Latest photos of the military archive of Finland. Soviet-Finnish war in photographs (89 photos)

04.04.2020

In the “Photo Fund” section, Bird In Flight talks about interesting photo archives on the Web. In today's issue are military photographs of Finland from 1939-1945.

Last year, on the eve of Veterans Day, the Finnish military department published more than 160,000 photographs from the Winter War of 1939-1940, the Soviet-Finnish War of 1941-1944 and the Lapland War (between Finland and Germany, September 1944 - April 1945).

The photographs depict soldier's life, destruction after the bombing, the military industry, as well as life in the rear - in particular, harvesting, family portraits, boxing fights and football matches, weddings.

In 1941, the Finnish General Staff founded nine news agencies, subordinate to which were about 150 photographers working at the front. Many of their photographs appeared in the press, but most were never published. In order to digitize the films, the photo department of the Finnish military department took three and a half years. In 2014, the archive was updated - about 800 additional photos and videos appeared, including news stories from 1940-1944.

Visitors to the site can edit descriptions for photos and leave comments (now there are already more than 10,000). Some, for example, try to identify places, equipment and people in the pictures. In August, the site became part of the national service Finna.fi, a project of the National Electronic Library, created on the initiative of the Ministry of Education and Culture of Finland.

Archive searches are only in Finnish, so for convenience it’s best to use sorting by date or category (Winter War, Continuation War, Lapland War). The oldest photographs in the archive are dated January 1939, the latest - November 1945.

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_03.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 03", "text": "Anti-aircraft artillery fire, 1943.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_02.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 02", "text": "Crossing the Simo River, 1944. Photo: Kim Borg . ")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_04.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 04", "text": "Aerial observation of the Lotta River, 1942. Photo: Karl Rosenquist. ")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_05.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 05", "text": "Nurmoyil Airport, 1943. Photo: Nilo Helander." )

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_06.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 06", "text": "Parade in Vyborg, 1941. Photo: Erki Beaver. ")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_07.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 07", "text": "Skiing, 1942.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_08.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 08", "text": "Raysala, 1939.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_09.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 09", "text": "Sum, 1939.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_10.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 10", "text": "Isthmus, 1939.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_11.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 11", "text": "Watchman. Sum, 1939.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_12.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 12", "text": "Semi-island, 1940.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_13.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 13", "text": "Vyborg, 1939.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_14.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 14", "text": "Helsinki, 1939.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_15.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 15", "text": "Kuolayayarvi (now the village of Pionerskoye, Leningrad Region), 1939. ")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_16.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 16", "text": "February 1940.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_17.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 17", "text": "Hein-yoki (now - the village of Veshchevo, Leningrad Region ), 1939. ")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_18.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 18", "text": "Cannus, 1939.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_19.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 19", "text": "Isthmus tour. Cannus, 1939.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_20.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 20", "text": "October 1939.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_21.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 21", "text": "Evacuated in Kotka and Heinola, 1939.")

("img": "/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/fin_22.jpg", "alt": "The SA Photo Archive 22", "text": "Vyborg, 1939.")

November 30, 1939, exactly 78 years ago, the Soviet-Finnish war began, later called the Winter War. Throughout the autumn of the same year, he was negotiating with the Finnish government on transferring part of the Finnish territory to the USSR, and after receiving the refusal he brought in troops and created the puppet "Finnish People's Republic", which was supposed to replace the legitimate government of Finland.

To some extent, the Winter War also affected my family - after school, my grandmother had a young man with whom they were going to get married. In the fall of 1939 he was taken to the Red Army and sent to war, where he died, having frozen in the Finnish forest. My grandmother later married, but as I found out later, all my life I remembered that of my first (and, perhaps, the only real) love.

In today's post - a story about how the USSR attacked Finland.

