Verbs( verbs) occupy a central place in any sentence of the English language. That's why it's so important to pay Special attention this part of speech. All verbs in English can be divided into 2 groups: regular and irregular. Forms of regular and irregular verbs are used to form the past tense (Past Simple) and participle II (Participle II). What is the difference between regular and irregular verbs in English?
Regular verbs in English language: regular verbs
Regular verbs in English ( regular verbs) - verbs in which the past tense form is formed by adding the ending -ed to the stem. For example:
- Look (look) - looked (looked).
- Paint (draw) - painted (drew).
- Call (call) - called (called).
- If the verb ends in an unpronounceable -e, then add only the letter -d:
- Improve (improve) - improved (improved).
- Like (like) - liked (liked).
- The ending -ed is pronounced /t/ if the verb ends with a hissing or voiceless consonant:< >Stop (stop) - stopped (stopped). Polish (polish) - polished (polished). The ending -ed is pronounced as /d/ if the verb ends with a vowel or a voiced consonant:
- Study (to study) - studied (studied).
- Travel (to travel) - traveled (traveled).
- The ending -ed is pronounced /id/ if the verb ends in -t or -d:
- Report (report) - reported (reported).
- Pretend (pretend) - pretended (pretended).
Irregular verbs in English: irregular webs
Irregular verbs in English are distinguished by the fact that they form past tense forms irregularly. These verbs need to be remembered.
The table of irregular verbs in English is like the multiplication table in mathematics. Basics! Do you want to speak the language fluently? Learn English verbs by heart (by heart).
How many irregular verbs does a modern person need to know?
There are about 470 irregular verbs in English, but don't be alarmed, most of them are outdated and not used nowadays.
Beginners just need to learn 50 irregular verbs.
Those who want to get closer to the level of the average native English speaker will have to learn about 200 irregular verbs.
Top 50 irregular verbs
Frequency of use of these 50 verbs in English speech is 87%
Top 200 irregular verbs
For those who want to get closer to the level of a native speaker - the 200 most popular irregular verbs in English.
To study you can use:
List of irregular verbs with pronunciation: http://www.irregularverbs.ru/table/
More good way learning irregular verbs using rhyming poems.
And finally, a moment of humor. This video has long become super popular, and its author, MC Fluency, is a celebrity widely known among English lovers. Enjoy watching.
Regular verbs (Regular Verbs) are verbs that have forms past tense And participleII are formed according to the same rule: by simply adding the ending - ed To basic form of a given verb (this is how they differ from, in which these forms can be formed different ways). For example:
love – loved – loved.
roll – rolled – rolled.
That is, love is the base form, loved is the past tense form, or participle II. Most verbs in English are regular verbs.
All verbs in English (including Irregular Verbs and be, do, have) have 5 forms. We'll talk a little about all of them, but for starters it's enough to know what they are. basic form (or 1st form), as well as forms past tense(or 2nd form) and participleII(or 3rd form), that is, those forms that determine correct verbs.
Basic form
Basic Form/Present Form (Base Form or Present Form or Infinitive without particle to or Dictionary form) is a simple notation of verbs, this is how they look in dictionaries. It is to this that they add, for example, the ending - ed, if they want to form a tense (thus the verb acquires a 2nd form), but this form can also be used independently, most often in tense:
I love what I do.
I love what I do.I call her every day.
I call her every day.
Sometimes the verb form with the ending - s, which is used only with the pronouns OH (He), SHE (She), IT (It). Examples:
She/He/It loves him
She/He/It loves himHe/She/It calls me every day.
He/She/It calls me every day.
Past tense form
Past tense form (Past Simple or Past Indefinite or 2nd form of regular verb) – forms formed using the ending - ed by adding it to the base form. Used for education simple time. It is a defining form, that is, this form is found only in regular verbs (but there are rare exceptions).
He loved her.
He loved her.She killed him.
She killed him.
Past participle form
Past participle form/Participle II (Past Participle or Participle II) – looks and is formed by regular verbs the same as the 2nd form (which makes life easier for us), but is used to form all three time groups (present, past and future). It is the defining form of regular verbs.
He isloved.
He (is) loved.He was loved.
