Time of writing winter morning and winter evening. The image of winter in Pushkin's poem "Winter Evening. Analysis of the poem Winter Evening by Pushkin

11.10.2021

Lesson topic:

“Analysis of the lyrical work of A.S. Pushkin " Winter evening».

Target: Be able to analyze a lyrical work.

Tasks:

To repeat what a lyrical work is and what are its features;

Consider the features of the language of a lyrical work and the image of a lyrical hero in a poem;

To teach the analysis of a lyrical work on the example of a poem

"Winter evening";

Lesson type: improvement of knowledge, formation of skills and development of skills.

During the classes:

I. Organizational moment.

Hello dear guys! Today we will analyze the poem by A.S. Pushakin "Winter Evening". I will teach you what other methods you can use to understand the depth of a lyrical work.

II. Watching and listening to a video with a romance based on a poem by A.S. Pushkin "Winter Evening".

(Before the children listen to the romance, the teacher gives the task: “Guys, please listen to the video, look at the slides and tell me what picture you get when listening to this poem, what feelings, associations do you have?)

II I. Teacher's conversation with the class about the poem after listening to the video.

Sample student response : “Deaf winter evening. A blizzard howls in the yard - not a single thing is visible. The little room is warm - the stove flooded by the nanny crackles. The nanny herself sits on the bench and spins her yarn. The kitten is playing at her feet. Pushkin is right there, at the table, in a warm dressing gown. A floating candle with a trembling light illuminates his young face, overgrown with sideburns, saddened eyes. He looks out of a dark window beyond which nothing can be seen, and listens to what is happening there, in the open snowy field.

Explanation of new material.

1. Analysis of the poem "Winter Evening".

Teacher's word.

Dear guys, in Russian literature there is a scheme for analyzing a poem. This analysis requires some work on its content, features of the language and poetic form. It should include the definition of the genre (the nature of the poetic statement), the identification of the lyrical plot, the designation of the theme, the interpretation of the title, the analysis of the composition, the characterization of the lyrical hero, the identification of the organization of poetic speech, the analysis of the language (special visual means).

Now let's move on to the analysis. First, let's remember what a poem is.( Poem - a lyrical work, as a rule, of a small volume, written in verse).

So, 1 question. When and where was this poem written?

(The poem "Winter Evening" was written in 1825 in exile in Mikhailovsky, at a very difficult time for the poet. Hope for release was lost; the plan to escape abroad failed; he seriously quarreled with his father, after which the entire Pushkin family left for St. Petersburg, leaving the poet alone, in the care of the nanny Arina Rodionovna. The poem "Winter Evening" beautifully, figuratively conveys this state of mind of the poet)

2 question. How does the poet describe the snowstorm?

(The sky covered with mist, the furious wind that swirls snow whirlwinds in the field, the howl of the wind, reminiscent of the cry of a child, the rustle of a thatched roof, or the knock on the window of a belated traveler.)

3 question. How is the nanny depicted in the poem?

(Pushkin affectionately addresses the nanny: “my old woman”, “my friend”, “the good friend of my poor youth.”)

4 question. Can we say that this poem is Pushkin's saddest poem?(The poem is really sad, but the last two lines allow us to say that the poet retains a cheerful, cheerful mood: you need to overcome, conquer the sad mood.)

6 question. What is the theme, idea and plot of this poem?

(Pushkin writes about his loneliness, isolation from relatives and friends.

The poet's reflection on his sad fate is the theme of this poem. The idea is that the lyrical hero believes that he can overcome all difficulties and be free).

7 question. Why is the poem called "Winter Evening"?

(The picture of a winter storm with its howling, the darkness of the night help to convey the mood of the poet more vividly.)

8 question. What is composition? (IN literature concept compositions means building literary work, the structure of its constituent parts, micro-themes, their sequence and system)

What is the composition of this poem?

(Three parts can be distinguished: In the first part main actor is a blizzard. Second part entirely devoted to the nanny and the conversation with her. The third part has its own artistic meaning: it again mentions a snowstorm and a dilapidated shack. The motive of overcoming gives last part optimistic sound).

