Verbs( verbs) are central to any English sentence. Therefore, it is so important to pay special attention to this part of speech. All verbs in English can be divided into 2 groups: right and wrong. The forms of regular and irregular verbs for past tense (Past Simple) and participle II (Participle II) are used. What is the difference between regular and irregular English verbs?
Regular verbs in English: regular verbs
Regular verbs in English ( regular verbs) - verbs in which the past tense form is formed by adding the -ed ending to the stem. For example:
- Look (look) - looked (looked).
- Paint (painted) - painted (painted).
- Call - called (called).
- If the verb ends with the unpronounceable -e, then we add only the letter -d:
- Improve - improve.
- Like - liked.
- The ending -ed is pronounced / t / if the verb ends in a hissing or dull consonant:< >Stop - stopped. Polish - polished. Finished -ed is pronounced / d / if the verb ends in a vowel or voiced consonant:
- Study - to study.
- Travel - travelled.
- The ending -ed is pronounced as / id / if the verb ends with -t or -d:
- Report - reported.
- Pretend (pretend) - pretended (pretending).
Irregular verbs in English: irregular vebs
Irregular verbs in English (irregular verbs) are distinguished by the fact that they do not form the past tense forms. Such verbs must be remembered.
The table of irregular verbs in English is the same as the multiplication table in mathematics. The foundation of the basics! Want to speak the language fluently? Learn English verbs by heart.
How many irregular verbs do modern people need to know?
In total, there are about 470 irregular verbs in English, but do not worry, most of them are outdated and are not used today.
It’s enough for beginners to learn 50 irregular verbs.
Those who want to get closer to the level of the average native English speaker will have to learn about 200 irregular verbs.
Top 50 Irregular Verbs
The frequency of use of these 50 verbs in English is 87%
Top 200 Irregular Verbs
For those who want to get closer to the level of the carrier, there are 200 of the most popular irregular English verbs.
For study you can use:
List of irregular verbs with pronunciation: http://www.irregularverbs.ru/table/
Another good way to learn irregular verbs with rhyming verses.
And lastly a moment of humor. This video has long been super-popular, and its author, MC Fluency, is a celebrity widely known among English lovers. Enjoy watching.
Regular verbs (Regular verbs) Are verbs in which forms past tense and participleII are formed by the same rule: by simply adding the ending - ed to the base the form of a given verb (this differs from that in which these forms can be formed in different ways). For example:
love – loved – loved.
roll – rolled – rolled.
That is, love is the basic form, loved is the past tense, or participle II. Most of the verbs in English relate to regular verbs.
All verbs in English (including irregular verbs and be, do, have) have 5 forms. We’ll talk a little about all of them, but for starters it’s enough to know what constitutes basic form (or 1st form), as well as forms past tense (or 2nd form) and participleII (or 3rd form), that is, those forms that determine regular verbs.
Basic form
Basic form / Present tense form (Base form or Present form or Infinitive without particle to or Vocabulary form) - a simple recording of verbs, so they look in dictionaries. They add to it, for example, the ending - edif they want to form time (thereby the verb takes on the 2nd form), but this form can also be used independently, most often in time:
I love what I do.
I love what I do.I call her every day.
I call her every day.
Sometimes they separate the verb form with the ending - s, which is used only with the pronouns HE (He), SHE (She), IT (It). Examples:
She / he / it loves him
She / He / It loves himHe / she / it calls me every day.
He / She / It calls me every day.
Past tense
Past tense (Past simple or Past indefinite or 2nd form of the regular verb) - the form formed by the ending - ed by adding it to the base form. Used for education simple time. It is a defining form, that is, this form is found only in regular verbs (but there are rare exceptions).
He loved her.
He loved her.She killed him.
She killed him.
Past participle form
Past participle form / Communion II (Past participant or Participating II) - looks and forms at regular verbs the same as the 2nd form (which simplifies our life), but is used to form all three time groups (present, past and future). It is the defining form of regular verbs.
He isloved.
He (is) loved.He was loved.
He was loved.He will be loved.
