Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet(correctly - Fet, German Foeth; for the first 14 and last 19 years of his life he officially bore the surname Shenshin; November 23, 1820, Novoselki estate, Mtsensk district, Oryol province - November 21, 1892, Moscow) - Russian lyricist of German origin, translator.

Biography

A.A. Fet portrait painted by Repin

Father - Johann Peter Karl Wilhelm Föth (1789-1825), assessor of the Darmstadt city court. Mother - Charlotte Elizabeth Becker (1798-1844). Sister - Caroline-Charlotte-Georgina-Ernestina Föt (1819-1868). Stepfather - Shenshin Afanasy Neofitovich (1775-1855). Maternal grandfather - Karl-Wilhelm Becker (1766-1826), privy councilor, military commissar. Paternal grandfather - Johann Vöth, paternal grandmother - Miles Sibylla. Maternal grandmother - Gagern Henrietta.

On May 18, 1818, the marriage of 20-year-old Charlotte Elisabeth Becker and Johann Peter Karl Wilhelm Vöth took place in Darmstadt. On September 18-19, 1820, 45-year-old Afanasy Shenshin and Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker, who was 7 months pregnant with her second child, secretly left for Russia. On November 23 (December 5), 1820, in the village of Novoselki, Charlotte Elizabeth Becker had a son, Afanasy.

Around November 30 of the same year, in the village of Novoselki, the son of Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker was baptized according to the Orthodox rite, named Afanasy, and recorded in the registry register as the son of Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin. In 1821-1823, Charlotte-Elizabeth had a daughter from Afanasy Shenshin, Anna, and a son, Vasily, who died in infancy. On September 4, 1822, Afanasy Shenshin married Becker, who before the wedding converted to Orthodoxy and began to be called Elizaveta Petrovna Fet.

In 1824, Johann Vöth remarried his daughter Caroline's teacher. In May 1824, in Mtsensk, Charlotte-Elizabeth gave birth to a daughter from Afanasy Shenshin - Lyuba (1824-?). On August 25, 1825, Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker wrote a letter to her brother Ernst, in which she talked about how well Shenshin takes care of her son Afanasy, that even: “... No one will notice that this is not his natural child...”. In March 1826, she again wrote to her brother that her first husband, who had died a month earlier, had not left her and the child any money: “... To take revenge on me and Shenshin, he forgot his own child, disinherited him and put a stain on him... Try, if possible , to beg our dear father to help restore this child to his rights and honor; he should get a surname..." Then, in the next letter: "... It is very surprising to me that Fet forgot and did not recognize his son in his will. A person can make mistakes, but denying the laws of nature is a very big mistake. Apparently, before his death he was quite ill...”

In 1834, when Afanasy Shenshin was 14 years old, an “error” in the documents was discovered, he was deprived of his surname, nobility and Russian citizenship and became “Hessendarmstadt subject Afanasy Fet.” In 1873, he officially regained his surname Shenshin, but continued to sign his literary works and translations with the surname Fet.

In 1835-1837, Afanasy studied at the German private boarding school of Krümmer in Verro (now Võru, Estonia). At this time he began to write poetry and show interest in classical philology. In 1838 he entered Moscow University, first at the Faculty of Law, then at the historical and philological (verbal) department of the Faculty of Philosophy. Studied for 6 years: 1838-1844.

In 1856, Fet's third collection was published, edited by I. S. Turgenev.

In 1857, Fet married Maria Petrovna Botkina, sister of the critic V.P. Botkin.

In 1858, he retired with the rank of guards headquarters captain and settled in Moscow.

In 1859, the poet broke up with the Sovremennik magazine.

In 1863, a two-volume collection of Fet's poems was published.

In 1867, Afanasy Fet was elected justice of the peace for 11 years.

In 1873, Afanasy Fet was returned to the nobility and the surname Shenshin. The poet continued to sign his literary works and translations with the surname Fet.

In 1883-1891 - publication of four issues of the collection “Evening Lights”.

Died on November 21, 1892 in Moscow. According to some reports, his death from a heart attack was preceded by a suicide attempt. He was buried in the village of Kleymenovo, the family estate of the Shenshins.

