Composition-description of actions (with samples of work).
It would seem boring to write an essay describing the actions, but if you approach it creatively, you will get a very interesting work. What you need to remember when working on such an essay? First of all, the fact that such an essay consists of three parts:
1. Preparation for work.
2. Description of the work process.
3. The result of the work.
In addition, you need to select the necessary verbs and adverbs, because it will be a lot of them in the text. Special attention need to give adverbs and wordsdenoting a sequence of actions such asfirst, at first, preliminary, then (\u003d then), after this, little by little, in the next instant, at the end of everything etc. Remember that in such an essay proverbs, sayings, and various idioms will be appropriate. Well, now we read the essays written by students of grade 7a.
How I baked a cake.
Once I got excited about the desire for my parents to bake a cake.I opened the recipe book and started looking for the one for which there were groceries in the house. I found him and got down to business.
First, I laid out all the necessary ingredients on the table and took turns to mix them in a cup. When I filled the flour, I suddenly sneezed, and the flour scattered all over the table. Then I poured milk into the cup, spilling it a little; poured sugar, which spilled on the table. And I forgot to put the oil at all. Finally, the cakes were ready, and I put them in the oven one by one. While they were preparing, I washed the kitchen. This is the bell, it means that the cakes have been baked and it is time to listen to them from the oven. It's time to smear themmouth-watering cream. When I did this and moved around the table, I accidentally stepped on the tailto my cat. He grabbed my leg, and I was afraid to drop the cream on his head.
Finally my cake was readyand he looked very appetizing. And the cat calmed down and licked it with pleasurecream paw.
Here the parents came, and the three of us sat down to drink tea with a cake. Everyone liked the cake.And after drinking tea, I bathed my cat and said: "Do not go under the hot hand!"
Ekaterina Burnysheva
Mom is sewing.
I really like to watch my mother sew. She gently applies the pattern to the fabric, looks to see if all the details are laid correctly, and then cleaves the pattern with the fabric. Following this, the mother takes the pattern and the chalk, as if by the contour of the pattern encircles it, and then cuts the details from the fabric with large scissors. She chops off the necessary parts, sweeps them by hand and starts sewing on a sewing machine. My mom’s line is smooth, without zigzags. Mom puts on the unfinished thing on the customer, cleaves in those places where she does not like something, and draws somethingchalked directly onto the fabric. It is difficult to find out the future beautiful dress or skirt at the fitting. Then the thing is sutured, ironed, at the end of the work, finishing details are sewn.
Finally, the new thing is ready, and it can be worn with pleasure.
Elizabeth Sukhoterina
Easter cake.
I really like to watch how a holiday is born, how cakes are baked at home, fragrant, ruddy, unusually tasty and bewitching with their beauty.
Mom begins to bake Easter cakes on a clean Thursday. The house must be in perfect order. Mom puts flour, raisins, butter, eggs, vanilla on the table and conjures over the dough. First, she kneads the dough well, and then makes sure that it "does not run away." While the dough is coming, mom prepares special forms, greases them with butter and puts them on the table so that they are at hand. When the dough is well suited, it is laid out in forms. But the mother fills out the forms only by a third, because cakes during baking will still rise.
Each housewife decorates cakes in her own way. My mom lubricates themwhipped protein with sugar and sprinkled with colored sugar peas and colored figures of animals: horses, bunnies, turtles.
Further, as a rule, Easter cakes are lit in the church. This is a folk custom. When lit cakes are brought from the church, mom cuts the largest, and our family drinks tea. We praise the Easter cakes and tell our mother that the Easter cakes went out well with her, because "a good housewife burns things in her hands."
Olesya Naprienko
The birth of the canvas.
I really like to draw and enjoy watching how a picture is born.
Once, looking into the painting office, I saw that a girl was sitting at the easel. I walked closer. And what do I see? I see a pencil in her hands. Pencil up, pencil down. And then the lines appear. Quite quiet.I come closer. The girl takes paints and with slow strokes with a wide brush draws the background. The gentle movements of her hand - and the sky turns blue, and the grass green. Another brushstroke, and a tree appeared. The artist slowly draws every crack, even the ants on this tree. Lovely! Now flowers begin to appear. At the rose, she draws every petal and every dewdrop, gives the tulip a rich pink color, and daisies get only a yellow eye, but that one is drawn with great accuracy. The last daisy - and the picture is finished, it turned out bright, vibrant,just wonderful.