For starters, as usual, a little history. In 1917, following the collapse of the Russian Empire, Finland became an independent state. Relations with the USSR remained tense - in the USSR, the Finnish authorities called the "White Finns" and continued to perceive Finland as part of the lost territory. By the way, the term “white-Finns” itself (just like “white-poles”) is a simple propaganda stamp - it is obvious that by it they meant “opponents of the Reds”, i.e. the same as the "White Guards" during the Civil War. But the White movement and the White Guards advocated a single and indivisible Russian empire and did not recognize any independent Poland and Finland - so calling Finnish proponents of independence "White Finns" is nonsense.

Throughout almost all of the thirties, the USSR climbed to Finland with initiatives, offering to "move the border" and transfer part of the territory to the USSR, as well as allow the deployment of Soviet military bases on its territory. The Finns did not agree to Soviet conditions - partly because the USSR demanded that the strategically important Mannerheim Line, which later played a decisive role in the defense of Finland, be given under the pretext of danger of attack - "your fences look at us somehow unfriendly!" The last negotiations, held in Moscow on November 3, 1939, ended in nothing - the Finnish government firmly stood on the principle of the country's territorial indivisibility.

November 26, after a lull, an article appears in the newspaper Pravda "The Pea Jester as Prime Minister", with which the anti-Finnish propaganda campaign started - the Finns immediately became "white Finns", "undeveloped White Guard", and in general, another blood enemy.

On November 26, 1939, the so-called “Mainil incident” occurred - the Red Army fired on the Soviet village of Mainil, which she blamed on the Finns, and four days later the USSR started the war. In the photo - Soviet tanks in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Mannerheim Line:

02. Interestingly, Soviet propaganda did not particularly advertise the Maynil incident as a pretext for starting a war, as the word "war" was almost never used - Soviet citizens were told that the Soviet Union was committing great liberation trip to Finlandto help Finnish workers and peasants overthrow the oppression of the capitalists. A vivid example of Soviet propaganda of those years was the song "Take Us, Suomi Beauty" with these words:

"We come to help you deal,
To pay with interest for shame
Take us, beauty beautiful Suomi
In a necklace of transparent lakes!

Tanks are breaking wide openings,
Airplanes circling in the clouds
Low sun of autumn
Lights the bayonet lights.

We used to fraternize with victories
And again we carry in battle
On the roads paved with grandfathers
Red star glory.

A lot of lies over the years
To confuse the Finnish people.
Open now trustingly to us
Halves of the wide gate! "

Grandfathers, tanks, everything, everything is as it should be) By the way, judging by the "low sun of autumn" in the text, the USSR planned to start the war a little earlier, in the midst of autumn, and not on the last day. And this is how the "confused Finnish people" met the great liberators, this is the Finnish border patrol on skis - there were about half as many Finnish soldiers as Soviet soldiers, but they were better prepared:

03. It will be interesting further, watch your hands, as they say) On December 1, 1939, the newspaper Pravda published a message stating that Finland had been formed "People's Republic of Finland"led by the "government of the Finnish people." Already on December 2, the government of this "republic" was invited to Moscow, where it immediately signed all the agreements on the terms of the USSR, concluded an "agreement on mutual assistance and friendship" and immediately agreed to transfer all the requested territories to the USSR.

That is, in fact, a virtual republic was created on the territory of Finland on behalf of which all the agreements were concluded on the conditions necessary for the USSR. In parallel with this, the formation of the "Finnish People's Army" began, this "people's" army was to replace the occupying units of the Red Army and "hoist the red flag in Helsinki." There were rumors everywhere that the real army of independent Finland was about to capitulate, and the real government was about to run, if it wasn’t already running.

The Finns, meanwhile, quite successfully continued to restrain the Soviet offensive, in the photo there is a machine gun nest on the Mannerheim line.

04. The mountain rifle units of the Finnish troops - the actual "special forces" of those years, designed for reconnaissance and targeted strike operations.

05. A lot of volunteers were enlisted in the Finnish army to protect Finland - many of them knew how to shoot well, plus they knew all the roundabout paths. In the photo - an ordinary civilian bus brings volunteers to the front line, people dress in winter camouflage and ski:

06. A civilian vehicle adapted by volunteers for military purposes. For a more secretive movement in a winter forest, the car was camouflaged with white paint. On such cars people were brought to the front, as well as food and warm clothes.