He was loved.He will be loved.
He will be loved.
ed the ending becomes the subject (definition/subject or person experiencing the result of a certain action):
paint – painted.
paint - painted.A killed soldier.
Killed soldier.
Infinitive
Infinitive (Infinitive or Infinitive) – the same as the base form of the verb, but with a particle to before it - for this reason it received the name infinitive. This form is formed in the same way for all verbs (including be, do, have).
We can talk about the infinitive for a long time, the main thing that will be useful for us to know is the simple form of the word with the particle " TO", which tells us that given word denotes an action (that is, a verb). Particle " TO"always translated into Russian as" TH".
An image for clarity: a man is walking down the street, and in order to name what he is doing we will say - in Russian it is called " WALK", but an American will say - it's called " TO GO". The same can be said about the verb be: " TO BE" is just a designation/name of an action " BE"and it can be said to be no different from simple" BE", unless, of course, you consider that the infinitive Not used in speech, otherwise it would look like this - I walk today to a friend... but still in some cases it is appropriate:
I like to play.
I love play.I want to open any interesting book.
I want open some interesting book.
Determining this case (whether an infinitive is needed or not) is very simple - translate this sentence into Russian.
The main thing to remember is that this form is neutral and simply means an action, it does not describe any time period and does not indicate the person who performs this action. In other words, the infinitive is not used in any specific period of time, but is mainly used to denote the name of an action. Also associate the particle "TO" with the Russian "Ть" at the end of the verb, which in English is placed before the verb.
Present participle
Present participle form/Participle I (Present Participle or Participle I or Gerund) – is formed using the ending - ing by adding it to the base form of the verb. Most often the participle I is used to form continued time (for example, ). This form looks the same for all verbs (including irregular and be, do, have).
He is touching a book.
He touches the book.He was touching a book.
He was touching the book.
Please note that in most cases the verb with - ing the ending becomes a noun:
smoke – smoking.
smoke – smoking.run – running.
run - run.
The value of the knowledge gained
Perhaps you will say: “Yes, everything is very interesting, but... why do I need to know this?” Well, at least in order to understand what the names Infinitive, Participle and so on mean in tables designed for learning regular verbs and verbs.
They are often written as follows: Infinitive (or Present), Past Simple (or Indefinite), Past Participle (or Participle II) and then below them are verbs with this form. An example of a table of frequently occurring regular verbs:
| Base Form | Past Simple | Past Participle |
| accept | accepted | accepted |
| agree | agreed | agreed |
| attack | attacked | attacked |
| clear | cleared | cleared |
| blame | blamed | blamed |
| contain | contained | contained |
Personal view.
We know that the verb in English is everything. We also know that there is a list of irregular verbs that are the basis of the English language. It just so happens that they are the stumbling block in learning. I recommend you watch I . Perhaps this will help you look at the problem from a different perspective. In those slightly absurd poems, I tried to include the most common irregular verbs.
But now let's talk about REGULAR verbs.
These are most verbs English language, to to which we add ED. I was interested in collecting the most basic verbs that I use in my daily life.
I will specifically give examples in the past tense and in the perfect tense so that the difference in tenses can be seen.
1. Love loved loved (to love)
For example:
I loved him two years ago. I loved him two years ago.
I have loved him. I fell in love with him
2. Want wanted wanted (want)
I wanted an apple yesterday. I wanted an apple yesterday.
I have always wanted to work in a team. I always wanted to work in a team.
3. Use used used (use, use)
I used this pen last week. I used this pen a week ago.
I have used this car today. I used this machine today.
4. Work worked worked
He worked yesterday. She worked yesterday.
I have just worked.
5. Walk walked walked (to walk, stroll)
I walked in the forest two days ago. I walked in the forest 2 days ago.
I have walked in the park today. I took a walk in the park today.
6. Call called (call, call)
I called for a doctor yesterday. I called the doctor yesterday.
I have just called the police. I just called the police.
7. Try tried tried (try, try)
I tried to repair my house in 1987.
I have already tried this cream. I have already tried this cream.
8. Cry cried cried (cry, scream)
He cried yesterday. He cried yesterday.
He has never cried in his life. He never cried in his life.