Daria Borzenkova
Pancakes.
Once at a carnival, the girls and I decided to bake pancakes. Found a recipe, brought products: milk, flour, eggs, sugar, salt and butter.The work began to boil. Five eggs were laid in an enameled pan, milk was poured and mixed thoroughly. It turned out a little thick, so you need to add more milk. The dough is ready. We heated the pan and greased it with oil. Now the most crucial moment: you can bake the first pancake. We decided to bake in turn. Alena confidently took the cooker, scooped up the dough and evenly poured it into the pan. On the one hand, the pancake has subsided - it's time to turn it over. Who would have thought it was so hard! Damn stubbornly did not want to disconnect from the pan. We gave Alena advice, then we took turns trying to turn the pancake ourselves. In the end, the pancake exploded and turned into a lump. "Well, then, the first pancake is lumpy!" - we laughed.Scraped it and began to bake the next, but with him we did not succeed. Then mom came to the rescue. She suggested that you wipe the pan with salt, wipe it dry and pour over oil again. And now another pancake hisses in a frying pan, its edges have become lacy, and the smell is just stupefying. We turned this pancake without difficulty. For a whole slide of pancakes flaunts on a plate. You can celebrate Shrovetide.
When the girls and I were drinking tea with pancakes, we realized that the food prepared by our own hands is especially tasty.
Ekaterina Trishina
Fishing.
One summer, my father and I decided to go fishing. We woke up early that day, threw on jackets, took provisions and worms accumulated from the evening, got on bicycles and went to the river.
We sat with fishing rods for a long time, but the floats did not move, although Dad said that he would bite best at dawn. I got the idea of \u200b\u200bhooking bread and a worm onto a hook right away. So I did. Suddenly my float began to pull down. Hooray! Dad congratulated me on the initiative. Then things went more fun. When I wanted to extend the fishing rod again, the fishing line suddenly pulled, and the fishing rod began to bend menacingly. Dad came to the rescue, andwe began to pull the fishing rod together. We carefully led the fishing rod to the shore, afraid that the fishing line would break. Finallywe pulled out a fishing rod and saw a huge bream on the hook. At home we weighed the fish, and it turned out that it weighed as much as the rest of the catch.
I was extremely proudby myself. Well, let them say that beginners are always lucky.
Vladimir Sigaev
I am very glad that the skill of my students is growing and that the work almost does not require correction.
Teacher of Russian language and literature L.G. Pletneva
Many of us are tormented by the question: how to colorfully describe the actions of the character and avoid various errors? Well, let's start the excursion!
First, attention should be paid to eliminating the smallest logical inaccuracies: for example, if at the beginning of the process of food absorption the heroine “deftly picked up the omelet pieces lying on a plate with a fork”, and at the end of breakfast went to the sink in order to wash a spoon and a bowl - this is not entirely comme il faut.
You need to carefully monitor how the character’s actions are connected with each other in a logical chain. For example: after a peaceful conversation between Chocolate Cookies and Warm Milk there should not be the death of the first hero, since an intimate conversation could not lead to similar fascist movements on the part of the second character. Only if you, of course, do not write about Milk, which is also a mentally ill maniac.
Another important tip: if your hero does not live the life of Mary or Marty, then you do not need to paint his actions in the manner: "I got up, I went, I went, I got dressed, I walked." II, your gain and the head of a dick! Guys, well, really, don’t.
The same type of funky fanfiction even "for neighing" does not deliver at all, as it should. Watson, they feel sick, it's elementary!
Now let's move on to the main part of the tips: in order to describe the actions of a cat / flea / fish soup / person / person as realistic as possible, you just need to create a visual image in your own head.
Suppose you decide to write about how your hero dines. Do not rush to print, but stop and cover your eyes for a minute. Sixty seconds later, it turns out that the portrait of the character is overgrown with new original details and interesting details.
You will be able to understand that the description, which before this turned out to be dry and not very attractive to the reader, can turn into something colorful and realistic thanks not only to the means of artistic expressiveness, of which there are many, but also to fresh ideas that, by the way, have visited you.