07. The topic with the “People’s Republic” withered quickly enough, since the Finns quite successfully restrained the onslaught of the Soviet troops, and in general the people did not support the government of the “People’s Republic”. Since January 25, the government of the USSR decided not to mention the “People’s Republic” anymore and recognized the government in Helsinki as the legitimate government of Finland - in general, they tortured and abandoned it.

In the photo - Finnish soldiers in positions in the forest dugouts:

08. Supply of field units - local Finns bring provisions and warm clothes to combat positions.

09. Supply cart in the forest:

10. Finnish "ghost squads" that appeared as if from nowhere:

11. On November 30, 1939, Soviet planes appeared over Helsinki, of which at first leaflets scattered with such text - "You know that we have bread - you will starve it. Soviet Russia will not harm the Finnish people. The government will lead you to disaster.". On the same day, after leaflets, high-explosive and incendiary bombs rained down on the city.

12. The center of Helsinki burned, set ablaze by "zhazaly". About 50 bombs fell on Frederiksgatan Street, where the huge building of the Institute of Technology and several five-six-story houses were completely destroyed, cars were burning.

13. Burnt houses on Federiksgatan street, firefighters dismantle smoky blockages:

14. People hid from bombing in nearby forests:

15. Finnish mother with her son in a forest in a suburb of Helsinki. In total, about 1,000 people died from Soviet bombing in the city.

16. The ruins of Helsinki. Speaking in the international press, then-Foreign Minister Molotov said that Soviet planes did not drop bombs, but only leaflets and humanitarian aid.

17. By the end of December, it became clear that the “blitzkrieg” of the Red Army did not work, the troops got stuck and went on to positional operations. The Finns used the tactics of partisan detachments - attacked in small groups of skiers, and then dissolved in the forest. Plus, the Soviet troops were all very poorly equipped.

18. Finnish volunteer on a bicycle:

19. Finnish fortifications on the Mannerheim Line, the remains of the “first generation” bunkers (built in the early 1920s).

20. The political instructor winds up Soviet soldiers against the "white Finns". By the way, pay attention to helmets - in the photo there are completely SSH-36 helmets, or in common vernacular “halkingolki”. Such helmets were often used during the war of 1941-45, but almost never appeared in military feature films, apparently due to the similarity with German helmets.

21. Finnish soldiers in positions:

22. The dead Soviet soldiers. Many people who died in that war, by the way, did not fall in battle, but died from hypothermia.

23. Captured Soviet soldiers at the Finns. I wonder if there are statistics, how many of the prisoners wanted to stay in Finland?

24. Gustav Mannerheim (left), responsible for the defense of Finland.

As a result of the peace treaty, which put an end to this useless war, the USSR acquired miserable territories, having lost 65,384 people killed, 248,000 sick, wounded and frostbite, 15,921 people died in hospitals, 14043 people went missing.

Write in the comments what you think about this.

The Soviet-Finnish war is one of the most closed topics of Soviet history. Since the proclamation
Independence Finland in December 1917, territorial claims constantly arose between it and the USSR. But they more often became the subject of negotiations. The situation changed in the late 30s, when it became clear that the Second World War would soon begin. The USSR demanded from Finland non-participation in the war against the USSR, and permission to build Soviet military bases on Finnish territory. Finland hesitated and pulled time.

The situation escalated with the signing of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact, according to which Finland belonged to the sphere of interests of the USSR. The Soviet Union began to insist on its conditions, although it offered certain territorial concessions in Karelia. But the Finnish government rejected all the proposals. Then on November 30, 1939 the invasion of Soviet troops on the territory of Finland began. The offensive at first was not successful.

The approaching winter, the wooded and marshland and the desperate resistance of the Finns interfered. In addition, on the line of the main strike - the Karelian Isthmus there was a line of field fortifications, which was called the "Mannerheim Line". Soviet troops were not ready for battles with powerful fortifications and at first retreated. And only in March 1940 they managed to break through this line and capture the city of Vyborg.