Family

Wife - Botkina Maria Petrovna (1828-1894), from the Botkin family (her elder brother, V.P. Botkin, a famous literary and art critic, author of one of the most significant articles about the work of A.A. Fet; S.P. Botkin - doctor, after whom a hospital in Moscow is named; D. P. Botkin - collector of paintings).

There were no children in the marriage. Nephew - E. S. Botkin, shot in 1918 in Yekaterinburg along with the family of Nicholas II.

Creation

Being one of the most sophisticated lyricists, Fet amazed his contemporaries by the fact that this did not prevent him from being at the same time an extremely businesslike, enterprising and successful landowner. M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin in many works, especially in the novel “The Diary of a Provincial in St. Petersburg,” repeatedly accused him of adherence to the serfdom. The famous palindrome phrase written by Fet and included in “The Adventures of Pinocchio” by A. N. Tolstoy is “And the rose fell on Azor’s paw.”

Poetry

Fet's creativity is characterized by the desire to escape from everyday reality into the “bright kingdom of dreams.” The main content of his poetry is love and nature. His poems are distinguished by the subtlety of their poetic mood and great artistic skill.

Fet is a representative of the so-called pure poetry. In this regard, throughout his life he argued with N. A. Nekrasov, a representative of social poetry.

The peculiarity of Fet's poetics is that the conversation about the most important is limited to a transparent hint. The most striking example is the poem “Whisper, timid breathing...”

Whispers, timid breathing,

Nightingale trills

Silver and sway

Sleepy Creek

Night light, night shadows

Endless shadows

A series of magical changes

Sweet face

There are purple roses in the smoky clouds,

Amber reflection

And kisses and tears,

And dawn, dawn!..

There is not a single verb in this poem, but the static description of space conveys the very movement of time.

The poem is one of the best poetic works of the lyrical genre. First published in the magazine “Moskvityanin” (1850), then revised and in its final version, six years later, in the collection “Poems of A. A. Fet” (published under the editorship of I. S. Turgenev).

It is written in multi-foot trochee with feminine and masculine cross rhyme (quite rare for the Russian classical tradition). At least three times it became the object of literary analysis.

The romance “At dawn, don’t wake her up” was written based on Fet’s poems.

Another famous poem by Fet:

I came to you with greetings

Tell me that the sun has risen

The future poet was born on November 23 (December 5, new style) 1820 in the village. Novoselki, Mtsensk district, Oryol province (Russian Empire).

As the son of Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker, who left Germany in 1820, Afanasy was adopted by the nobleman Shenshin. After 14 years, an unpleasant event occurred in the biography of Afanasy Fet: an error was discovered in the birth record, which deprived him of his title.

Education

In 1837, Fet graduated from Krümmer's private boarding school in the city of Verro (now Estonia). In 1838 he entered the Faculty of Philosophy at Moscow University, continuing to be interested in literature. He graduated from the university in 1844.

The poet's work

In Fet’s short biography, it is worth noting that his first poems were written by him in his youth. Fet's poetry was first published in the collection "Lyrical Pantheon" in 1840. Since then, Fet's poems have been constantly published in magazines.

Trying in every possible way to regain his title of nobility, Afanasy Fet went to serve as a non-commissioned officer. Then, in 1853, Fet’s life involved a transition to the Guards Regiment. Fet's creativity, even in those times, does not stand still. His second collection was published in 1850, and his third in 1856.

In 1857, the poet married Maria Botkina. Having retired in 1858, without having achieved the return of the title, he acquired land and devoted himself to farming.

Fet's new works, published from 1862 to 1871, comprise the cycles “From the Village” and “Notes on Free Labor.” They include short stories, short stories, and essays. Afanasy Afanasievich Fet strictly distinguishes between his prose and poetry. For him, poetry is romantic, and prose is realistic.

Fet's poems amazed his contemporaries and amaze us with the brightness and consistency of colors, great emotional intensity.

The poet believed that one must create according to intuition and inspiration. The subject of art can be nature, love, beauty - and he followed this in his poetic practice. He entered the history of Russian poetry as an original lyric poet, a master of lyrical miniature.

Nature occupies a significant place in his lyrics; it seems to respond to the poet’s feelings. Man is a particle of living nature, a creature equal to it. The poet loved to depict the transitional states of nature, different seasons: autumn, spring, summer and winter - all equally beautiful.