9. Ask asked asked (ask, request)
She asked for help yesterday.He asked for help yesterday.
I`ve never asked for help. I never asked for help.
10. Answered answered answered (answer)
He answered that he was ill. He replied that he was sick.
I`ve just answered the question. I just answered the question.
11. Need needed needed
I needed help yesterday. I needed help yesterday.
I've suddenly needed help. I suddenly needed help.
12. Play played played
I played computer an hour ago. I was playing on the computer an hour ago.
I have already played this game! I've already played this game!
13. Help helped helped (help)
He helped them in 1999. He helped them in 1999.
He has never helped them. He never helped them.
14. Live lived (to live)
I lived in London 2 years ago. I lived in London 2 years ago.
I have already lived in London for 10 years. I have already lived in London for 10 years.
15. Move moved moved (move, move)
I`ve moved to Moscow. I moved to Moscow.
He moved to Paris two years ago. He moved to Paris 2 years ago.
16. Learn learned learned (can be an irregular verb) (teach, study, learn)
I have just learned the poem! I just learned a verse!
I learned Spanish when I was young. I learned Spanish when I was young.
17. Watch watched watched (watch, watch)
I watched TV yesterday. I watched TV yesterday.
He has watched this program lately. He recently reviewed this program.
18. Open opened opened (open)
He opened the door yesterday. He opened the door yesterday.
I've opened the door. I just opened the door.
19. Close closed closed (close)
I`ve just closed the eyes. I just closed my eyes.
I closed my company two days ago. I closed my company 2 years ago.
20. Die died died
This knight died many years ago. This knight died many years ago.
He has recently died. He recently died.
21. Pass passed (pass, pass)
He passed exams 2 days ago. He passed his exams 2 years ago.
He has passed the trial. He passed the test!
22. Serve served served (to serve)
He served in the army two days ago. He served in the army 2 years ago.
He has served in the army lately. He has already served in the army.
23. Change changed changed (change, change)
He has changed his style lately. He recently changed his style
He changed computer yesterday. He changed the computer yesterday.
24. Stop stopped stopped
He stopped smoking 2 years ago. He stopped smoking 2 years ago.
He has just stopped (he just stopped).
25. Remember remembered remembered(remember, remember)
I remembered him last night. I remembered him last night.
He has remembered everything today. He remembered everything today.
26. Promise promised promised (Promise)
He promised to come. He promised to come.
He has never promised that. He never promised this.
27. Believe believed believed.(believe)
I didn`t believe him 2 years ago. I didn't believe him 2 years ago.
She has never believed me. She never believed me.
28. Hoped hoped. (Hope)
I hoped to do it yesterday. I was hoping to do this yesterday.
I`ve hoped for him. I hoped for him.
29. Realize realized realized. (Recognize, implement).
I realized that he was wrong. I realized that he was wrong.
I've finally realized my goal. I finally achieved my goal.
30. look looked looked (look)
I have looked in the mirror. I looked in the mirror.
He looked into this documents yesterday. He carefully studied these documents yesterday.
P.S I also want to include here 2 verbs that I liked in Lately and they all start with the letter “M”.
Mention mentioned mentioned.
Don`t mention it. It's OK.
I have already mentioned it. I already mentioned this.
She mentioned the book to me. She told me about this book.
Manage managed . (Manage, succeed, manage to do something).
I managed to do it yesterday. I managed to do this yesterday.
I`ve managed with it. I got over it.
Have a great day
Today we will talk about regular and irregular verbs - which have spoiled a lot of blood for students of the English language. You will not find a list of irregular verbs here (although there are links to such lists at the end of the article), but you will find answers to other questions: what are irregular verbs and why are they needed? How many are there anyway? Do we need to teach them (spoiler: we do) and how? And even if by the end of the article you don’t like irregular verbs, then you will know much more about them.
Before we plunge headlong into the world of irregular verbs, let’s take a look around to see what’s happening in other languages. Irregular verbs are not inventions of the English language. Verbs that change but do not follow simple rules- and this is exactly what makes a verb irregular - exist in many languages. In Italian and French, in Spanish and German. By the way, in German verbs are divided not into right and wrong, but into weak and strong - a different attitude is immediately felt.