The Finnish government, seeing that there were no hopes, entered into negotiations and a peace treaty was signed on March 12. According to the results of the war: 26 thousand military personnel died on the Finnish side, 126 thousand died on the Soviet side. The USSR received new territories and pushed the border from Leningrad. Finland, later on, sided with Germany. The USSR was expelled from their League of Nations.

Finns with the captured Soviet banner.

On the second day of the war with Finland, the USSR recognizes the government of the Finnish Democratic Republic, led by the Finnish communist Kuusinen. However, in the future, the USSR sat down at the negotiating table with the Finnish government and this project was curtailed.

Vyacheslav Molotov signs a mutual assistance and friendship agreement with the Kuusinen government.
Behind him (from left to right): A.A. Zhdanov, K.E. Voroshilov, I.V. Stalin, O.V. Kuusinen (head of the puppet government “Finland Democratic Republic”).

Hero of the Soviet Union Lieutenant M.I. Sipovich and captain Korovin on a captured Finnish bunker.

Soviet soldiers visiting the observation cap of the captured Finnish bunker.

A Soviet officer examines Finnish handcuffs found in the Vyborg castle.

Soviet soldiers are preparing a Maxim machine gun for anti-aircraft fire.

Burning after the bombing of a house in the Finnish city of Turku.

The Soviet sentry is next to the Soviet quad anti-aircraft machine gun mount based on the Maxim machine gun.

Soviet soldiers dig a Finnish border post near the Mainil border post.

Soviet military dog \u200b\u200bbreeders separate battalion liaison with liaison dogs.

Soviet border guards visiting the captured Finnish weapons.

Finnish soldier next to the downed Soviet fighter I-15 bis.

Stroy fighters and commanders of the 123rd Infantry Division on the march after the fighting on the Karelian Isthmus.

Finnish soldiers in the trenches near Suomussalmi during the Winter War.

Captured Red Army soldiers captured by the Finns in the winter of 1940.

Finnish soldiers in the forest are trying to disperse, noticing the approach of Soviet aircraft.

The frozen Red Army soldier of the 44th Infantry Division.

Frozen in the trenches of the Red Army of the 44th Infantry Division.

Soviet wounded lies on a table for casting, made from improvised means.

Finnish fire brigade during a training session in Helsinki.

Three Corners Park in Helsinki with open slots for shelter in case of an air raid.

Blood transfusion before surgery in a Soviet military hospital.

Finnish women in the factory sew winter camouflage /

Finnish soldier walks past a broken Soviet tank column

Finnish soldier fires from a Lahti-Salorant M-26 light machine gun /

Residents of Leningrad welcome tankers of the 20th Tank Brigade on T-28 tanks returning from the Karelian Isthmus /

Finnish soldier with a machine gun Lahti-Salorant M-26 /

Finnish soldiers with a machine gun "Maxim" M / 32-33 in the forest.

Finnish calculation of the Maxim anti-aircraft machine gun.

Finnish Vickers tanks lined up near the Pero station.

Finnish soldiers at the 152 mm Kane gun.

Finnish civilians who fled their homes during the Winter War.

Broken column of the Soviet 44th division.

Soviet SB-2 bombers over Helsinki.

Three Finnish skiers on the march.

Two Soviet soldiers with a machine gun "Maxim" in the forest on the Mannerheim Line.

Burning house in the Finnish city of Vaasa (Vaasa) after the Soviet air raid.

View of Helsinki street after the raid of Soviet aircraft.

A house in the center of Helsinki, damaged after a raid by Soviet aircraft.

Finnish soldiers raise the frozen body of a Soviet officer.

The Finnish soldier looks at the disguised prisoners of war.

Captured by the Finns, a Soviet prisoner is sitting on a box.

Captured Red Army soldiers enter the house under the escort of Finnish soldiers.