His love lyrics are very significant, glorifying the joys and misfortunes of great human feeling. A whole series of poems about love for a woman is dedicated to Maria Lazic, most of them are of a dramatic nature.

The prevailing mood in his works is intoxication with nature, beauty, art, memories, and delight. These are the features of Fet's lyrics. The poet often encounters the motif of flying away from the earth following the moonlight or enchanting music.

For Fet, poetry is pure essence, something like rarefied air on mountain peaks: not a human home, but a sanctuary.

Like any poet, Afanasy Afanasyevich writes about the eternal theme of life and death. Neither death nor life frightens him equally. The poet experiences only cold indifference to physical death, and earthly existence is justified only by creative fire, commensurate in his view with the “entire universe.” Both ancient and Christian motifs are heard in the poems.

In this section you will also find all the best poems by Fet, which are taken by students of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th and 11th grades according to the school curriculum. Patriotic poems about the Motherland and Russia, about war and freedom. Sad poems about the cemetery and religion, about loneliness, about freedom. Dedications to mother and women. Philosophical reflections about good and evil, about friendship, about the abyss.

Adult readers will enjoy short poems about sleep, satirical poems with obscenities. As well as lyrical, romantic and historical works. And also read dedications, epigrams, romances - and enjoy the pearls of world poetry.

Who is presented in this article is a Russian lyric poet, translator, and memoirist. He was born in 1820, on November 23, and died in 1892, on November 21.

The childhood of the future poet

Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet was born on a small estate located in the Oryol province, in the Mtsensk district. His biography is interesting because of the very origin of the future poet. His father worked as an assessor in the Darmstadt court, his mother, Becker Charlotte Elizabeth, left her husband in the seventh month of pregnancy and secretly left for Russia with Afanasy Shenshin. When the boy was born, he was baptized according to Orthodox custom. His name was given to him by Athanasius. He was recorded as the son of Shenshin. Charlotte Elizabeth Fet converted to Orthodoxy in 1822, after which she married Shenshin.

Studies

Fet received a good education. The capable Athanasius found his studies easy. He graduated from a private German school in 1837 in the town of Verro, located in Estonia. Already at this time, the future poet began to write poetry, and also showed interest in classical philology and literature. In order to prepare for university, after school he studied with Professor Pogodin at a boarding house. This man was a journalist, historian and writer. Afanasy Fet in 1838 entered first the law and then the philosophical faculty of the university in Moscow.

First collection of poems

While studying at the university, he became close to Apollo Grigoriev, one of the students who was fond of poetry. Together they began to attend a circle in which they studied literature and philosophy. Fet, with the participation of Grigoriev, released the first collection of his poems entitled “Lyrical Pantheon”. This book received Belinsky's approval. Gogol also noted that Fet is “an undoubted talent.” For the poet, this became a kind of blessing and inspired further creativity. His poems were published in various publications in 1842, including such popular magazines as Moskvityanin and Otechestvennye zapiski. In 1844, Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet completed his studies at the university. His biography then continued with military service.

Military service

Afanasy Afanasyevich left Moscow in 1845 and joined a cuirassier regiment located in the south of Russia. The poet believed that military service was necessary for him in order to regain his noble title. A year later, Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet received the rank of officer. His biography was supplemented in 1853 by another important event: the aspiring poet was transferred to a guards regiment stationed near St. Petersburg. Afanasy Afanasyevich often visited the capital, met with Goncharov, Turgenev, Nekrasov, and also became close to the editors of Sovremennik, a popular magazine at that time. His military career as a whole was not very successful. Fet resigned in 1858 with the rank of headquarters captain.

Tragic love

During his years of service, Afanasy Fet experienced a tragic love that had a great influence on his work. His short biography certainly includes mention of Maria Lazic. This was the poet's beloved, a girl from a poor but good family. This circumstance became an obstacle to marriage. The lovers separated, and after some time the girl died tragically in a fire (there was also talk of suicide). The poet kept her memory until his death.