He will be loved.
ed the ending becomes as a subject (definition / subject or person experiencing the result of a certain action):
paint – painted.
to paint - painted.A killed soldier.
The killed soldier.
Infinitive
Infinitive (Infinitive or Infinitive) - the same as the basic form of the verb, but with a particle to in front of her - for this reason she received the name infinitive. This form is formed equally in all verbs (including be, do, have).
You can talk about the infinitive for a long time, the main thing that will be useful for us to know is a simple form of a word with a particle " TO"which tells us that a given word denotes an action (i.e. a verb). Particle" TO"always translated into Russian as" TH".
Image for clarity: a person is walking along the street, and in order to name what he is doing, we will say - in Russian this is called " Walk"but the American will say - it's called" TO GO"The same can be said for the verb be:" TO BE"Is just the designation / name of the action" BE"and it can be said no different from simple" BE"unless, of course, the infinitive not used in speech, otherwise it would look like this - I to walk today to a friend ... but still in some cases it is appropriate:
I like to play.
I like play.I want to open any interesting book.
I want to open some interesting book.
To determine this case (whether an infinitive is needed or not) is very simple - translate this sentence into Russian.
The main thing to remember is that this form is neutral and simply means an action, it does not describe any time period and does not indicate the person who performs this action. In other words, the infinitive is not used in any particular period of time, but is mainly used to indicate the name of an action. Also associate the particle “TO” with the Russian “Т” at the end of the verb, which in English is put before the verb.
Present participle
Present participle form / Communion I (Present participant or Participatele i or Gerund) - is formed using the ending - ing by adding it to the basic form of the verb. Most often, participle I is used to form continued time (e.g.). This form looks the same for all verbs (including irregular and be, do, have).
He is touching a book.
He touches the book.He was touching a book.
He touched the book.
Note in most cases the verb with - ingending becomes a noun:
smoke – smoking.
smoking - smoking.run – running.
run - run.
The value of knowledge gained
Perhaps you say: "Yes, everything is very interesting, but ... why do I need to know this?". Well, at least in order to understand what the names Infinitive, Participle and so on mean in the tables intended for memorization of regular and verbs.
Often they are written as follows: Infinitive (or Present), Past Simple (or Indefinite), Past Participle (or Participle II) and then verbs with this form go below them. An example of a table of frequently encountered regular verbs:
| Base form | Past simple | Past participant |
| accept | accepted | accepted |
| agree | agreed | agreed |
| attack | attacked | attacked |
| clear | cleared | cleared |
| blame | blamed | blamed |
| contain | contained | contained |
Personal look.
We know that the verb in English is all. We also know that there is a list of irregular verbs that are the basis of the English language. It so happened that they are the stumbling block in learning. I recommend that you look And . Perhaps this will help you look at the problem from a different perspective. In those few absurd poems, I tried to include the most common irregular verbs.
But now let's talk about RIGHT verbs.
These are the majority of English verbs to which we add ED. I was interested in collecting the most basic verbs that I use in my daily life.
I will specially cite examples in the past tense and perfect, so that the difference in tenses can be seen.
1. Love loved loved
For example:
I loved him two years ago. I loved him two years ago.
I have loved him. I fell in love with him
2. Want wanted wanted
I wanted an apple yesterday. I wanted an apple yesterday.
I have always wanted to work in a team. I always wanted to work as a team.
3. Use used used
I used this pen last week. I used this pen a week ago.
I have used this car today. I used this car today.
4. Work worked worked
He worked yesterday. She worked yesterday.
I have just worked. I just worked.
5. Walk walked walked
I walked in the forest two days ago. I walked in the forest 2 days ago.
I have walked in the park today. Today I walked in the park.
6. Call called called
I called for a doctor yesterday. I called the doctor yesterday.
I have just called the police. I just called the police.
7. Try tried tried
I tried to repair my house in 1987. I tried to repair my house in 1987.
I have already tried this cream. I already tried this cream.
8. Cry cried cried (cry, scream)
He cried yesterday. He cried yesterday.
He has never cried in his life. He never cried in his life.
9. Ask asked asked
She asked for help yesterday. He asked for help yesterday.