Finnish soldiers are taking a wounded dog-sled comrade.

Finnish orderlies carry a wounded man with a wounded man near the tent of a field hospital.

Finnish doctors load a stretcher with a wounded man into an AUTOKORI OY ambulance bus.

Finnish skiers with deer and dragons on a halt during a retreat.

Finnish soldiers dismantled captured Soviet military equipment.

Sandbags covering the windows of a house on Sofiankatu Street in Helsinki.

Tanks T-28 of the 20th Heavy Tank Brigade before entering a combat operation.

Soviet tank T-28, shot down on the Karelian Isthmus in the region of height of 65.5.

Finnish tanker next to the captured Soviet T-28 tank.

Residents of Leningrad welcome tankers of the 20th heavy tank brigade.

Soviet officers on the background of the Vyborg castle.

Finnish air defense soldier looks at the sky through a rangefinder.

Finnish ski battalion with deer and dragons.

Swedish volunteer in position during the Soviet-Finnish war.

The calculation of the Soviet 122-mm howitzer on the position during the Winter War.

Vestovoy on a motorcycle sends a message to the crew of the Soviet armored car BA-10.

Pilots Heroes of the Soviet Union - Ivan Pyatykhin, Alexander Flying and Alexander Kostylev.

The word "Talvisota" in Finnish means "Winter War" - an armed conflict between the USSR and Finland from November 30, 1939 to March 13, 1940. As a result of the war, the territory of the Karelian Isthmus, with the cities of Vyborg and Sortavala, a number of islands in the Gulf of Finland, part of the Finnish territory with the city of Kuolajärvi, fell to the Soviet Union. Due to territorial changes, the State border of the USSR was established 160 kilometers from Leningrad, which subsequently played an important role in the Great Patriotic War. The war with the Finns turned into heavy losses for the USSR, despite the superior forces of the Red Army. The general course of hostilities showed a low level of preparedness for the command staff of the Red Army. This material presents the photo-moments of Talvisota, the most unpopular war of the Soviet Union and the Pyrrhic victory of the Red Army.

1) Soviet soldiers dig a border post on the border with Finland.

2) November 30, 1939. The soldiers cross the state border of Finland.

3)

4) Wire fences in the defensive positions of the Finns.

5) Having crossed the state border, the Red Army went on the offensive.

6) Finnish cuckoo arrows. The term "Cuckoo" is found in Soviet military literature (link) in the 1941 editions. “Cuckoo” is a sniper or a soldier armed with a submachine gun, who chose tree branches as a fighting position. Tree shooting took place in the Soviet-Finnish war, but was not a mass phenomenon. Often there were times when a sniper had to change his position, and while sitting on branches, he lost his maneuver and freedom of movement. Also, the term "cuckoo" was used by Finnish military propaganda to suppress the morale of the Red Army.

7) Finnish arrows. The difference in uniforms of Finns and Soviet soldiers is immediately evident. If the representatives of the country of Suomi were equipped in white camouflage uniforms that allowed them to completely dissolve in the local landscapes, the Red Army men were dressed in overcoats, earflaps, “budenovki”, which made them vulnerable to Finnish snipers, especially against the background of white snow.

8) The defeated convoy convoy of the Red Army.

9) The President of Finland, Kyousti Kallio, in the position of machine-gun calculation of the 7.62-mm anti-aircraft machine gun ITKK 31 VKT.

10) Another feature of the organization of formations of the Finnish army is the mobile squads of skiers. In the prevailing weather conditions, ski training played a decisive role in maneuvering and moving troops.

11)

12) The defensive position of the Finns.

13)

14) Finnish soldier with a machine gun Lahti-Saloranta M-26. Subsequently, the Finns preferred to use the Degtyarev Soviet machine gun.

15) The Finnish calculation of the Austro-Hungarian machine gun Schwarzlose.

16) Swedish volunteer in the Finnish army in a combat position. The wearing of the balaclava was distinguished by a twofold phenomenon - on the one hand, it saved from the cold, on the other hand, when it was worn for a long time due to air exhaled by a soldier in the conditions of thirty-degree frost, ice crusts formed on the wool surface.