Marriage to Maria Botkina

At the age of 37, Afanasy Fet married the daughter of a tea merchant from a wealthy family, Maria Botkina. She was not distinguished by her beauty and youth. This marriage was of convenience. Before the wedding, the poet told the bride about his origins, and also mentioned a family curse, which, in his opinion, could become an obstacle to marriage (read about it below). However, these confessions did not frighten Maria Botkina, and in 1857 the wedding took place. Afanasy Fet retired a year later.

The biography (short) of these years of his life is as follows. The poet settled in Moscow, where he began to study literature. The family life of Afanasy Afanasyevich was prosperous. He increased the fortune of Maria Botkina. This couple had no children. Afanasy Fet was elected justice of the peace in 1867. He lived on his estate like a real landowner. The poet began to work with renewed vigor only after the return of all the privileges of a hereditary nobleman and his stepfather's surname.

Fet's creativity

Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet left a significant mark on Russian literature. A short biography includes only his main creative achievements. Let's talk about them. The collection "Lyrical Pantheon" was published while still studying at the university. Fet's first poems were an attempt to escape from difficult reality. He wrote a lot about love and sang the beauty of nature in his works. Even then, one characteristic feature appeared in his work: Afanasy Afanasyevich spoke about eternal and important concepts only in hints, he was able to skillfully convey various shades of mood, awakening bright and pure emotions in readers.

"Mascot"

Fet's work took on a new direction after the death of Maria Lazic. Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet dedicated a poem called “The Talisman” to his beloved. A short biography of this girl will be presented at the end of this article, when we will tell you about some interesting facts from the life of the poet. Researchers suggest that all subsequent poems by Afanasy Afanasyevich about love were dedicated to her. "Talisman" aroused keen interest from critics and many positive reviews. Fet at this time was recognized as one of the best poets of our time.

Afanasy Afanasyevich was considered one of the representatives of the so-called pure art. That is, in his works he did not touch upon important social issues, remaining until the end of his life a convinced monarchist and conservative. Fet in 1856 released his third collection of poetry, in which he praised beauty. It was this that he considered the main and only goal of creativity.

The heavy blows of fate did not pass without a trace for the poet. Afanasy Afanasyevich became bitter, broke off relations with many friends, and practically stopped creating. The poet published a two-volume collection of his works in 1863, and then there was a 20-year break in his work.

"Evening Lights"

Only after returning the privileges of a hereditary nobleman and his stepfather’s surname did he take up creativity with renewed vigor. Towards the end of his life, the works of Afanasy Fet acquired an increasingly philosophical tone; so-called metaphysical realism was present in them. Afanasy Fet wrote about the unity of man with the entire Universe, about eternity, about the highest reality. Afanasy Afanasyevich wrote in the period from 1883 to 1891 more than three hundred different poems, included in the collection called “Evening Lights”. This collection went through four editions during the poet’s lifetime, and the fifth was published after his death.

Death of Afanasy Fet

The great poet died of a heart attack. However, researchers of his work and life are convinced that before his death he attempted to commit suicide. But it is impossible to say for sure whether the life of such a person as Afanasy Fet was marked by this episode. His biography and interesting facts about him sometimes cause controversy among researchers. Some of them are still recognized by the majority as reliable.

• When the future poet was 14 years old (in 1834), it turned out that he was not legally the son of Shenshin, a Russian landowner, and this was recorded illegally. An anonymous denunciation made by an unknown person became the reason for the proceedings. The decision sounded like a verdict: Afanasy must henceforth bear his mother’s surname, and he was also deprived of Russian citizenship and the privileges of a hereditary nobleman. Suddenly, from a wealthy heir, he turned into a man with no name. Fet perceived this event as a shame. It became an obsession for him to regain his lost position. His dream came true only in 1873, when Fet was already 53 years old.
• The fate of such a poet as Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet was marked by a heavy burden. Biography for children about him usually does not mention this. For the poet there was a danger of one birth illness. The fact is that there were crazy people in his family. Already in adulthood, Fet's two brothers lost their minds. Towards the end of her life, his mother also suffered from insanity. This woman begged everyone to kill her. Sister Nadya, shortly before Afanasy Afanasyevich’s marriage to Maria Botkina, also ended up in a psychiatric clinic. Her brother visited her there, but Nadya did not recognize him. Afanasy Fet often noticed attacks of severe melancholy in himself, whose biography and work confirm this. The poet was always afraid that he would suffer the same fate as his relatives.