I`ve never asked for help. I never asked for help.
10. Answered answered answered
He answered that he was ill. He replied that he was sick.
I`ve just answered the question. I just answered a question.
11. Need needed needed
I needed help yesterday. I needed help yesterday.
I`ve suddenly needed help. I suddenly needed help.
12. Play played played
I played computer an hour ago. I played computer an hour ago.
I have already played this game! I already played this game!
13. Help helped helped
He helped them in 1999. He helped them in 1999.
He has never helped them. He never helped them.
14. Live lived lived
I lived in London 2 years ago. I lived in London 2 years ago.
I have already lived in London for 10 years. I have already lived in London for 10 years.
15. Move moved moved
I`ve moved to Moscow. I moved to Moscow.
He moved to Paris two years ago. He moved to Paris 2 years ago.
16. Learn learned learned (maybe an irregular verb) (learn, study, learn)
I have just learned the poem! I just learned a verse!
I learned Spanish when I was young. I learned Spanish when I was young.
17. Watch watched watched
I watched TV yesterday. I watched TV yesterday.
He has watched this program lately. He recently looked at this program.
18. Open opened opened
He opened the door yesterday. He opened the door yesterday.
I`ve opened the door. I just opened the door.
19. Close closed closed
I`ve just closed the eyes. I just closed my eyes.
I closed my company two days ago. I closed my company 2 years ago.
20. Die died died
This knight died many years ago. This knight died many years ago.
He has recently died. He has recently died.
21. Pass passed passed
He passed exams 2 days ago. He passed the exams 2 years ago.
He has passed the trial. He passed the test!
22. Serve served served
He served in the army two days ago. He served in the army 2 years ago.
He has served in the army lately. He has already served in the army.
23. Change changed changed
He has changed his style lately. He recently changed his style.
He changed computer yesterday. He changed the computer yesterday.
24. Stop stopped stopped
He stopped smoking 2 years ago. He stopped smoking 2 years ago.
He has just stopped (he just stopped).
25. Remember remembered remembered (remember, remember)
I remembered him last night. I remembered him last night.
He has remembered everything today. He remembered everything today.
26. Promise promised promised
He promised to come. He promised to come.
He has never promised that. He never promised that.
27. Believe believed believed. (Believe)
I didn`t believe him 2 years ago. I did not believe him 2 years ago.
She has never believed me. She never believed me.
28. Hoped hoped hoped. (Hope)
I hoped to do it yesterday. I was hoping to do it yesterday.
I`ve hoped for him. I relied on him.
29. Realize realized realized. (Realize, exercise).
I realized that he was wrong. I realized that he was wrong.
I`ve finally realized my goal. I finally realized my goal.
30. look looked looked
I have looked in the mirror. I looked in the mirror.
He looked into this documents yesterday. He carefully studied these documents yesterday.
P.S I also want to include here 2 verbs that I liked recently and all of them are with the letter “M”.
Mention mentioned mentioned.
Don`t mention it. Nothing wrong.
I have already mentioned it. I already mentioned this.
She mentioned the book to me. She told me about this book.
Manage managed managed. (Managed, managed, managed to do something).
I managed to do it yesterday. I managed to do it yesterday.
I`ve managed with it. I have dealt with this.
Have a great day
Today we’ll talk about regular and irregular verbs - spoiling a lot of blood for English learners. You will not find a list of irregular verbs here (although there are links to such lists at the end of the article), but you will find answers to other questions: what are irregular verbs and why are they needed? How many are there at all? Do I need to teach them (spoiler: necessary) and how? And even if by the end of the article you don’t like irregular verbs, you will know much more about them.
Before you plunge headlong into the world of irregular verbs, take a look around - and what happens in other languages. Irregular verbs are by no means inventions of the English language. Verbs that, when changing, do not follow simple rules - and this is exactly what makes a verb incorrect - exist in many languages. In Italian and French, in Spanish and German. By the way, in German verbs are divided not into right and wrong, but into weak and strong - you immediately feel a different attitude.