17) The soldiers are preparing to go on the attack in the Vyborg area.

18) The Finns from the captured Soviet flamethrower tank HT-26.

19) A Finnish soldier inspects the crushed convoy of red army vehicles.

20) Soviet prisoners of war captured at Suomussalmi in December 1939. The 44th and 163rd divisions of the Red Army were surrounded by Finnish units in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Raaten road and the village of Suomussalmi.

21) Captured Red Army soldiers.

22) Looking at photos of depressed Soviet soldiers, you begin to understand why the theme of the Finnish war was unpopular in the USSR.

23)

24)

25) The numb bodies of the Red Army. In January 1940, the temperature dropped to -35 degrees Celsius.

26)

27)

28)

29)

30) The Finns put a wounded colleague on a dog sled.

31) For a long time in the spring of 1940, when the snow began to melt, the locals found the decaying bodies of Soviet troops.

32) It is difficult to say something in this particular case. In war, a priori, there is no morality or any values. That's why it was a war ... The Finns used the frozen corpse of a Soviet military serviceman as a road sign.

33) The Finns examine the dead Red Army soldiers.

34) Suomussalmi. The harsh irony of war ... Finnish soldiers pose next to the body of a frozen Red Army soldier.

35) The Finns raise the stiffened body of a Soviet officer.

36) Finnish propaganda and ideological structures did not miss the opportunity to apply moral and psychological influence on the suppressed Red Army soldiers as a result of the defeat of the Soviet two divisions near Suomussalmi. Similar leaflets were thrown on the front line towards the Soviet positions.

37)

38) The symbol of the Finnish "cuckoos" Simo "Valkoinen Kuolema" (white death) Hyayuha.

39) Simo Hyayuha is one of the most productive snipers - aces. From the M / 28 rifle ("pustyukorva") he shot 542 Red Army soldiers. Another 200 soldiers and officers Hyoyuha shot from a submachine gun. Simo was short (about fifty-two meters). This allowed him to disguise himself well. A distinctive feature of his sniper tactics was the use of an open sight. He rejected the optical sight due to glare in the sun from the glass, which could give out his whereabouts. In March 1940, Hyayuha was wounded by a bullet in the cheekbone and ended his military service. At home, he was a cult historical figure with the status of a national hero.

40) Simo Hyayuha after being wounded.

41) Nevertheless, despite significant losses, the Red Army broke through the famous "Mannerheim Line" and launched an offensive on February 11, 1940 on the entire front.

42) Taken in parts of the Red Army height.

43) Finnish prisoners of war.

44) Killed Finns in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Karelian Isthmus.

45) The Red Army captured the battle flag of Shutskor - the Finnish security corps.

46) The Red Army with a flag on a taken bunker in the region of the Karelian Isthmus. The war with Finland ended on March 12, 1940.

On the eve of the war in Finland, nine information companies were formed, subordinated to the main headquarters. During the Second World War, their numbers ranged from eight to twelve; About 150 photographers served on the front lines. The photographs they took were to provide footage of real battles, as well as material that would be relevant from the point of view of military history and ethnography.

Some pictures were published in the press, but most of them remained in the closed archives of the photo department of the headquarters. Now this legacy is in online archive and accessible to the general public.

The Finnish wartime archive of photographs contains black and white and color photographs of both front-line soldiers and civilians working in the rear. On the website of the photo archive report:

“You are looking at a unique historical collection of Finnish wartime photographs. The digitized archive contains about 160,000 images from the Second World War, covering the period from the autumn of 1939 to the summer of 1945. The photographs depict life at the front caused by explosions of destruction, the military industry, the evacuation of Finnish Karelia residents, as well as events and operations at the front. ”

All high-resolution images can be viewed, downloaded, edited and published, indicating the source sA-kuva online archive.

Alakurtti village, September 1941.

Shooting soldiers, 1941.