9 question. How does the lyrical hero of this poem appear before us? Do you know who a lyrical hero is? (The image of the poet in the lyrics, expressing his thoughts and feelings).

(Pushkin was a very cheerful, sociable person. And his temporary retreat was very painful for him.)

10 question. In what meter is this poem written?(An analysis of the text shows that "Winter Evening" is written in two syllables with stress on the first syllable. It's a trochee ).

11 questions. What pictorial means did the poet use in this poem?

What do you know? What is an epithet, personification, comparison, metaphor?

( Epithet - a figurative definition that gives an additional artistic description of an object or phenomenon in the form of a comparison; metaphor - type of trail, transfer of the name of one object to another based on their similarity; personification - a special kind of metaphor, transferring the image of human features to inanimate objects or phenomena).

- Let's find epithets. (“snow whirlwinds”, “dilapidated shack”, “belated traveler”, “on the roof of dilapidated”, “poor youth”, etc.)

Guys, tell me, why do we need epithets in a poem, what do they characterize in this work?(Their meaning is to decorate speech and make it literary ).

-Let's find comparisons. ( The storm is compared either with a beast, or with a child, or with a satellite).

And what do comparisons help us to see in this poem?

(They help to see the similarities or differences of individual items).

- Let's find personifications. ( the storm covers howl, cry)

Why are they needed in a poem? (They are used when depicting nature, which is endowed with certain human features)

And now let's find metaphors : the buzzing of the spindle, the howling of the storm. What is the meaning of the metaphor? (Meaning metaphors as a path to enhance the emotional expressiveness of speech)

v. Summing up the lesson.

1. The poet conveys to us his thoughts, feelings, experiences. "Winter Evening" helps to see the state of mind of Pushkin during his exile in Mikhailovskoye. The haze covering the sky, snow whirlwinds, the howling and crying of the storm - all this creates a mood of languid melancholy. This poem helps us to see the poet in one of the most difficult periods of his life.

VI. Grading students for their work in class.

The poem was written by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin in exile, away from his friends on a late winter evening. Loneliness and lack of freedom oppressed the poet. Of his relatives, only his nanny was with him. All his days he read and worked.

The author addresses Arina Radionovna. It is described at the beginning winter blizzard, which locks the heroes in the house. This is how the poet felt in exile. The work is divided into several parts. The first part consists of a description of the movement of the blizzard.

Pushkin uses many vivid images. He describes the blizzard not only visually, but also using auditory images. The howl of the beast, the cry of a child, the knock of a traveler, the rustle of the roof is heard by the author. In the second and third parts, the author turns to the nanny. The poet is sad with her and is looking for the reasons for this sadness. The outside world of the dilapidated shack is opposed to the inside. The elements are raging outside the window, and a warm stove is crackling in the shack. Home is a place where the author feels protected.

In the fourth part, the world of a dilapidated house turns out to be stronger than the world of a blizzard. The poet uses epithets, similes, metaphors and personifications to convey this. The poem is written in four-foot trochee with cross rhyme.

Analysis of the poem Winter Evening by Pushkin

"Winter Evening" is a poem written by Alexander Pushkin in 1825. That year was very difficult for him. It was a time when, after exile, he could only be in his father's estate in the village of Mikhailovsky under his strict supervision. So he spent the winter alone. Together with him was his nanny, whose name was Arina Rodionovna.

In the same year, he wrote this poem. It was published only five years later in the almanac "Northern Flowers".

The poem depicts: a winter evening, a snowstorm howls outside, a flooded stove quietly crackles in the room, which easily arise in our imagination.

