Today, each person understands what a traffic light is. Colors: red, yellow and green - familiar even to the child.

However, there was a time when these optical devices were not, and it was not very simple to move the street. Especially in big cities passerstitis had to skip the endless horse gloses for a long time.

On cross-street streets there were confusion and endless disputes.

A small excursion

Initially, the traffic lights came up with the British. He was put in London at the end of 68 of the 19th century. Managed him man. The mechanism had two arrows. When they were in a horizontal position, the movement was forbidden, and when omitted - the passage was allowed. At night included the gas burner with which the red and green signal was served. It turned out unsafe. The gas exploded, wounded the policeman, the traffic lights removed.

Only at the beginning of the twentieth century in America, an automatic traffic light was patented. The colors were not used in it, replaced their inscriptions.

Red color is very well visible in any weather: when the sun shines brightly, it rains, or it is fog. From a physical point of view, red has a maximum wavelength. Probably, therefore, it was chosen as forbidden. Worldwide, the greatest color is equally.

Another signal on the traffic light is green. This is the color of calm, peace. It has a relaxing effect on the human brain. Green allows motion. It can be seen enough far enough, any driver long before the passage of the traffic light sees this color and calmly, without braking, overcomes the intersection.

However, as they say, there is a checked rule, according to which when driving a dangerous intersection, it is still worth slowning, even when the traffic signal shows green. This action often helps to avoid serious accidents.

Yellow - pay attention

The yellow color of the traffic light is intermediate. He carries a warning function and calls on the movement participants to pay attention. It is said that yellow color symbolizes mind, intuition and intelligence. It is usually lit after red, calling drivers to prepare for movement. As practice shows, a yellow traffic light signal Many drivers perceive as permissive and start moving. It is incorrect, although not punishable by penalties. When yellow color lights up, you need to squeeze the grip, prepare, but for the start of the movement it is better to wait for green, especially since waiting for just a couple of seconds.

In the reverse order: green, yellow, red - the traffic light does not work. In modern devices, after green, the red color immediately lights up, while in the last minutes green starts flashing.

You can also sometimes see a continuously flashing yellow traffic light signal. This suggests that the traffic light is disabled or Paul. Most often blink yellow traffic lights at night.

Pedestrian traffic lights

To regulate the movement of pedestrians, there is also a traffic light. What colors are used in it? Red and green - unequivocally, but yellow is missing as unnecessary. Special preparation for the transition of the road is not required.

Depicted usually on going men. For the convenience of pedestrians, the time count is used lately. A special stopwatch counts how many seconds it remains until the opposite signal is turned on.

As in conventional traffic lights, red forbids movement, and green indicates that the passage is open.

Driving intersection, drivers should know that pedestrians use the advantage. For example, at the intersection, the car turns right to the green traffic light signal, with pedestrians that move perpendicular road, and the green color is also burning. In this case, the motorist is obliged to miss all pedestrians and only then continue to move.

What is a "green wave"

In large metropolitans, the motorway traffic is accompanied by a large number of traffic lights that regulate the movement. The traffic light, the colors of which are known to everyone, switches them with a certain frequency. This frequency is regulated automatically and ensures the safety of vehicles.

"Green wave" is tied to the speed of the car. It is assumed that, moving at a certain average speed, the driver, hitting the green signal of the traffic light, along the entire length of the highway will also get into the green color. Three color of the traffic lights switches with a certain periodicity, and there is consistency between the next to the traffic lights. At all intersection of the tracks agreed on this principle, there is equal cyclicity.

Green Wave was designed for the convenience of passing crossroads, technically implemented this does not represent much difficulty. As a rule, on such highways, there are additionally installed signs with the recommended speed, which will ensure non-stop passage of intersections.

Assistant driver and pedestrian is a three-chapted traffic light. Colors in order switches and adjust the move, ensuring the safety of all road users. Observing in good faith, you can avoid serious accidents and unpleasant situations on the roads.

The traffic lights at first glance are all very simple and since childhood we all know them. Red - Stop, Yellow - Prepare, Green - Go. This is a very simple rule. In this article we will look at this rule deeper in the framework.

We find all pitfalls hidden in traffic lights. The most interesting will be the signals that are in the additional section of the traffic light and which signals in this section can be. We will look at the 6th chapter of the rules of the road in terms of traffic control through the crossroads of traffic lights.

6.1. Light signals of green, yellow, red and white-moon color apply in traffic lights.

Depending on the destination, the traffic lights can be round, in the form of an arrow (arrows), a silhouette of a pedestrian or bicycle and x-shaped.