• In 1847, during his military service in Fedorovka, the poet met a girl named Maria Lazich. Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet loved her very much. His biography and work were largely influenced by this meeting. The relationship between the lovers began with light flirting, which gradually grew into a deep feeling. However, the beautiful, well-educated Maria could not yet become a good match for Fet, who hoped to regain the title of nobleman. Realizing that he truly loved this girl, the poet nevertheless decided that he would not marry her. The girl reacted calmly to this, but decided after a while to break off relations with Fet. After this, the poet was informed about the tragedy in Fedorovka. A fire broke out in Maria's room and her clothes caught fire. The girl, trying to escape, ran first onto the balcony and then into the garden. However, the wind only fanned the flames. Maria Lazic had been dying for several days. This girl's last words were about Fet. The poet suffered this loss hard. Until the end of his life, he regretted that he did not marry Maria. His soul was empty, and there was no longer true love in his life.

So, you met such a poet as Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet. Biography and creativity were briefly presented in this article. We hope that this information made the reader want to get to know the great poet better. The poetry of the so-called new classicism was marked by the work of such an author as Fet Afanasy Afanasyevich. Biography (full) presented by Bukhshtab B.Ya. The book is called "A. A. Fet. Essay on life and creativity." Through this work you can become more familiar with such a great Russian poet as Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet. The biography by dates is given in some detail.

Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet, also known as Shenshin, is a famous Russian poet, one of the best lyricists in Russian literature. Many fans of his work know when Fet was born and died. If you are not one of them, we suggest filling the gap in knowledge. This man has gone through a rather difficult life path. And he experienced the first blow of fate already in his youth.

Birth story, or Who is the father?

The origin of Afanasy Fet is the darkest place in his biography. It is still not known exactly who his real father is. A brief account of his birth describes a complex and controversial story.

In September 1820, respectable forty-four-year-old landowner Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin returned to his estate after a year-long treatment at a German spa resort. In Germany, he stayed at the house of Karl Becker, where he met his married daughter Charlotte Feth. After some time, the woman became pregnant...

Controversial opinion about origin

Of course, it is important to know when Fet was born and died, but understanding this almost detective story of his birth is no less interesting. Opinions differ regarding further events. Some biographers believe that Charlotte hastily filed for divorce and soon had a legal marriage with Afanasy Neofitovich in Germany.

Other experts who have examined the facts of the birth of the future poet are inclined to believe that Afanasy Neofitovich, without waiting for a divorce, simply took Charlotte to his estate. There, little Afanasy, the future great poet, would subsequently be born. This is a short biography of Fet, which tells about his complicated origin.

The first blow of fate

When Afanasy Afanasievich turned fourteen years old, an official notification came from Germany, which concerned the rights of his birth. According to him, from that moment on he was the legitimate son of his German father. In connection with this, he was automatically deprived of all noble titles, which he rightfully enjoyed as Shenshin.

As a result of these circumstances, fourteen-year-old Afanasy Fet began to be considered the illegitimate child of Shenshin Afanasy Neofitovich. And this left a huge stain on the poet’s entire future life. Now his main goal was to restore his noble dignity and regain lost rights.

Studying at the university and making new acquaintances

During the same period, Fet Afanasy Afanasievich was sent to the Livonian city of Verro, where he was accepted into a German boarding school. Without a name, family or citizenship, the boy felt particularly disadvantaged. During these same years, the young man began to discover his poetic talent, with the help of which he distanced himself from reality and immersed himself in the world of creativity.

In 1837, Fet Afanasy Afanasievich - by decision of Shenshin - was transferred to a boarding school in Moscow, owned by Mikhail Pogodin. And next year the future poet enters the university to study laws and philology. There he meets his classmate and they become very close friends.

Soon Afanasy even moved to Apollo’s house on Malaya Polyanka, where he settled in a small room on the top floor. In the future, many contemporaries will note that with his ideas he had an important influence on the work of the young Afanasy Fet.