Unfortunately, often authors with a very rich inner world and imagination, imagining unusually bright jigsaw puzzles in a beautiful picture, they simply cannot express all their thoughts on paper or do not know how to do it. In fact, the description only seems to be a stumbling block, because with a knowledge of the theory and with some acquired skills you already have, it will not be difficult to make this test. It is enough to remember three main rules:
Get together
Focus, concentrate on only one work: nothing more should disturb you at this moment, and even more so - interfere. If you try to create something by stirring potatoes in a frying pan and weighing the head of a room child at the same time in the manner of Julia, you will definitely not succeed.
It’s necessary to crank something like an exit to the astral plane: everything revolves around you, pyr-pyr, there is nothing but you and this great text, there is nothing but this description except this keyboard except ...
When will you empty the toilet ?!
In general, you understand.
Imagine
Are you not too lazy to recreate in your head the very image that you now need so much? Do not miss even the smallest details: fix everything on a piece of paper. Later, re-read the resulting notes and make candy out of scraps such as “propping your cheek with your palm”, “thoughtful look”, “shaking fingers”.
And how to make it exactly can be read below.
Finish
Imagine that I have a character-girl who is under the influence of strong medications in some sort of anime. They probably don’t turn a person into a vegetable, but they hit hard on the nervous system.
And now I want to describe the paranoia that does not allow our heroine to sleep peacefully for three / five / any number of years.
I close my eyes and imagine a fragile girl sitting on the very edge of a made-up bed. She touches the tips of the toes of the floor, exhales noisily. It’s been night long outside the window, but the unfortunate woman is unable to fall asleep.
Look at the resulting passage: you can’t call it colorful for sure.
I close my eyes again and consider how this character looks. So far, it’s not possible to fully describe everything, so I grab a piece of paper and quickly write down key phrases: “disheveled blond hair to the shoulders”, “blind eye”, “clenched fists”, “sharpened facial features”.
Now I can start creating something beautiful from the workpiece: first, I should combine everything that I recorded on paper in two or three sentences. We try.
She has been sitting here for a long time and still can not fall asleep. Behind each fold of dark curtains is a ghost or a gloomy silhouette. The girl sills her eyes with an invisible gaze, clenching her palms into fists until pain, to whitened knuckles.
Disheveled blond hair, barely reaching to fragile shoulders, sharpened facial features, pinched lips, on which the smile once played - the consequences terrible disease. Paranoia.
Well, well: somehow we can add fragments of different stories and portraits to the big picture. Try it yourself now!
Objectives:
- Educational: repeat types of speech; introduce students to the text describing the actions, the structure of the text.
- Developing: to show the role of adverbs in texts describing actions; expand the vocabulary of students through the use of adverbs in speech.
- Educational: continue to educate students to respect work.
Equipment:computer, projector, presentation to the lesson “Description of actions” ( Annex 1 )
DURING THE CLASSES
Slide 1 (title)
1. Organizational moment
2. “Linguistic workout”(conversation)
- What is the text?
A text (lat.) Is a group of sentences arranged in a certain sequence, interconnected in meaning and grammatically.
- What are the signs of the text.
1. Group of offers.
2. A certain sequence of sentences.
3. The semantic and grammatical relationship of sentences.
4. Has or may have a title.
5. General theme.
6. The main idea.
3. Updating knowledge on the topic "Types of speech"
- What types of speech do you know?
- What is the narrative? Description? Reasoning?
- We say that for the text of each type one general question can be posed. What question do we pose for the narrative text? Description text? Reasoning text?
- Let's use the "hint" and check the correctness of your answers.
Slide 4
- Imagine that you need to create text from a picture. Carefully look at the presented pictures, determine what type of speech you will use when creating text. Why?
Slide 5
(Children's answers: reasoning, because in the text on this picture it is necessary to explain why the sunflower is called that).
Slide 6
(Children’s answers: description, because in the text on this picture you need to describe the toy).
Slide 7
(Children's answers: narration, because in the text on this picture you can talk about what happened during fishing).
- Draw up and write in a notebook the scheme “Semantic types of texts” (one student works at the blackboard).
- Back to the type of speech, which is called a description. What can be described?
(Answers of children: subject, person or group of people, animal, nature, etc.).
- Today we will talk about the description of human actions. Try to formulate the purpose of our lesson yourself.
(Children’s answers: learn about the features of this type of description, learn to write such descriptions).
4. Learning New Material
- What do you think is important to consider when creating a text describing the actions?