There are irregular verbs in Russian too. Here's an example: verbs ending in -at - read and play - these are regular verbs. It is enough to know a couple of simple rules to get other forms: I read, I play, I read, I play, I read, I play – and so on. But, for example, to draw is also a verb in -at, but it forms completely different forms: I draw, you draw. Why is it like this, why don’t I draw, do you draw? Or give: I give, you give. Why don’t I give it, will you? Well, why, you say, because they don’t say that. But a foreigner doesn’t know what they say and what they don’t say. He will have to learn all these forms. If you look at the tables of irregular verbs in the Russian language textbook, there are four times more irregular verbs there than regular ones. So it's still not that bad in English.
So, let's return to English. What are these irregular verbs?
Let's start from the stove - what forms can a verb take in English? A verb in English can be in one of five forms:
- Infinitive, infinitive. In Russian this is called the infinitive form of the verb. The verb will appear in this form in the dictionary. She, like Stirlitz with a parachute, can be easily recognized by the particle to before the verb: to start, to drive(start, lead)
- Simple present, present tense form. Looks the same as the infinitive, only without the to: start, drive. In the 3rd person singular, the verb looks different; -s is added to it at the end: starts, drives. We talked about this when we studied Present Simple
- Simple Past, past tense form. This form of the verb is used when we talk about the past: started, drove
- Past Participle, past participle: started, driven
- Present Participle, present participle. Formed by adding -ing: starting, driving
All these five forms are used to form certain times. In the Soviet school, they were all numbered - the infinitive was the zero form, then the first, second, third, and everything ended with the fourth, -ing form of the verb. I think numbering the verb forms is a great idea. But in English grammar, verb forms are not numbered, so if you tell your interlocutor about the “second form of the verb,” be prepared to stumble upon a wall of misunderstanding.
And now the most important thing: look at how the verbs changed in the Simple Past and Past Participle forms (or in the second and third forms, as bequeathed school books). One of the verbs simply added -ed, and the second behaved unpredictably - it either changed the vowel at the root, or added a consonant at the end. This is exactly what the difference between regular and irregular verbs looks like. The correct ones will add -ed and that will be the end of it, the incorrect ones will not obey any rules.
How regular verbs change
Now let's look at these changes even more closely; and let's start with regular verbs. I have already said that regular verbs add -ed and the difficulties seem to end there. This is almost true - but there are still some nuances. I’ll say right away - if you are just getting acquainted with what irregular and regular verbs are, feel free to skip this part and go straight to irregular verbs.
So, returning to regular verbs: the rules by which regular verbs change are confusing, and in real life come in handy infrequently - after reading enough books, you yourself will feel how to form the past tense correctly, and you can safely skip the rules and move on to the next part.
Are you still reading? Still wondering how regular verbs change? Okay, but I warned you - these rules are not for the faint of heart. So, let's go (in parentheses - translation indeterminate form, so that you are not distracted by looking in the dictionary. Now we are not talking about meanings, but about the formation of verb forms):
- ordinary regular verbs. Add -ed. Ready. want – wanted(want), look – looked(look)
- the verb already ends in e. In this case, you don't need to add another e, just add -d. like – liked(like), move – moved(move)
- the verb ends with a consonant followed by y. In this case, y changes to i, and -ed is added to it: study – studied(study), carry – carried(carry)
- but if the verb ends with a vowel followed by y, then no replacement occurs: stay – stayed(stay), play - played(play)
- The most interesting. If a verb consists of one syllable and ends with a consonant-vowel-consonant, then the last consonant is doubled. It sounds scary, but with examples it’s not so bad: plan – planned(to plan), drop – dropped(drop). However, this does not work correctly if the last letter is x, y or w: mix – mixed(to mix), bow – bowed(bow)
- Did you think that was all? But no. Now the situation is the same: the verb ends with a consonant-vowel-consonant, but it has several syllables. The last consonant is doubled if the last syllable is stressed. prefer – preferred(prefer). And it does not double if the last syllable is unstressed: listen – listened(listen)
- Did you think that’s it for sure now? Well, what kind of rule is this without exceptions? In British English words travelled(to travel) and canceled(to cancel) are written with a double vowel, although according to the rules it seems they shouldn’t. In American English, doubling does not occur.