Traffic lights with round signals can have one or two additional sections with signals as a green arrow (arrows), which are located at the level of the green circular signal.

Signals of the white-moon light light, in the form of a pedestrian or bicycle and X-shaped in this article we will not consider.

6.2. Round traffic lights have the following values:

• The green signal allows motion;
• The green flashing signal allows motion and informs that the time of its action will expire and the prohibitive signal will be turned on (to inform drivers about the time in seconds remaining until the end of the burning of the green signal, digital scoreboards can be applied);
• The yellow signal prohibits the movement, except for the cases provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules, and warns about the upcoming change of signals;
• A yellow flashing signal allows the movement and informs about the presence of an unregulated crossroads or a pedestrian crossing, warns of danger;
• Red signal, including flashing, prohibits movement.

The combination of red and yellow signals prohibits movement and informs about the upcoming turn on the green signal.

This PDD point describes the round lights of the traffic light. The most common traffic light, which is most often found on the roads.

6.3. The traffic lights, made in the form of a red, yellow and green arrows, have the same meaning as the round signals of the corresponding color, but their action applies only to the direction (directions), indicated by the arrows. At the same time, the arrow resolving the turn left allows the reversal, if this is not prohibited by the corresponding road sign.

The same value has a green arrow in the additional section. The shutdown signal of the additional section means prohibiting the movement in the direction adjustable by this section.

The first thing to pay attention to is that the signals are made in the form of arrows, i.e. The arrow is a signal. The signal is not circular. Under this definition does not fit the traffic lights with a contour arrow and p. 6.3 traffic rules for them are not applicable.

Second important moment, traffic lights made in the form of arrows adjust only Specified directions. For example, if the red arrow is on to the right, then the movement is prohibited only to the right, movement straight, turn to the left and turning this signal are not regulated.

Similarly, with a green arrow signal, but only provided that the arrow is in the main section of the traffic light. Determine, for example, in the dark, the main section of the traffic light or additional is very simple - if the section is additional, then there must be any signal in the main section of the traffic light, if there are no other signals, then this means that the arrow is in the main Sections.

6.4. If a black contour arrow is applied to the main green light signal, it informs drivers about the presence of an additional section of the traffic light and indicates other permitted directions of movement than the signal of the additional section.

This item describes the assignment of the outlet arrow of the traffic signal. We see that the contour arrow can be applied only in the main section, and only on the green signal of the traffic light and, unlike the signal in the form of an arrow, the contour arrow allows the movement only in the specified directions. In other directions, movement is prohibited.

On this we could finish our material if there were not a very common situation in practice. We are often found a traffic light with such a signal:

We have traffic lights with an additional section and a round signal. It would seem according to paragraph 6.3 to move towards the regulated this section forbidden.

But let's figure it out:

• According to paragraph 6.2, the round green signal allows motion in all directions, p.6.3 adjusts the traffic lights made in the form of arrows, in this case paragraph 6.3 is not applicable.
• The additional section may not be visible in the dark, and traffic lights cannot have a different value depending on the time of day.
• The direction adjustable by the additional section is unknown to us, it is only known that it is "other", from the signal in the main section, and in the main section we have a green signal allowing movement in all directions,
• The additional section may not contain a traffic light signal at all, but to be used for example for a timer.

Thus, with a given signal of the traffic light according to paragraph 6.2, the movement is allowed in all directions, if other prohibitions are not established by signs or marking.

Answer umvd.

Let's bring a brief summary:

• The circular signal of the traffic light is distributed to all directions,
• A traffic light signal made in the form of an arrow in the main section applies only to the specified direction and does not regulate the movement in other directions,
• The traffic light signal made in the form of an arrow in the additional section applies only to the specified direction and prohibits movement in other directions,
• The circular signal of the traffic light on which the contour arrow is applied only to the specified direction and prohibits movement in other directions.

And so sees the telecasting situation "Main Road" on NTV.

Goods to you without obstacles!

There was a time when go across the street of a big city was quite difficult. People standing for a long time on the sidewalk and waited for the endless stream of equestrian crews. The most impatiently overwhelmed the street, risking to get under the hoofs of horses or wheel carts.

What can we talk about our days when the flow of cars is broken into several rows! How are pedestrians cross the street? But there are still cars that move in the transverse direction, and they also need to free the road. To help road participants - and pedestrians, and drivers come traffic light . Translated from the Greek Light Light - "Light carrier". It adjusts the movement using light signals. In most traffic lights, three-colors signals are used: red, yellow and green.

Why were these color traffic lights chosen?