(Children’s answers: who produces the action; where, what tools are used; how the action takes place; if there are several, how they alternate; what happened).
- Why do you think this topic - “Description of actions” - we study in the section “Adverb”?
(Children’s answers: we describe actions with the help of verbs, and an adverb denotes a sign of action. In order to clearly and fully describe actions, we use adverbs in speech).
- Draw up a diagram-structure of a text-description of human actions.
Slide 8
- We will get acquainted with the text describing human actions. This text is a description of the manufacture of a Dymkovo toy.
Slides 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
- So, we got acquainted with a text describing human actions. Anyone who is attentive to the word, noticed the peculiarity of the construction of sentences in such a text. What is this feature?
(In the next slide, all text without pictures is displayed on the screen).
Slide 15
... I follow the hands of Anfisa Ivanovna Vorontsova. She deftly molded a bell from clay dough, quietly tapped it with a wooden spatula - a full skirt is ready.
She took another piece of soft clay, carefully fashioned a torso with her head, a button nose.
I thought a little, wondering whether to crown the future beauty with a kokoshnik, or to put on an elegant hat. Stopped at the kokoshnik.
Then she flattened the clay sausage, assembled it into an assembly - and now the apron is ready ...
But this is told quickly, but done dexterously, but slowly. And a lot of time will pass until the plain-looking clay doll after firing in a hot-burning furnace, whitewash, and coloring appears in all its splendor.
(Answers of children: many sentences without subject. This avoids unjustified repetition of words and strengthens the connection of sentences in the text).
5. Knowledge consolidation
- Recall the structure of the text describing human actions
Slide 16
- We will carry out vocabulary work. I propose the general theme of the text-description of actions - “At work”. We must select as many verbs and adverbs as possible that can be used in this text.
- So, let's start with the verbs.
(The teacher offers the first word and writes it on the blackboard, students take turns going to the blackboard and write down their words):
To do, to make, to build, to produce, to manufacture, to make, to cook, to repair, to repair ...
- Now we write the adverbs.
First, at first, initially, at first, first of all, then, then, further, further, after, after ...
Unhurriedly (hastily), unhurriedly (hastily, immediately, swiftly), slowly, slowly (fast, lightning fast, nimble), easy, easy, uncomplicated, free, simple, slightly (not easy, difficult, hard) ...
- Please note: adverbs in the text describing actions can perform different functions, it is no coincidence that we recorded two groups of adverbs. What do you think are these features?
(Answers of children: indication of the sequence of actions; description of actions).
- We know that there are broad and narrow topics. Do you think the topic “At work” is wide or narrow?
- Let's pick and write narrower topics for this broad topic.
(“How I sewed a button to my coat,” “Building a sand castle,” “Dad repairs the car,” “How I learned to play chess,” “Mom meets guests,” “Fishing,” etc.).
- Another creative task is the so-called “silent” dictation. I have a dictation text ready, but we will not conduct it in the same way as everyone is used to.
- The dictation is called "I cook borscht." What spelling is there in the title?
(Children answers: at the end of a word borscht after the hissing b we don’t write, because this is a noun 2 cl.).
(The teacher invites one student to the blackboard, presents the text. The facilitator depicts the actions described in the text, all the others should not just guess the actions depicted, but also compose a coherent text in a draft, then transfer it to notebooks).
- Attention! The dictation has a grammatical task: in the text you should use dictionary words that I will prompt.
We formulate each sentence together (without adverbs!), Write it in a draft. Then the students process the text, adding adverbs to it.
(In the course of the student’s actions, the teacher shows pictures that will help students understand the content of the text and the procedure: pot, carrot, tomato, potato, cabbage).
Dictation text
I cook borsch
I AM hastily
entered the kitchen quickly
put on an apron and got to work.
At first
i put a pot of broth on the gas. Then
took out a bag of carrots, garlic, onions and potatoes. Peeled vegetables slow
because the eyes were watery with onions. Carrot grated onion thin
cut, chopped garlic. I put all this in a pan, added tomatoes and prepared a dressing. Then diligently
chopped potatoes. Long
fumbling with cabbage because at all
could not chop it thin
like mom does.
The broth boiled unexpectedly fast
. I seasoned it, threw potatoes, cabbage, little
salted.
Left a little bit
wait, and a delicious lunch will be ready.
Several students read the text that they got.