There are irregular verbs in Russian. Here's an example for you: verbs ending in -at - read and play - these are regular verbs. It is enough to know a couple of simple rules to get other forms: read, play, read, play, read, play, and so on. But, for example, to draw is also a verb -at, but forms completely different forms: I draw, I draw. Why exactly, why not paint, paint? Or give: give, give. And why do not I give, give? Well, why not, you say, because they don’t say that. But the foreigner does not know how they say, but how not. He will have to learn all these forms. If you look at the tables of irregular verbs in the Russian language textbook, there are four times more irregular verbs than regular ones. So English is still not so bad.
So, back to the English language. What are these irregular verbs?
Let's start from the stove - what forms can a verb in English take? A verb in English can be in one of five forms:
- Infinitive In Russian, this is called the indefinite form of the verb. In this form, the verb will meet you in the dictionary. She, like Shtirlitsa by parachute, is easily recognizable by the particle to standing in front of the verb: to start, to drive (start, drive)
- Simple present, present tense form. It looks the same as the infinitive, but without to: start drive. In the 3rd person singular, the verb looks different, at the end -s: starts, drives is added to it. We talked about this when we studied Present Simple.
- Simple Past, past tense form. In this form, the verb is used when we talk about the past: started, drove
- Past Participle, past participle: started, driven
- Present Participle. Formed by the addition of -ing: starting, driving
All these five forms are used for the formation of various times. In the Soviet school, they were all numbered - the infinitive was the zero form, then the first, second, third, and all ended with the fourth, -ing form of the verb. It seems to me that numbering the verb forms is a great idea. But in English grammar the forms of the verb are not numbered, so if you tell your interlocutor about the “second form of the verb”, be prepared to stumble upon a wall of misunderstanding.
And now the most important thing: look at how the verbs changed in Simple Past and Past Participle forms (or in the second and third forms, as school books bequeathed). One of the verbs simply added -ed, and the second behaved unpredictably - it either changed the vowel in the root, or added the consonant at the end. This is exactly what the difference between regular and irregular verbs looks like. The right ones will add -ed and this will end, the wrong ones will not obey any rules.
How regular verbs change
Now let's look at these changes more closely; and start with the correct verbs. I already said that the correct verbs add -ed and it seems like the difficulties end there. It is almost so - but there are still some nuances. I must say right away - if you are only getting acquainted with what irregular and regular verbs are, feel free to skip this part and immediately proceed to irregular verbs.
So, returning to the correct verbs: the rules by which the correct verbs are confused, and infrequently come in handy in real life - after reading enough books, you yourself will feel how to correctly form the past tense, and you can safely skip the rules and move on to the next part.
Are you still reading? Still, I wonder how regular verbs change? Well, but I warned you - these rules are not for the faint of heart. So, let's go (in brackets - translation of the indefinite form so that you are not distracted by looking into the dictionary. Now we are not talking about meanings, but about the formation of verb forms):
- regular regular verbs. Add -ed. Done. want - wanted (to want), look - looked (look)
- the verb already ends with e. In this case, you do not need to add another e, just add -d. like - liked (like), move - moved (move)
- the verb ends with a consonant followed by y. In this case, y changes to i, and -ed is already added to it: study - studied (to study) carry - carried (carry)
- but if the verb ends with a vowel followed by y, then no substitution occurs: stay - stayed (stay), play - played (play)
- the most interesting. If a verb consists of one syllable ending in a consonant-vowel-consonant, then the last consonant is doubled. That sounds intimidating, but the examples are not so bad: plan - planned (to plan), drop - dropped (drop). However, this does not work correctly if the last letter is x, y or w: mix - mixed (to mix), bow - bowed (bow)
- Did you think that was all? But no. Now the situation is the same: the verb ends in a consonant-vowel-consonant, but it contains several syllables. The last consonant is doubled if the last syllable is stressed. prefer - preferred (prefer). And does not double if the last syllable is unstressed: listen - listened (listen)
- Thought well, now everything is for sure? Well, what is this rule without exception? British English words travelled (travel) and canceled (cancel) are written with a double vowel, although according to the rules it seems they should not. In the American version, English doubling does not occur
Ufff, now that's it. The last three points, of course, are more like mockery than the rules - and syllables should be counted, and where vowels are, where are consonants, where are unstressed ... At some point it seems that better than with such rules, it’s better without them. And, frankly speaking, it is possible without them - I learned about the existence of all these rules only when I wrote this article - and the previous decades, as the protagonist of Moliere, doubled or did not double the consonants without thinking about the grammatical science behind it. However, enough about regular verbs, now let's see how irregular verbs change.