The first part of the poem speaks of a storm. To describe her, Pushkin uses many epithets: she howls like a beast, cries like a little child, “like a belated traveler suddenly knocks on the window.” We can easily imagine the storm described in the poem: a sky covered with darkness, a violent wind that turns whirlwinds in the field. And as if we hear the howl of an animal (maybe a wild wolf), the cry of a child, the rustle of a straw roof, as a traveler knocks on the window. The element “covers the sky”, “turns whirlwinds”, “cries”, “howls”, “rustles with straw”, “knocks on the window”. It symbolizes the emotional experiences of the poet, the hostile attitude of the world around him.

The second part is dedicated to Arina Rodionovna, Pushkin's nanny. He calls her “my old lady”, “my friend”, and we understand how much the nanny meant to him. Pushkin seems to be looking for protection from the storm in this fragile, but so close to him woman, his only friend. Pushkin asks the nanny: “Why are you, my old woman, silent at the window?”. Of course, he could have asked himself the same question. The poet suggests why the nanny is sad: Perhaps she is tired of the howling of the storm, or simply dozing under the buzz of the spindle.
And then he asks her to drink with him and sing a folk song, thereby showing that there is no place for sadness and despondency.

In the same part, the "shack" is also described. She is “both sad and dark” in the poem, but, surprisingly, we imagine a cute and cozy house in which a candle is lit. Probably because the nanny and Pushkin are two friends, two intimate interlocutors.

The last part, after a repeated description of the storm, so similar to his emotional experiences, the poet ends with the line: "The heart will be more cheerful." He seems to be saying that, despite all the difficulties, spiritual experiences should not be a place for sadness, you need to forget the bad things that happen in his life.

Analysis of the poem Winter Evening according to plan

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An open lesson on Russian literature in the 5th grade on the topic “Analysis of the lyrical work of A.S. Pushkin "Winter Evening".

Goals:

To repeat what a lyrical work is and what are its features;

Consider the features of the language of a lyrical work and the image of a lyrical hero in a poem;

Be able to analyze a lyrical work.

Tasks:

Prepare expressive reading poems by A.S. Pushkin "Winter Evening".

To teach the analysis of a lyrical work on the example of a poem

"Winter Evening" according to the methods of A.P. Zhuravlev and B. Yarkho.

Equipment: multimedia projector, interactive whiteboard, text of the poem "Winter Evening", textbook, handout, video on A.S. Pushkin's verse, O. Pogudin's romance, composer M. Yakovlev.

Lesson form: lesson-study of A.S. Pushkin's poem "Winter Evening".

During the classes

I. Organizing time.(The class is divided into 2 groups)

Hello dear guys! Today we will analyze the poem by A.S. Pushkin "Winter Evening". I will teach you what other methods you can use to understand the depth of a lyrical work.

II. Checking homework.

1. Reading by heart the poem "Winter Evening". (Read 1-2 students)

The teacher puts marks for reading poems by heart in a journal.

III. Watching and listening to a video with a romance based on a poem by A.S. Pushkin "Winter Evening".

IV. Teacher's conversation with the class about the poem after listening to the video.(They answer in groups: first the first group, then the second).

V. Explanation of new material.

1. Analysis of the poem "Winter Evening".

Teacher's word.

Now let's move on to the analysis. First, let's remember what a poem is. (Poem - a lyrical work, as a rule, of a small volume, written in verse).

Group work.

So, 1 question. When and where was this poem written?

2 question. How does the poet describe the snowstorm?

3 question. How is the nanny depicted in the poem?

(Pushkin affectionately addresses the nanny: “my old woman”, “my friend”, “the good friend of my poor youth.”)

4 question. Can we say that this poem is Pushkin's saddest poem? (The poem is really sad, but the last two lines allow you to talk aboutthe fact that the poet retains a cheerful, cheerful mood: you need to overcome, conquer the sad mood.)

5 question. Determine the nature of the poetic utterance in this poem. . (Showing a specific picture - a description of a winter evening - can be considered as landscape lyrics. At the same time, the poet speaks about his feelings, about his mood.)

6 question. What is the theme, idea and plot of this poem?

(Pushkin writes about his loneliness, isolation from relatives and friends.

The poet's reflection on his sad fate is the theme of this poem. The idea is that the lyrical hero believes that he can overcome all difficulties and be free).