Ufff, that's it now. The last three points, of course, are more like mockery than rules - and the syllables need to be counted, and determine where the vowels are, where the consonants are, where the stressed ones are, where the unstressed ones are... At some point it seems that it’s better than with such rules without them. And, frankly, it is possible without them - I learned about the existence of all these rules only when I was writing this article - and for the previous decades, like the hero of Moliere, I doubled or did not double consonants without thinking at all about the grammatical science behind it. However, enough about regular verbs, now let's look at how irregular verbs change.
How irregular verbs change
Since the verbs are irregular, then complete chaos will reign in their forms. Yes, but not quite like that. Even among all these non-standard forms, certain patterns can be traced. Let's see what options there are for changing irregular verbs - having learned these patterns, it will be easier for you to learn the forms of irregular verbs. I apologize in advance for using the Soviet numbering system - but in this case it’s really clearer.
The second and third forms are the same
In almost half of the irregular verbs, the past tense form and the past participle (i.e., the second and third forms) are the same. have – had – had(have), keep – kept – kept(keep), leave – left – left(leave), say – said – said(speak). Not just irregular verbs, but some kind of waltz...
The first and third forms are the same
For these irregular verbs, the past tense form looks irregular and the participle looks the same as the original form of the verb. Those. the first and third forms coincide. There are few such verbs - I counted only three: come – came – come(come), become – become – have become(become), run - run - run(run).
All shapes match
The next group of verbs decided not to bother at all and use one form wherever possible. Often (but not always) these are verbs consisting of one syllable and ending with a consonant, for example: cut – cut – cut(cut), put – put – put(put) shut – shut – shut(close).
Be careful with the verb to read(read): it may seem that it does not change ( read – read – read), but this is not entirely true, in the second and third forms the pronunciation changes, so this verb rather belongs to the “2=3” group.
Nothing matches
Well, all the other verbs – they all have different forms. So where there are no rules, there are no rules: begin – began – began(start off), do – did – done(do), eat – ate – eaten(There is), see – saw – seen(see) and so on.
How many irregular verbs are there and is it necessary to know them all?
Now let's assess the scale of the problem. How many irregular verbs are there in total? And, coming from a more practical point of view, is it necessary to know them all? Let's figure it out.
The most complete list of irregular verbs that I could find on the Internet consists of 638 verbs. It looks like this is really the most comprehensive list. But every verb in this list is some kind of dinosaur, for example, blin-blan-blun(this is not a joke, this is actually one of the verbs from the list). What the hell are these words? I have to admit, I don’t know. I have never encountered such words in all the years of using the English language.
I think you have already guessed that such a list hardly represents any value for an ordinary person. No, you definitely don’t need to learn 600+ irregular verbs.
How much do you need?
Trying to answer this question, I followed the path that is familiar to me from other work - as an analyst. I found a list of the 5000 most used English words, sorted by popularity; 1000 of them turned out to be verbs; In addition, I downloaded a list of irregular verbs - and compared the two lists with each other. What can you see? Among frequently used verbs there are much more irregular ones than among rare ones. If, for example, in the top 100 English verbs every second is irregular, in the next hundred every fifth is already irregular. And among the remaining 800, on average, only one in ten is incorrect.
That is, it turns out that if your vocabulary consists of 5000 words (and this is a confident upper-intermediate level, the level of if not “fluent”, then certainly “confident” language proficiency), approximately 1000 of them will be verbs, and about 140-150 of these verbs will be irregular. It is this number that you should focus on - unless, of course, you are at the Upper-Intermediate level. This is exactly how many (or maybe a little more - up to 200) words you will find in most lists of irregular verbs scattered across the Internet.
Do I need to learn irregular verbs?
Even if you focus only on the most popular 140 verbs, the scope of work opens up rather large - after all, for each verb you need to know not only the basic form, but also the second and third forms - and now in total several hundred new words have come up. Are these irregular verbs so important, is it possible to put your efforts to better use? Will they really not understand me without all these grammatical problems?