How irregular verbs change
Since the verbs are irregular, then complete chaos will reign in their forms. So, not really. Even among all these non-standard forms, certain patterns can be traced. Let's see what are the options for changing irregular verbs - having learned these patterns, it will be easier for you to learn the forms of irregular verbs. I apologize in advance for using the Soviet system with numbering - but in this case it’s really, more clearly.
The second and third form match
In almost half of irregular verbs, the past tense and the past participle (i.e., the second and third forms) coincide. have - had - had (have), keep - kept - kept (keep), leave - left - left (leave), say - said - said (talk). Not irregular verbs, but some kind of waltz ...
The first and third form match
For these irregular verbs, the past tense form looks non-standard, and the participle is the same as the original form of the verb. Those. the first and third forms coincide. There are few such verbs - I counted only three: come - came - come (to come), become - became - become (become), run - ran - run (run away).
All forms match.
The next group of verbs decided not to bother at all and use one form wherever possible. Often (but not always) are verbs consisting of one syllable and ending in a consonant, for example: cut - cut - cut (cut), put - put - put (put) shut - shut - shut (close).
Be careful with the verb to read (read): it may seem that it does not change ( read - read - read), but this is not entirely true, the pronunciation changes in the second and third forms, so this verb is more likely to belong to the group “2 \u003d 3”.
Nothing matches
Well, and all other verbs - in them all forms are different. This is where there are no rules, so there are no rules: begin - began - begun (start off), do - did - done (do), eat - ate - eaten (there is), see - saw - seen (see) and so on.
How many irregular verbs and whether you need to know them all
Now let's evaluate the scale of the problem. And how many of them are all, irregular verbs? And, coming from a more practical side - whether you need to know them all. Let's get it right.
The most complete list of irregular verbs that I could find on the Internet consists of 638 verbs. Looks like this is really the most complete list. But whatever the verb on this list is, some kind of dinosaur, for example, blin - blan - blun (this is not a joke, this is really one of the verbs from the list). What the hell are these words like that - I myself, I confess, do not know. I have never met such words in all the years of using the English language.
I think you yourself have guessed that such a list hardly represents values \u200b\u200bfor an ordinary person. No, 600+ irregular verbs are definitely not needed.
How much do you need?
Trying to answer this question, he went the way I knew from another job - as an analyst. I found a list of the 5000 most used English words, sorted by popularity; 1000 of them turned out to be verbs; besides this, I downloaded the list of irregular verbs - and compared the two lists with each other. What can be seen? Among frequently used verbs there are much more irregular ones than among rare ones. If, for example, in the top 100 English verbs every second is incorrect, in the next hundred - every fifth. And among the remaining 800, the wrong one is on average only one in ten.
That is, it turns out if your vocabulary consists of 5000 words (and this is a confident upper-intermediate level, if not “free”, then certainly “confident” language proficiency), about 1000 of them will be verbs, and about 140-150 of these verbs will be irregular. It is this number that needs to be guided by - unless, of course, you are at the level of Upper-Intermediate,. You will find exactly so many (or maybe a little more up to 200) words in most lists of irregular verbs scattered on the Internet.
Do I need to learn irregular verbs
Even if you focus only on the most popular 140 verbs, the front of the work opens rather big - after all, for each verb you need to know not only the basic form, but also the second and third form - and several hundred new words have already arrived. Are these irregular verbs so important, is it possible to exert more effort? Can’t they understand me without all these grammatical troubles?