7 question. Why is the poem called "Winter Evening"?

(The picture of a winter storm with its howling, the darkness of the night help to convey the mood of the poet more vividly.)

8 question. What is composition? ( IN literature conceptcompositions means the construction of a literary work, the structure of its constituent parts, micro-themes, their sequence and system)

What is the composition of this poem?

(Three parts can be distinguished: In the first part the main character is the blizzard.Second part entirely devoted to the nanny and the conversation with her.The third part has its own artistic meaning: it again mentions a snowstorm and a dilapidated shack. The motive of overcoming giveslast part optimistic sound).

9 question. How does the lyrical hero of this poem appear before us? Do you know who a lyrical hero is? ( The image of the poet in the lyrics, expressing his thoughts and feelings).

(Pushkin was a very cheerful, sociable person. And his temporary retreat was very painful for him.)

10 question. In what meter is this poem written? (An analysis of the text shows that "Winter Evening" is written in two syllables with stress on the first syllable.It's a trochee ).

11 questions. What pictorial means did the poet use in this poem?

What do you know? What is an epithet, personification, comparison, metaphor?

(Epithet - a figurative definition that gives an additional artistic description of an object or phenomenon in the form of a comparison;metaphor - type of trail, transfer of the name of one object to another based on their similarity;personification - a special kind of metaphor, transferring the image of human features to inanimate objects or phenomena).

-Let's find epithets. (“snow whirlwinds”, “dilapidated shack”, “belated traveler”, “on the roof of dilapidated”, “poor youth”, etc.)

Guys, tell me, why do we need epithets in a poem, what do they characterize in this work? (Their meaning is to decorate speech and make it literary.).

-Let's find comparisons. ( The storm is compared either with a beast, or with a child, or with a satellite).

And what do comparisons help us to see in this poem?

(They help to see the similarities or differences of individual items).

-Let's find personifications. ( the storm covers howl, cry)

Why are they needed in the poem?(They are used in the depiction of nature, which is endowed with certain human features)

And now let's find metaphors : the buzzing of the spindle, the howling of the storm. What is the meaning of the metaphor? (Meaningmetaphors as a path to enhance the emotional expressiveness of speech)

2. Analysis of the poem "Winter Evening" according to the method of A.P. Zhuravlev.

Teacher's word.

- And now, guys, I will teach you how to analyze a poem by other methods. Here, for example, there is a method for characterizing vowel sounds by their color. The author of this technique is Zhuravlev. With the help of this analysis, we will be able to see the beauty of the work, its secret meaning, we will learn to understand and feel a real work of art.

We write in a notebook. For example, a vowel A- stands for red e– dark green, And- blue, O- yellow, at- black-blue, s- black, Yu- violet, I- pink, uh- pale green.

(To save time, you can calculate yourself and show the class what data you got):

O - 33

E - 30

A - 28

I - 15

U - 14

Y - 4

I am 4

In this poem 81 light And 18 dark vowel sounds.

This suggests that the poem carries a positive mood, it is filled with good, bright meaning, although there are dark colors, but this is only because the author is worried, sad and longing, and there is also a storm outside the window.

The predominance of sound "ABOUT" indicates that the poem has a deep meaning. This is confirmed by the fact that the lyrical hero, Pushkin, believes, hopes that he will be able to overcome everything.

3. Analysis of the poem "Winter Evening" according to the method of B. Yarkho.

To do this, we must count the number of nouns, verbs, adjectives with you, that is, guys, in this method you must show knowledge in finding the parts of speech that you study in Russian lessons. As you can see, Russian literature is very closely related to the Russian language.

-Write out nouns: storm, haze, sky, whirlwinds, beast, roof, straw, traveler, window, shack, old woman, window, storm, buzzing, spindle, girlfriend, youth, grief, mug, heart - only 21 nouns;

Verbs: hides, twists, howls, cries, makes noise, knocks, falls silent, dozes, drink, drink - only 10 verbs;

adjectives: snowy, dilapidated, belated, dilapidated, sad, dark, kind, poor, tired, more cheerful - only 10 adjectives.