Vocabulary words are written on the board.
For comparison, the teacher suggests reading the source text.
Slide 17 (dictation text)
6. Reflection
- What new have you learned about speech types today?
(Answers of children: how to create a text description of human actions).
- What is the role of adverbs in the text describing human actions?
(Children's answers: adverbs help more accurately and clearly describe the actions of a person).
7. Homework (emphasize adverbs in the created text, indicate their semantic groups).
Hello guys !!! Sit down!!! Today in the lesson we must prepare for an essay-description of actions based on observations. To do this, we must get acquainted with the alien text of the description of actions, its structure, we must analyze it, and in the next lesson write our own essay.
But before starting this work, let's write a small independent workrelated to speech concepts and skills. Take out small notes, sign them. We will carry out the work like this. You must answer the questions. Where you want to give an example, give an example.
Does everyone understand this?
Answer.
Then do it.
Now, before starting the topic of our lesson, let's recall some concepts.
What is text?
What signs of text do you know?
What is the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe text?
What types of speech do you know? What question can be asked for each of them?
What speech styles do you know?
What genres do you know?
What means of communication of sentences in the text do you know? (It is advisable to give examples)
Now tell me, what is text?
This is a group of sentences arranged in a certain sequence, interconnected in meaning and grammatically.
What types of speech do you know? What is narration? Description? Reasoning? We say that for a text of each type one general question can be posed. What question do we pose for the narrative text? Description text? Reasoning text?
Description. Storytelling. Reasoning. Narration - actions and events, the question is, what happened ?. Description - an image of someone, something, a question - what ?. Reasoning - the causes of phenomena and events, the question - why ?.
So, imagine that you need to write essays of three different types of speech. What can you write about in each of them?
Answers For example, reasoning, the text needs to explain why a sunflower is so called.
Answers For example, a description, in the text it is necessary to describe a toy.
Answers The narrative, in the text you can talk about what happened during fishing.
Let's go back to the type of speech called the description. What can be described?
An object, person or group of people, animal, nature.
Today we will talk about the description of human actions.
What do you think is important to consider when creating text describing actions?
Who performs the action; where, what tools are used; how does the action happen; if there are several, how do they alternate; what happened.
Why do you think this topic - “Description of Actions” - is studied in the “Adverb” section?
We describe actions using verbs, and an adverb denotes a sign of action. In order to clearly and most fully and vividly describe actions, we use adverbs in speech.
So, let's make a diagram-structure of a text-description of human actions. To do this, we turn to the text that lies on your desks. The text is called "How I Planted Tulips for the First Time" by a student of grade 7. Let's read the text aloud and think about what compositional parts the text consists of.
They read.
Give their reasons. They read it.
Record the composition of the description of the action in the notebook.
Please tell me what type of speech is this text?
Narration with elements of description.
What does that say?
The entire text is riddled with verbs, but at the same time, these actions are described in detail.
Pay attention, with the help of which the student showed the movement of thought, the development of actions?
Using adverbs.
Read them.
First, then, then finally.
That's right.
Please note: adverbs in the text describing actions can perform different functions, it is no coincidence that we talked about adverbs that indicate a sequence of actions. What do you think is the function of the second group?
Description of the action.
Let's give examples from our text.
Never, really.
Let's complement this list with others.
Slow, fastunhurriedly (hastily), unhurriedly (hastily, immediately, swiftly), slowly, slowly (fast, lightning fast, agile), easy, easy, uncomplicated, free, simple, slightly (not easy, difficult, hard) ...
Very well!!!
Please tell me the composition of the action description.
Answer.
And now we need to learn how to use adverbs without repetitions, indicating a sequence of actions, i.e. we will eliminate repetitions. To do this, open the tutorials and let's do Exerc. 238. We need to fix the mistakes. Emphasize adverbs.
In half
Then,
Replace - then,
Carefully
Nicely,
Smartly.
Now let's summarize our lesson.
What new have you learned today?
Answer.
Tell me, what is a composition of a description of actions?
Answer.
What functions can adverbs perform in this description?
Answer.
So, write down D.Z.
In the next lesson, we write an essay describing actions based on observations. The boys watch dad when he repairs the car, the sequence of his actions, make a short story.
For girls - as a mother cooks a pie, or cooks something. Also a sequence of actions.
Thank you for the lesson!!!
Bye!!!