That's right, they will understand. But you are unlikely to make the impression of a person with whom you can conduct a meaningful conversation. Remember the examples of irregular verbs from the Russian language that I gave at the beginning of our conversation? What would you think of a person saying “I draw”, “I give”, together “I draw”, “I give”? Yes, you can praise for trying, but it will be difficult to take such an interlocutor seriously. Likewise for your English speaker your speech will look if you start to ignore irregular verbs. In a word, if you have at least a little serious plans for using the English language, you can’t do without irregular verbs in any way.
How to learn irregular verbs
Are there any ways to learn irregular verbs faster and more reliable? I don’t think there is one recipe that guarantees success, but I have selected some tips that can help. Some of them, possibly contradicting each other, because, I repeat, a universal system does not exist - try each one and use the ones that suit you.
Teach in groups
We have already seen above that immediately entire groups of irregular verbs change according to similar patterns. Use this - immediately learn a group of irregular verbs. Often this helps to save energy - instead of remembering all the forms, for example, you will remember that this one does not change at all, or that the second and third forms coincide with it. And the right answer will come to mind.
Learn by frequency
Perhaps you should not learn the irregular forms of those verbs that you do not know. 140-150 irregular verbs are level B2, but what if you are only on B1 or A2? No need to run ahead of the engine, in this case it is enough to know only those verbs that correspond to your level. However, do not forget to regularly come back and learn new verbs as you progress.
There are several lists on the Internet organized according to frequency, but they all seemed uncomfortable to me, so I made up my own - a link at the end of the article.
Use programs / applications / games
No one has canceled technological progress and the amenities that it brings with it. There are a myriad of applications, sites, programs, games that help you learn irregular verbs. In my humble experience, not all of them can bring real benefits, but this does not mean at all that they should not be used at all. Look for them in Google and Yandex, install applications on phones and tablets. Even if the application turns out to be complete nonsense, there is a chance that trying to figure out how it works, you learn five or two verbs - it’s already good.
Learn all new verbs with three forms at once
From this moment, if you meet a new verb in a lesson, in a book, in a conversation - and open the dictionary to find out the meaning of this new verb (if that makes sense, see ““) - at the same time look at the correct he or not; if it’s wrong, how it changes. So you will have a chance to learn a new word - and the forms that it takes.
Build Offers
Learning irregular verbs like a rhyme is an old, proven, but not the most effective way. Maybe you, like me, are not particularly talented in memorizing poems, the right line will fall out of your head at the most inopportune moment. Instead, treat the new forms as new words - build sentences with the second and third forms of the verb, come up with associations and stories, draw pictures - with a word, do everything that we talked about in the article ““.
Pay attention to irregular verbs when reading or listening
Now that you know about the existence of irregular verbs, pay attention to them in the texts you read, in the films you watch, in the speech you hear. At first, just spend a split second to realize: you just heard one of the forms of the irregular verb, you remember its meaning and all other forms. Of course, you don’t have to spend too much effort on this - especially if as a result you forget what your interlocutor was talking about. But after you meet the verb several times in a real situation and pay attention to it, it is unlikely to be forgotten in the foreseeable future.
How to determine the forms of a verb in a dictionary
And the last one. How do regular and irregular verbs look in English dictionaries? Interestingly, there will not be a direct indication of whether such a verb is correct or incorrect in the dictionary. Apparently, because the boundary between regular and irregular verbs is not very clear. For example, there are verbs that behave as irregular in American English and as correct in British.
In addition, each dictionary has its own characteristics - for example, they do not look at all in the Oxford online dictionary; it means that you already know how irregular and regular verbs change. And here is another example - the online dictionary learnersdictionary.com (which I highly recommend if you are not already using it). If you open the definition of a verb, right before the definition, all its existing forms will be listed - starting with the -s form and ending with the -ing form. Between them - one or two, depending on whether they are the same or different - there will be either the -ed form, or forms for the past tense and for the past participle. Therefore, boldly look into this dictionary, if you want to know for sure how to correctly.
This is the time to finish the story about correct and irregular verbs - and move on to the point for which all these torments were - to the tenses of the verb. We will talk about this in future articles.