A. Fet: photo in military uniform, or What is service for?

Afanasy studied very poorly, science did not interest him. Because of this, he had to stay at the university even two years longer. The young man is constantly tormented by melancholy, it suffocates him, and he finds salvation only in poetry. Finally, Afanasy Afanasievich graduated from Moscow University, and the friendly connections that appeared during these years of Fet’s life played a significant role in the fate of the Russian lyricist. During that period, he met German philosophers, matured and became a true poet.

In 1840, Fet's first collection of poems, called "Lyrical Pantheon", was published. However, after graduating from university, Afanasy Afanasyevich begins his career in the military. Why did this man suddenly begin to serve in the army? The fact is that certain ranks gave a person the right to personal nobility. Significant years of Fet’s life were spent trying to regain the name Shenshin.

This is connected with his endless travels to different regions of Russia and Afanasy Afanasyevich’s remoteness from those places where real literary life was seething, magazines were published, and poetry was discussed. And it’s not so important when Fet was born and died. Of great importance is what fate awaited the poet because of the incomprehensible history of his birth.

Poet or business executive. A man standing firmly on his feet

Even years later, Afanasy Afanasyevich was engaged in creativity as if episodically. In 1863, the final collection of his poems was published, which draws a line under the entire period of Fet’s life. Then comes a decade during which he practically not only does not publish his works, but does not even write them. This is caused by certain external reasons.

The 1960s are a time of reform, and Afanasy Fet publishes articles on agriculture, devoted to many topical issues. And many begin to perceive the poet primarily as a business executive. It is enough to remember the appearance of this man - stocky, strong, with a large black beard - to understand that it is not without reason that he writes about the economy. He was indeed very skillful and very steady on his feet.

Two directions in Russian literature

The 1960s are the years when literature, and poetry in particular, devotes itself to public service. So, for example, it was in the lyrics of Nikolai Nekrasov, the greatest poet of that time. The axis of opposition between Nekrasov and Fet lies in the fact that the former represented civil poetry, and Afanasy Afanasievich personified the poetry of pure art.

On the one hand, specific goals, relevance, topicality, and on the other - something very strange. Some streams, nightingales, dreams... Who needs this? This is how many readers of that era reasoned. During these years, Afanasy Afanasievich was subjected to endless attacks from journalists. They write numerous parodies of the poet. They do not like the excessive musicality and rhythm of his works. Indeed, Fet’s poetry is distinguished by its integrity and unity. From the very beginning, he showed himself as a lyricist, praising the beauty and harmony of the world.

Special motives of Afanasy Afanasievich's lyrics

The main characteristics of Afanasy Fet's lyrics are associativeness, ambiguity and musicality. His poems represent not wild nature, but the space of human life. For example, not the sea, but a pond, not the whistle of the wind, but the sounds of music, not a forest, but a garden. "Whispers, timid breathing, trills of a nightingale...". Not everyone remembers when Fet was born and died, but many readers know by heart these textbook lines written by Afanasy Afanasievich.

The world of Fet's poetry consists of images of pure beauty. These poems do not require any external stimuli, any special reasons or social events. And it was precisely this intimacy that allowed Fet to remain a poet for decades. And it’s as if you don’t notice your aging. Afanasy Afanasievich was born in 1820, and Fet’s life was cut short in 1892. And it should be noted that it was precisely in the last decade, in the 1880s, that the absolute flowering of his work occurred.

The enormous significance of Fet's lyrics

It was at the time when Afanasy Fet was the owner of his wonderful estate in the Kursk province that he wrote his most delightful poems. Then the poet found stability and happiness in family life. Fet, whose photo is familiar to even the youngest reader today, began publishing collections one after another under the same title “Evening Lights.” Four were published, the fifth was prepared for publication.

Anyone can see in these last verses the same young soul of the poet, who is not so much immersed in everyday life, but is inclined to see its philosophical depth behind every detail. And this is no coincidence. Because his early university interests in philosophy in his mature years resulted in systematic studies.

Afanasy Afanasyevich occupies a special place in Russian poetry of the nineteenth century. Without Fet there would be no Russian symbolists, the work of Alexander Blok, Konstantin Balmont and many other wonderful poets. It was on the basis of the lyrical discoveries of Afanasy Fet that entire trends in the poetry of the twentieth century arose. First of all, symbolism. The significance of Fet's poetry is thus very great.