauts agree to undergo a procedure for removing the nail plate before the flight.
snore? It doesn't work here
If your husband snores a lot, send him into space If the family does not approve of your snoring, then the neighbors space ship it's not scary. Due to the lack of gravity, the respiratory system works differently, and snoring, if it does not come to naught, will become significantly quieter.
In conditions of minimal gravity, the tongue will not block the airways, as it does on Earth. Let's attribute this phenomenon to the pluses of space travel.
vision problems
When you stay in weightlessness for a long time, your eyesight drops. After a long stay in space, vision begins to deteriorate. The fundus of the eye changes shape and becomes flatter. Usually this is a short-term change, but for some, vision is restored for years. According to the results of studies, out of three hundred astronauts, 69 had vision problems in short-term flights and 147 in long-term ones. So if you decide to move to another planet, be aware that you will have vision problems ... complete with nausea and radiation training.
When the body is in zero gravity, the main influx of fluid is in the upper body, so the pressure in the cranium increases, which slightly affects the optic nerves. In addition, under the influence of cosmic rays, many people experience flashes of light before their eyes. Well, hasn't the desire to become a space tourist disappeared yet?
Changes in the muscular corset
If you go into space for a long time, then the muscles will be greatly weakened. When you are in space, the main mode of transportation is "floating" in zero gravity. Therefore, during long-term stay in outer space in humans, the bone tissue of the lower extremities becomes thinner and muscle atrophy occurs. The heart muscle also decreases in size, because it works less intensively.
Still worried about not going to the gym? You are not in space, the muscles work even when you just walk on the Earth.
You will get taller
Have you ever dreamed of growing up? Then you are weightless Have you ever thought about the fact that you are only a couple of centimeters short of ideal height? After traveling out of the atmosphere, your spinal column will stretch. But the effect will be short-lived - in the conditions of the Earth's gravity, the vertebrae will take their former position.
The maximum possible change in growth is plus 3%, returning to its original position will take several months.
Can't do without a suit
Why do you think people invented the spacesuit? Let's imagine that a person found himself in outer space without a spacesuit and a ship, can he survive? The supply of oxygen in the blood is enough for 15 seconds. And if you do not hold your breath, then you will have another 2 minutes. If you still did this, then the lungs will expand from the air in them and simply tear them apart. If you don't have a protective air chamber, you will most likely want to take a breath. It may seem that this is contrary to the instinct of self-preservation, but you are not under water. Speaking of water: after 10 seconds, the liquid will begin to evaporate from the body due to lack of pressure.
In addition, the saliva in your mouth will boil, you will get a severe sunburn and a sharp decrease in pressure. And if you take into account the sub-zero temperature, then you will also freeze. If, nevertheless, someone happens to die in space, then the body will not decompose, but will become part of space debris. Yes, there are plenty to choose from. It's not so bad to become an ice block and surf the expanses of the Universe. In this case, the journey to the stars will last forever.
Radiation
In space high level radiation Being on the ISS, people receive 10 times more radiation exposure than on Earth, where there is a protective layer of the atmosphere. Space radiation has a detrimental effect on the human body and can cause nausea, anorexia, vomiting and overwork.
Scientists have not yet figured out a way to completely protect people in outer space from the effects of radiation. Cancer can develop as a result of exposure to cosmic rays. Perhaps this is another good reason to retire before it's too late.
Euphoria
Spacewalkers say their world will never be the same Many astronauts say that after flying into space, a rethinking of life comes to them. One of the American astronauts Charlie Duke said that he was amazed by what he saw there, and could not believe that this is also part of the universe that God created. “I was just dumbfounded, a lump stood in my throat. It was the most amazing experience of my life,” he said.
Edgar Mitchell, an Apollo 14 astronaut, admitted that when he saw the Earth in this perspective, he felt an unprecedented calmness, even euphoria, and his consciousness expanded so much that he truly realized the meaning of the word "Universe".
“The view was so beautiful that it couldn't have been a mere accident. There is always someone bigger than you and bigger than me in the world. When I say this, I mean spirituality, not religion,” said Gene Serman, an American astronaut.
Rusty Schweikart, an American astronaut, also shared his feelings: “Tiny Earth, thanks to it we exist, it gives us food, water, oxygen and the magnificence of nature. And all this is so balanced that we can live on it. This tiny planet is spinning in space." Schweikart also noted that being in space, he felt like a part of every living being and object, not being tied to the past, present or future.
So, it's time to go into space and feel all its brutality before your body becomes numb and ready to return to your native Earth higher physically and spiritually.