Greetings to all lovers of English and grammar in particular :-P. Today you will again find an interesting and useful selection. Someone might think that irregular, modal, and phrasal verbs important for proper speech are all you need to know. You are deeply mistaken if you think that learning the correct verbs is a futile task, since everyone knows a simple mechanism when the word in the past number is added [-ed]. Regular English Verbs In fact, regular verbs are just like irregular and any other. They display a noun. If you have a noun Cookthen you have the verb to cookie. Just like when there was the usual word “google”, which was used in the meaning of “search engine”, but today the English language gave us “to google”, which began to mean “search in the google search engine”.
Thus, by studying the correct English verbs, you learn this unit, the noun, and the grammar of the formation of the past tense - three in one. Any English courses in your program include learning these words. Therefore, having studied the difficult irregular, modal, phrasal, do not ignore the usual regular verbs. These words are an important part of expressing emotions and feelings and building sentences.
Everyone knows that regular verbs are formed by adding to the second participle and the form of the past tense [-ed]: Paint - painted - paintl, however, following this rule, it is necessary to take into account several important nuances:
- If the word ends with "e", then we do not duplicate it and add only the ending [-d]: Like - liked - like
- If the token ends in a dull or hissing consonant, the ending [-ed] is pronounced “t”: Polish - polished - ["pɒlɪʃt] - polish, S top - stopped - - stop. Note that when Past Simple is formed in monosyllabic verbs, the last consonant doubles
- In the case when the unit ends with a voiced consonant or vowel letter, then the familiar [-ed] picks up the sound “d”: Destroy - destroyed - - destroy.By the way, when the token ends in "y", and before it is a consonant, then when you add [-ed], the sound "y" is reduced and "i" appears in its place: Study - studied - ["stʌdɪd] - study. In the case when a “v” is before a vowel, then no additional changes occur
- If the word ends with "d" or "t", then pronounce [-ed] as "id": Pretend - pretended - pretend, Start - Started - - start, start
Correct English verbs do not cause special difficulties, since the scheme of their formation is quite simple and transparent.
Table 50 regular English verbs
|
50 regular English verbs |
||
| Word | Transcription | Transfer |
| Ask | ɑːsk | To ask |
| Answer | ˈⱭːnsə | Answer |
| Allow | əˈlaʊ | Let |
| Agree | əˈɡriː | Agree |
| Borrow | ˈBɒrəʊ | To occupy |
| Believe | bɪˈliːv | Believe |
| Copy | ˈKɒpi | Copy |
| Cook | kʊk | Cook |
| Close | kləʊz | Close |
| Change | tʃeɪndʒ | Change |
| Carry | ˈKæri | Wear |
| Call | kɔːl | To call |
| Discuss | dɪˈskʌs | Discuss |
| Decide | dɪˈsaɪd | Decide |
| Explain | ɪkˈspleɪn | Explain |
| slip | slɪp | Slide |
| cry | kraɪ | Shout |
| Finish | ˈFɪnɪʃ | End |
| admit | əd "mɪt | To accept |
| glow | gləʋ | Shine |
| grate | greɪt | Rub, Grow |
| grip | grɪp | Grab |
| Help | help | To help |
| Happen | ˈHæpən | Happen |
| handle | "hændəl | To rule |
| Look | lʊk | Look |
| Live | lɪv | Live |
| Listen | ˈLɪsn | Listen |
| Like | laɪk | Like |
| Move | muːv | Move |
| manage | "mænɪdʒ | To lead |
| Need | niːd | To need |
| Open | ˈƏʊpən | Open |
| Remember | rɪˈmembə | Remember |
| Promise | ˈPrɒmɪs | Promise |
| Play | pleɪ | Play |
| Suggestest | səˈdʒest | Offer |
| Study | ˈStʌdi | To study |
| Stop | stɒp | Stop |
| Start | stɑːt | Start off |
| Travel | ˈTrævl | Travel |
| Talk | tɔːk | Talk |
| translate | trænz "leɪt | Transfer |
| Try | traɪ | Try |
| Use | juːz | Use |
| Worry | ˈWʌri | Worry |
| Work | wɜːk | Work |
| Watch | wɒtʃ | Look |
| Walk | wɔːk | To walk |
| Wait | weɪt | Wait |
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