That's right, they will understand. But you are unlikely to come across as someone with whom you can have a meaningful conversation. Remember the examples of irregular verbs from the Russian language that I gave at the beginning of our conversation? What would you think of a person saying “I draw”, “I give”, together “I draw”, “I give”? Yes, you can praise your efforts, but it will be difficult to take such an interlocutor seriously. Your speech will look exactly the same to an English speaker if you start ignoring irregular verbs. In a word, if you have even the slightest serious plans for using the English language, you cannot do without irregular verbs.
How to learn irregular verbs
Are there any ways to learn irregular verbs faster and more reliably? I don't think there is one recipe that will guarantee success, but I have selected a few tips that may help. Some of them may be contradictory to each other, because, again, there is no universal system - try each one and use the ones that suit you.
Teach in groups
We have already seen above that entire groups of irregular verbs immediately change according to similar patterns. Use this - learn a group of irregular verbs at once. Often this helps save energy - instead of remembering all the forms, you, for example, will remember that this one does not change at all, or that its second and third forms are the same. And the right answer will come to your mind.
Learn by frequency
It's probably not worth teaching irregular shapes those verbs you don't know. 140-150 irregular verbs is level B2, but what if you are only at B1 or A2? There is no need to run ahead of the locomotive; in this case, it is enough to know only those verbs that correspond to your level. However, don’t forget to come back regularly and learn new verbs as you progress.
There are several lists on the Internet organized by frequency, but I found them all inconvenient, so I made my own - link at the end of the article.
Use programs/applications/games
Nobody canceled technical progress and the comforts it brings with it. There are a countless number of applications, sites, programs, games that help you learn irregular verbs. In my humble experience, not all of them can bring real benefits, but this does not mean that they should not be used at all. Search for them in Google and Yandex, install applications on phones and tablets. Even if the application turns out to be complete nonsense, there is a chance that while trying to figure out how it works, you will learn a couple of verbs - this is already a benefit.
Learn all new verbs with three forms at once
From now on, if you come across a new verb in a lesson, in a book, in a conversation - and open the dictionary to find out the meaning of this new verb (in the case where this makes sense, see “ “) - at the same time look at the correct he or not; if incorrect, how does it change. This will give you a chance to learn both the new word and the forms it takes.
Build sentences
Learn irregular verbs like a rhyme - old, proven, but not the best effective method. Maybe you, like me, are not particularly talented at memorizing poetry; the right line will fall out of your head at the most inopportune moment. Instead, treat new forms like new words - build sentences with second and third forms of the verb, come up with associations and stories, draw pictures - in short, do everything we talked about in the article ““.
Pay attention to irregular verbs when reading or listening
Now that you know about the existence of irregular verbs, pay attention to them in the texts you read, in the films you watch, in the speech you hear. At first, just take a split second to realize: you just heard one of the forms of the irregular verb, you remember its meaning and all the other forms. Of course, you don't have to spend too much effort on this - especially if you end up forgetting what the other person said. But after you encounter a verb several times in a real situation and pay attention to it, it is unlikely to be forgotten in the foreseeable future.
How to determine verb forms using a dictionary
And one last thing. What regular and irregular verbs look like English dictionaries? What’s interesting is that there will be no direct indication of whether such and such a verb is correct or incorrect in the dictionary. Apparently because the boundary between regular and irregular verbs is not very clear. There are, for example, verbs that behave as irregular in American English and as regular in British.
In addition, each dictionary has its own characteristics - for example, they do not look like anything in the Oxford online dictionary; it assumes that you already know how irregular and regular verbs change. Here's another example - online dictionary learningdictionary.com (which I highly recommend if you don't already use it). If you open the definition of a verb, right before the definition all its existing forms will be listed - starting with the -s form and ending with the -ing form. Between them - one or two, depending on whether they are the same or different - there will be either an -ed form, or forms for the past tense and for the past participle. Therefore, feel free to look into this dictionary if you want to know for sure how to do it correctly.
At this point, it’s time to end the story about regular and irregular verbs - and move on to what all this torment was for - to the tenses of the verb. We will talk about this in future articles.