Red - The color of danger. He is clearly visible and afternoon, and at night, and in the rain and in the fog. It is not by chance that fire trucks of all countries are painted in red. They warn other participants in the movement of danger and demand to give them the road. Here and the red light signal prohibits movement. He seems to say: "Stop! The way is closed! "

Green Color is sharply different from red; They are impossible to confuse. Therefore, the green traffic light signal, unlike red, does not prohibit, but allows the movement. He seems to say: "The way is open! Boldly forward! "

Between the red and green "eyes" of the traffic lights put another one - yellow. He encourages drivers and peeshes to be attentive, as if speaking to them: "Attention! Soon the movement will be either permitted or prohibited. "

So they are installed in the cities of traffic lights with three sections in which the red, then yellow, then the green signal is ignited. They are called - three-set. Sometimes on traffic lights, except for three main color sections, additional green arrows are installed. They indicate the direction in which the movement is allowed.

What other traffic lights are?

Along with three-section traffic lights, there are still special traffic lights for pedestrians. They use only two light signals - red and green. They depict people-pedestrians. Red little man stands, and green - goes. It is immediately clear to any pedestrian: if a red pedestrian glows - you can not go across the road, you must stand. But if a green pedestrian is glowing - you can go around the street.

Most often, such pedestrian traffic lights are installed in those places where a large stream of cars and pedestrians are moving difficult to move the road.

Remember such a poem about traffic light

If the red light burns -

So the way is closed to you!

If yellow light burns -

"Get ready!" - He speaks.

And green light burns -

The way is open to you!

Each resident of even the smallest city since childhood, remembers the rules on traffic rules regarding the rules of transition across the road. A person has tended to grow, and many gradually become drivers gradually from pedestrians. To properly ride on the way, you need to understand not only road signs and marking, but also signals of the traffic lights.

Traffic lights at the crossroads

The most famous tricolor traffic lights consisting of the next set of colors:

• Red light signal . In a steadily burning condition, travel to the red traffic light signal is prohibited to move along the road on which the traffic light is installed. Flashing red light also prohibits movement, but also notifies the speed of signaling . This type of signal is most often used on the railway crossing, and on ordinary roads, this goal is achieved by incorporating both red and yellow signals.

• Yellow traffic light . In a steadily burning state, prohibits movement in all cases, besides the situation, when the driver crosses the road strip, but does not have time to slow down its vehicle before marking. In this situation, it is necessary, if possible, leave the crossroads zone. The yellow flashing signal of the traffic light allows movement, and also announces an unregulated intersection and a pedestrian ground transition.

• What does the green light signal mean . In a steady burning condition allows traffic along the road strip. Green flashing light signal allows you to move, but also warns about the expiration of burning time.

Also on many roads there are possible additions to the traffic light. Recently, setting timers specifying the time of operation of the resolution signal. Additionally, the arrows, which are mounted at the level of green lamp or on one side or on both sides.

What do traffic lights mean

The rules of movement at various signals of traffic lights with arrows can be characterized as follows:

Traffic light with two arrows	Tram traffic lights	Fireless TC
		Single-band traffic	Two-band traffic	Three-band traffic
Only the central green traffic light	Movement only forward	Movement only forward	Movement only forward	Movement only forward
Central Green Traffic Signal + Right Arrow	Move forward + right	Move forward + right		Move forward for everyone, move right only for extreme right strip
Central Green Signal + Left Arrow	Forward + left	Move forward + left + reversal		Move forward for everyone, movement left or turn only for left extreme stripes
Central Green Signal + Both Arrows	Movement is allowed in all directions	Forward moving + turns + turn		Move forward for all, turns for extreme bands according to the rules, turning only for the extreme left strip
Red Light Signal + Right Arrow	Movement is only right	Movement is only right		Movement only right and only for the right strip. For the remaining bands, motion is prohibited.
Red Light Signal + Left Arrow	Movement only to the left	Movement only to the left or turn		Movement only for the left strip: Rotate or turn. The remaining bands are standing.
Red Signal + Both Arrows	Ahead is prohibited, turns allowed	Ahead is prohibited, turns and turn are allowed	The movement forward is prohibited, turns in both directions and a turn from the extreme left strip are allowed	The movement forward is prohibited, turns in both sides are allowed only from the extreme stripes, the turn is allowed only from the extreme left strip.
Only red signal	Road up	Road up	Road up	Road up

For a set of standard traffic light and one arrow, the requirements are less strict.