Conclusion: Thus, all these parts of speech that we found characterize:

The outside world (in this case, a winter evening during a storm).

House (here a dilapidated shack).

The poet's nanny Arina Rodionovna.

The data obtained show that the poem has a lot of nouns. They…… But verbs compared to them, 10 times less, there are actions, but not so much. After all, the author is in exile, and he cannot do anything, he is waiting ... And besides, most verbs are perfective. This suggests that the actions are short-lived, everything will definitely end, the time will come (in our poem the storm will end, the author will definitely return from exile).

adjectives, as well as verbs 10, their presence tells us that there is a description in the poem, namely a description of a storm, a shack, an old woman (nanny).

Conclusion: Thus, having analyzed the poem by Yarkho's method, we confirm idea of a poetic work : a lyrical hero, surrounded by cold, longing, dreams of a brighter future, hopes and believes in it.

So, in the poem by A.S. Pushkin's "Winter Evening" manifests a wealth of experiences, feelings of the lyrical hero.

VI.Homework.

Analyze the poem according to the methods of A.P. Zhuravleva, B. Yarkho in a notebook.

VI. Summing up the lesson.

2. The teacher sums up the work of the groups.

VII. Grading students for their work in class.

Pushkin wrote "Winter Evening" in a very difficult period of his life. Perhaps that is why a feeling of hopelessness, sadness and at the same time hope for a better future slips through the poem. In 1824, Alexander Sergeevich was allowed to return from his southern exile. What was his disappointment when the poet found out that he was allowed to live not in St. Petersburg or Moscow, but in the old family estate of Mikhailovsky, cut off from the outside world. At that time, all

Alexander Sergeevich's relationship with his parents was not easy, it was especially painful for him to endure the fact that his own father took over the function of the overseer. Sergey Lvovich checked all the correspondence of his son, literally controlled his every step. In addition, the father in every possible way provoked Pushkin into a scandal in the hope that a quarrel in front of witnesses would help him send his son to prison. Alexander Sergeevich used every opportunity to leave the estate to visit his neighbors, it was very difficult for him to live with the knowledge that his relatives had betrayed him.

Already after the parents left Mikhailovsky to live in Moscow, and this happened in the autumn of 1824, “Winter Evening” was written. Pushkin created his verse in the winter of 1825, by which time the poet calmed down a bit, he no longer felt monstrous pressure from all sides, but a storm still reigned in his soul. On the one hand, Alexander Sergeevich feels relieved and hopes for a bright future, but on the other hand, he understands the hopelessness of his situation.

Pushkin's "Winter Evening" allows you to consider in the image of a hero cut off from outside world snowstorm, the poet himself. In Mikhailovsky, he is under house arrest, he is allowed to leave the estate only after agreement with the supervisory authorities, and even then for a short period. Alexander Sergeevich is in despair from his imprisonment, therefore he perceives the storm, either as a small child, or as a terrible beast, or in the form of a belated traveler.

Pushkin wrote "Winter Evening" to convey his true feelings. In the image of a kind old woman, his nanny Arina Rodionovna is guessed. The poet understands that this woman is almost the only person who loves him. The nanny perceives him as his own son, cares, protects, helps with wise advice. He enjoys spending his free time with her, watching the spindle. Pushkin wrote "Winter Evening" in order to somehow calm him down. He cannot fully enjoy the idyll, because he languishes in captivity.

Be that as it may, life in Mikhailovsky clearly benefited Alexander Sergeevich, he became more restrained, calm, began to pay more attention to his work. Pushkin wrote "Winter Evening" putting all his soul into the poem, and this is immediately felt. After returning to St. Petersburg, the poet repeatedly voluntarily came to his old estate to enjoy rural life, silence, peace, beautiful landscapes and write new masterpieces.

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Analysis of the poem Winter Evening by Pushkin

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