Greetings to all lovers of English and grammar in particular:-P. Today you will find an interesting and useful selection again. Someone might think that irregular, modal and phrasal verbs that are important for correct speech are all you need to know. You are deeply mistaken if you think that studying regular verbs is a useless task, since everyone knows the simple mechanism when a word in the past is added [-ed]. Regular verbs of the English language In fact, regular verbs are just like irregular verbs and any others. They display the noun. If you have a noun Cook , then you also have a verb to cook . Just like when there was a common word “google”, which was used to mean “ search system
Thus, by studying regular English verbs, you learn this unit, the noun, and the grammar of the formation of the past tense - three in one. Any English language course includes the study of these words in its program. Therefore, having studied difficult irregular, modal, phrasal verbs, you should not ignore ordinary regular verbs. These words are an important part of expressing emotions and feelings and constructing sentences.
Everyone knows that regular verbs are formed by adding the ending to the second participle and the past tense [-ed]: Paint - painted - drawish b, however, following this rule, it is necessary to take into account several important nuances:
- If the word ends in “e”, then we do not duplicate it and add only the ending [-d]: Like - liked - like
- If the lexeme ends with a voiceless or hissing consonant, then the ending [-ed] is pronounced like “t”: Polish - polished - ["pɒlɪʃt] - polish,S top — stopped — - stop. Please note that when Education Past Simple in one-syllable verbs the last consonant is doubled
- In the case when a unit ends with a voiced consonant or vowel, the familiar [-ed] takes on the sound “d”: Destroy - destroyed - - to destroy. By the way, when a lexeme ends in “y” and is preceded by a consonant letter, then when [-ed] is added, the sound “y” is reduced and “i” appears in its place: Study - studied - ["stʌdɪd] - to study. In the case when there is a vowel before “y”, no additional changes occur
- If the word ends in “d” or “t”, then [-ed] is pronounced as “id”: Pretend - pretended - pretend, Start - Started - - start, start
Regular English verbs do not cause any particular difficulties, since the scheme of their formation is quite simple and transparent.
Table of 50 regular English verbs
|
50 regular English verbs |
||
| Word | Transcription | Translation |
| Ask | ɑːsk | Ask |
| Answer | ˈɑːnsə | Reply |
| Allow | əˈlaʊ | Let |
| Agree | əˈɡriː | Agree |
| Borrow | ˈbɒrəʊ | Occupy |
| Believe | bɪˈliːv | Believe |
| Copy | ˈkɒpi | Copy |
| Cook | kʊk | Prepare |
| Close | kləʊz | Close |
| Change | tʃeɪndʒ | Change |
| Carry | ˈkæri | Wear |
| Call | kɔːl | Call |
| Discuss | dɪˈskʌs | Discuss |
| Decide | dɪˈsaɪd | Decide |
| Explain | ɪkˈspleɪn | Explain |
| slip | slɪp | Slide |
| cry | kraɪ | Scream |
| Finish | ˈfɪnɪʃ | End |
| admit | əd"mɪt | Accept |
| glow | gləʋ | Shine |
| grate | grɪt | Rub, Grow |
| grip | grɪp | Grab |
| Help | help | To help |
| Happen | ˈhæpən | Happen |
| handle | "hændəl | Manage |
| Look | lʊk | Look |
| Live | lɪv | Live |
| Listen | ˈlɪsn | Listen |
| Like | laɪk | Like |
| Move | muːv | Move |
| manage | "mænɪdʒ | Lead |
| Need | niːd | Need |
| Open | ˈəʊpən | Open |
| Remember | rɪˈmembə | Remember |
| Promise | ˈprɒmɪs | Promise |
| Play | pleɪ | Play |
| Suggest | səˈdʒest | Suggest |
| Study | ˈstʌdi | Study |
| Stop | stɒp | Stop |
| Start | stɑːt | Start off |
| Travel | ˈtrævl | Travel |
| Talk | tɔːk | Speak |
| translate | trænz"leɪt | Transfer |
| Try | traɪ | Try |
| Use | juːz | Use |
| Worry | ˈwʌri | Worry |
| Work | wɜːk | Work |
| Watch | wɒtʃ | Look |
| Walk | wɔːk | Walk |
| Wait | wet | Wait |
You can download and print this table