Thus, take as an example three-band road. If a green traffic light signal is on with the right arrow, then the rules specified in the table will be valid for the central and right band. At the same time, standard instructions of traffic rules are valid for the left band. The prohibitive signal obeys the same limitations. In the daytime, such an addition to the traffic light is clearly visible, but it is not always possible to see it at night. For this reason, the black contours of the arrows are pasted on the central signal indicating the action for a specific strip of the road. If there is no such schematic image on the green lantern, the signal is valid for all participants in the movement, regardless of their location on the road. There are also traffic lights in which the arrows are indicated instead of the usual round road signal. In this case, the traffic control occurs only for those directions to indicate the arrows.

At night, most traffic lights are turned off, and they are included in the mode of yellow blinking light. In this case, the intersection is considered unregulated and must pass on the relevant requirements of traffic rules.

Pedestrian traffic light signal and bicycle transition

On traffic lights for these participants, there are only 2 sections. For pedestrians, a person is depicted, and for cyclists their two-wheeled transport. In the area of \u200b\u200bpedestrian transitions, traffic lights are increasingly equipped with a timer indicating the waiting time and time allotted for the transition. Additionally, a speaker can be installed for the deaf, announcing the allowed direction of the transition, as well as its beginning and end.

In some cases, with cycling tracks, reduced analogues of road three-section traffic lights can be used, under which a white plate with a bicycle sign is fixed.

Reversing traffic lights

These signals are used on the roads of the same name when the movement can be carried out in some and the other way. Direction of travel on a particular lane of a reversing road is determined by the degree of workload for each side. The following types of signals are used:

• the red cross in the form of the letter "X" - prohibits the movement on a specific strip of the reversing road;

• the yellow arrow pointing to the right - prescribes the driver to rebuilt on the traffic strip, located near the right side;

• green arrow directly - allows motion on this strip.

Such types of roads did not get much distribution in the Russian Federation, so few drivers are familiar with a similar movement.

Value Signal Signals for Rail Transport

Trash Light Signals

For trams, a white four-particle traffic light is used in the form of a symbol "T". Movement for them is allowed solely when the lower signal is turned on, and the upper cells indicate possible directions of movement.

Railway traffic light also often has a white lamp in its arsenal, which regulates movement through moving:

The traffic lights on the railway crossing on the railway can also be both red and flash alternately. In this case, the passage is strictly prohibited. Movement is allowed only when both lamps are turned off.

Fine for non-compliance with traffic lights

For violation of the instructions of the electronic regulator, the following penalties are prescribed:

• penalty for the red light signal - not less than 1000 p, with a re-pass to the prohibitory signal of the traffic light, at least 5,000 rubles or the deprivation of Wu for a period of 4-6 months, Article 12.12 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation;

• fine for travel on the yellow traffic signal - for the first violation, 1000 rubles threatens, with a re-violation, the size of the fine will be 5,000 rubles or the deprivation of driver's license for a period of 4 to 6 months;

• non-compliance with stop line in front of the crossroads - Not less than 800 r.

• when traveling to a reversing movement when the traffic light is turned off - not less than 5,000 p, because due to the traffic operating on the other side, the movement can be regarded as departing to the oncoming lane;

• in case of non-compliance with reversing road - At least 500 rubles under Article 12.15 of the Administrative Code.

Compliance with traffic police prescriptions allows you to adjust traffic in such a way that the participants of the movement are in more secure and convenient conditions. Therefore, in order not to increase for yourself and other likelihoods in the accident, you should be careful on the roads. It will help to keep any budget, but also life.

Video: What do traffic lights and adjustment signals and the rules of the crossroads mean.

Why exactly red, yellow and green began to be used worldwide as colors for traffic lights? Why doesn't the choice fell on some other colors? In fact, there are two reasons that explain this choice.

The explanation of the number one is connected with physics, the second reason is directly related to psychology and with the possibilities of human perception of colors.

According to experts, the red color for many animals is the main hazard signal. For road participants, red also signals a dangerous situation on the road - the ability to move a pedestrian or get into an accident in case of unnecessary traffic lights. Red, falling into the field of view, nervous centers should be excited, both at drivers and pedestrians and become a symbol of closely in danger.

It is also worth mentioning that this particular range of colors is red, yellow and green - always perfectly perceived by the human eye. This is due to physical factors, in particular with a wavelength.

A person must easily perceive red and green signals, identifying them as a permitting and prohibiting, that way it happens.
By the way, even a longtonik, which is not able to distinguish between red and green, is able to identify them along various matches of gray.

It should also be mentioned that our eyes react differently to the light of different wavelengths, reacting with different sensitivity - greater or less. Choosing a green color as an authorizing signal is also not accidental. Green is as close as possible to the level of the perceived part of the spectrum. That is, the green man is able to see from the largest distance.